US4360599A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Stabilizing clay soil with dry chemical mixtures
Assignee: NORWEGIAN GEOTECHNICAL INSTITUTE OSLO NORWAY A CORP OF
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Filing: 1981-07-09
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Granted: 1982-11-23
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Expires: 2001-07-09
Abstract
Abstract A method of stabilizing clay soil comprising admixing the clay soil with an effective amount of a dry mixture of chemicals comprising hydroxy-aluminum and a chemical selected from the group consisting of potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium sulfate.
Inventors
- 👤 Tor Loken
- 👤 Odd R. Bryhn
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 01:52
CPC Classifications
E; E02; E02D; E02D3/00; E02D3/12; C; C09; C09K; C09K17/00; C09K17/02; C09K17/04
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
45 words
A method of stabilizing clay soil comprising admixing the clay soil with an effective amount of a dry mixture of chemicals comprising hydroxy-aluminum and a chemical selected from the group consisting of potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium sulfate.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
45 words
A method of stabilizing clay soil comprising admixing the clay soil with an effective amount of a dry mixture of chemicals comprising hydroxy-aluminum and a chemical selected from the group consisting of potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium sulfate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 1 where said dry mixture contains at least 2.5 grams of hydroxy-aluminum per 100 grams clay soil wet weight and at least 1.0 grams of said chemical per 100 grams clay soil wet weight.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 1 where said dry mixture contains at least 15 grams of hydroxy-aluminum per 100 grams clay soil wet weight and at least 10 grams of said chemical per 100 grams clay soil wet weight.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
26 words
A method of stabilizing clay soil comprising admixing the clay soil with an effective amount of a dry mixture of chemicals comprising hydroxy-aluminum and potassium chloride.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
26 words
A method of stabilizing clay soil comprising admixing the clay soil with an effective amount of a dry mixture of chemicals comprising hydroxy-aluminum and potassium chloride.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method of claim 4 where said dry mixture contains at least 2.5 grams of hydroxy-aluminum per 100 grams clay soil wet weight and 1.0 grams of potassium chloride per 100 grams clay soil wet weight.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 4 where said dry mixture contains at least 15 grams of hydroxy-aluminum per 100 grams clay soil wet weight and at least 10 grams of potassium chloride per 100 grams clay soil wet weight.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 4 where the hydroxy-aluminum has the general formula Al(OH) n X 3-n where n has a value of at least 2.0 and X is an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, sulfate and acetate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 4 where the hydroxy-aluminum has the general formula Al(OH) n X 3-n where n has a value of at least 2.5 and X is an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, sulfate and acetate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 4 where the hydroxy-aluminum is hydroxy-aluminum chloride.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of claim 4 further characterized where a plurality of pile-like structures are formed in said clay soil deposit by admixing said dry mixture with clay soil in a plurality of space apart bores located in said deposit.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
87 words
The method of stabilizing a clay containing soil deposit by forming a plurality of pillars extending into said formation comprising the steps of selecting the size of pillars to be formed, determining the wet weight of the clay within said pillars, preforming a dry mixture of hydroxy-aluminum and potassium chloride, said dry mixture containing at least 2.5 grams of hydroxy-aluminum and at least 1.0 grams of potassium chloride per 100 grams wet weight of clay and admixing said dry mixture with said clay to form said pillars.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
87 words
The method of stabilizing a clay containing soil deposit by forming a plurality of pillars extending into said formation comprising the steps of selecting the size of pillars to be formed, determining the wet weight of the clay within said pillars, preforming a dry mixture of hydroxy-aluminum and potassium chloride, said dry mixture containing at least 2.5 grams of hydroxy-aluminum and at least 1.0 grams of potassium chloride per 100 grams wet weight of clay and admixing said dry mixture with said clay to form said pillars.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 11 where said dry mixture contains at least 15 grams of hydroxy-aluminum and at least 10 grams of potassium chloride per 100 grams of clay soil wet weight.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 11 further characterized in that said dry mixture of hydroxy-aluminum and potassium chloride is admixed with said clay soil in situ in said deposit.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 11 where the hydroxy-aluminum has the general formula Al(OH) n X 3-n where n has a value of at least 2.0 and X is an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, sulfate and acetate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 11 where the hydroxy-aluminum has the general formula Al(OH) n X 3-n where n has a value of at least 2.5 and X is an anion selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, sulfate and acetate.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3603399A
Cited
US3827495A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-11-22 | 1986-05-24 | 1986-11-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-11-22 | 1990-05-24 | 1990-11-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-11-22 | 1994-05-24 | 1994-11-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |