US4356200A — Tubular packaging material and method for its man…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 247 words

A tubular packaging material, comprising: a carrier tubing comprised of cellulose hydrate and containing in its wall from about 5 to 12% by weight of water and from about 18 to 28% by weight of a plasticizer for cellulose hydrate, in each instance relative to the total weight of the carrier tubing; an anchoring layer on the outside of said carrier tubing of a water-insoluble heat-cured synthetic condensation product; a film coating on the outside of said carrier tubing which is substantially impermeable to water and water vapor and which comprises a copolymer of vinylidene chloride; and a water-permeable adhesion-promoting layer on the inside surface of said carrier tubing, comprising a water-insoluble, heat-cured condensation product, wherein the carrier tubing is characterized by a swelling value in the range from about 80 to 120%, and the tubular packaging, after soaking in water at a temperature between about 40° to 50° C. for a period of about 30 minutes and subsequent cooling to about room temperature, is characterized by dimensions in the wet state which are about 2 to 6% greater than those before said soaking in water, and wherein the tubular packaging, after simmering or boiling at a temperature of about 85° C. for about 30 minutes and then cooling to room temperature, is characterized by dimensions in the wet state which are about 1 to 3% smaller than the wet state dimensions of the tubular packaging material which has only been subjected to said soaking in water.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 247 words

A tubular packaging material, comprising: a carrier tubing comprised of cellulose hydrate and containing in its wall from about 5 to 12% by weight of water and from about 18 to 28% by weight of a plasticizer for cellulose hydrate, in each instance relative to the total weight of the carrier tubing; an anchoring layer on the outside of said carrier tubing of a water-insoluble heat-cured synthetic condensation product; a film coating on the outside of said carrier tubing which is substantially impermeable to water and water vapor and which comprises a copolymer of vinylidene chloride; and a water-permeable adhesion-promoting layer on the inside surface of said carrier tubing, comprising a water-insoluble, heat-cured condensation product, wherein the carrier tubing is characterized by a swelling value in the range from about 80 to 120%, and the tubular packaging, after soaking in water at a temperature between about 40° to 50° C. for a period of about 30 minutes and subsequent cooling to about room temperature, is characterized by dimensions in the wet state which are about 2 to 6% greater than those before said soaking in water, and wherein the tubular packaging, after simmering or boiling at a temperature of about 85° C. for about 30 minutes and then cooling to room temperature, is characterized by dimensions in the wet state which are about 1 to 3% smaller than the wet state dimensions of the tubular packaging material which has only been subjected to said soaking in water.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 39 words

A packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said carrier tubing is comprised of cellulose hydrate which has been chemically modified by means of an organic chemical compound which has at least two N-methylol groups in the molecule.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 30 words

A packaging material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said condensation product on the inside of the carrier tubing is comprised of protein/formaldehyde, urea/formaldehyde, melamine/formaldehyde, epichlorohydrin/polyamine or epichlorohydrin/polyamine-polyamide.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 184 words

A process for the manufacture of a packaging material, comprising the steps of: treating at least the outside surface of a plasticizer-containing tubing which is comprised of cellulose hydrate gel and which has not yet been subjected to any preceding heat treatment, with a fluid containing a water-soluble pre-condensate; passing the treated tubing continuously along its longitudinal axis through a first heat-treating zone under conditions which permit shrinking and thus drying it, the effective temperature being in the range from about 70° to 90° C. at the beginning of the first heat-treating zone and being in the range from about 100° to 130° C. at the end of the first heat-treating zone; remoistening the dried tubing; passing the tubing continuously through a second heat-treating zone and thus drying it, wherein the speed of advance of the tubing at the outlet of the second heat-treating zone is equal to or at most 2% greater than that at the inlet to the second heat-treating zone; and forming on the outside of the tubing a substantially water- and water vapor-impermeable film comprising a copolymer of vinylidene chloride.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 184 words

A process for the manufacture of a packaging material, comprising the steps of: treating at least the outside surface of a plasticizer-containing tubing which is comprised of cellulose hydrate gel and which has not yet been subjected to any preceding heat treatment, with a fluid containing a water-soluble pre-condensate; passing the treated tubing continuously along its longitudinal axis through a first heat-treating zone under conditions which permit shrinking and thus drying it, the effective temperature being in the range from about 70° to 90° C. at the beginning of the first heat-treating zone and being in the range from about 100° to 130° C. at the end of the first heat-treating zone; remoistening the dried tubing; passing the tubing continuously through a second heat-treating zone and thus drying it, wherein the speed of advance of the tubing at the outlet of the second heat-treating zone is equal to or at most 2% greater than that at the inlet to the second heat-treating zone; and forming on the outside of the tubing a substantially water- and water vapor-impermeable film comprising a copolymer of vinylidene chloride.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 34 words

A process for the manufacture of a packaging material as claimed in claim 4, wherein said treating step comprises treating both the outside and the inside surface of the tubing with said pre-condensate-containing fluid.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 32 words

A process for the manufacture of a packaging material as claimed in claim 4, wherein said remoistening step comprises treating the inside of the tube with a fluid containing a water-soluble precondensate.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 41 words

A process as claimed in claim 4, wherein the speed of advance of the tubing at the outlet of the first heat-treating zone is from about 2 to 10% lower than the speed of advance at the inlet to this zone.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 127 words

A process as claimed in claim 4, wherein said first heat-treating step comprises passing the tubing through the roll nip of a first pair of squeeze rollers having rollers each rotating at the same first peripheral speed, and after the water-insoluble coating of condensation product has been formed and the tubing has been dried, passing the tubing through the roll nip of a second pair of squeeze rollers, which is located at a distance from the first and has driven rollers each rotating at the same second peripheral speed, the first peripheral speed being about 2 to 10% greater than the second peripheral speed, and further comprising the step of filling the tubing with supporting gas while passing between the first and second pairs of squeeze rollers.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 34 words

A process as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the first heat-treating zone the tubing is subjected to the action of heat for a period in the range from about 1.5 to 3 minutes.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 51 words

A process as claimed in claim 4, wherein the temperature prevailing at the beginning of the second heat-treating zone is within the range from about 70° to 90° C. and the temperature prevailing at the end of the second heat-treating zone is within the range from about 100° to 130° C.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 29 words

A process as claimed in claim 10, wherein the tubing is maintained in the second heat-treating zone for a period in the range from about 1.5 to 3 minutes.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 110 words

A process for the manufacture of a packaging material, comprising the steps of: treating the outside and the inside surface of a plasticizer-containing tubing which is comprised of cellulose hydrate gel and which has not yet been subjected to any preceding heat treatment, with a fluid containing a water-soluble pre-condensate; subjecting the treated tubing to a single heat-treatment under conditions which permit shrinking of the tubing, the temperature prevailing during heat-treatment being sufficient to form said water-insoluble, heat-cured synthetic condensation product from said pre-condensate and to dry the tubing; and forming on the outside of the tubing a substantially water- and water vapor-impermeable film comprising a copolymer of vinylidene chloride.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 110 words

A process for the manufacture of a packaging material, comprising the steps of: treating the outside and the inside surface of a plasticizer-containing tubing which is comprised of cellulose hydrate gel and which has not yet been subjected to any preceding heat treatment, with a fluid containing a water-soluble pre-condensate; subjecting the treated tubing to a single heat-treatment under conditions which permit shrinking of the tubing, the temperature prevailing during heat-treatment being sufficient to form said water-insoluble, heat-cured synthetic condensation product from said pre-condensate and to dry the tubing; and forming on the outside of the tubing a substantially water- and water vapor-impermeable film comprising a copolymer of vinylidene chloride.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 46 words

A process as claimed in claim 12, wherein the temperature at the beginning of said heat-treatment is in the range from about 90° to 110° C. and the temperature prevailing at the end of said heat-treatment being in the range from about 140° to 160° C.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 77 words

A process as claimed in claim 12, wherein the tubing contains in its wall a chemical agent containing at least two N-methylol groups in the molecule for cross-linking the cellulose hydrate molecules, and wherein the tubing is subjected at the beginning of said heat-treatment to a temperature in the range of from about 70° to 90° C. and at the end of said heat-treatment to a temperature in the range of from about 100° to 130° C.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 42 words

A process as claimed in claim 13 or 14, wherein the speed of advance of the tubing along its longitudinal axis at the outlet of said heat-treatment is from about 2 to 10% lower than that at the inlet to said heat-treatment.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 121 words

A process as claimed in claim 15, wherein said heat-treatment step comprises passing the tubing through the roll nip of a first pair of squeeze rollers having driven rollers each rotating at the same first peripheral speed, and then passing the tube through the roll nip of a second pair of squeeze rollers, which is located at a distance from the first pair provided and has driven rollers each rotating at the same second peripheral speed, the first peripheral speed being about 2 to 10% greater than the second peripheral speed, and further comprising the step of filling the tubing with a supporting gas in the space between the first pair of squeeze rollers and the second pair of squeeze rollers.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 27 words

A process as claimed in claim 16, wherein the tubing is subjected to said heat-treatment for a period in the range from about 3 to 8 minutes.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 12 words

A sausage casing comprising the tubular packaging material defined by claim 1.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 18 words

A sausage casing as defined in claim 18, further comprising a sausage filling contained inside of said casing.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 183 words

A tubular packaging material prepared by a process comprising the steps of: treating at least the outside surface of a plasticizer-containing tubing which is comprised of cellulose hydrate gel and which has not yet been subjected to any preceding heat treatment, with a fluid containing a water-soluble pre-condensate; passing the treated tubing continuously along its longitudinal axis through a first heat-treating zone under conditions which permit shrinking and thus drying it, the effective temperature being in the range from about 70° to 90° C. at the beginning of the first heat-treating zone and being in the range from about 100° to 130° C. at the end of the first heat-treating zone; remoistening the dried tubing; passing the tubing continuously through a second heat-treating zone and thus drying it, wherein the speed of advance of the tubing at the outlet of the second heat-treating zone is equal to or at most 2% greater than that at the inlet to the second heat-treating zone; and forming on the outside of the tubing a substantially water- and water vapor-impermeable film comprising a copolymer of vinylidene chloride.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 183 words

A tubular packaging material prepared by a process comprising the steps of: treating at least the outside surface of a plasticizer-containing tubing which is comprised of cellulose hydrate gel and which has not yet been subjected to any preceding heat treatment, with a fluid containing a water-soluble pre-condensate; passing the treated tubing continuously along its longitudinal axis through a first heat-treating zone under conditions which permit shrinking and thus drying it, the effective temperature being in the range from about 70° to 90° C. at the beginning of the first heat-treating zone and being in the range from about 100° to 130° C. at the end of the first heat-treating zone; remoistening the dried tubing; passing the tubing continuously through a second heat-treating zone and thus drying it, wherein the speed of advance of the tubing at the outlet of the second heat-treating zone is equal to or at most 2% greater than that at the inlet to the second heat-treating zone; and forming on the outside of the tubing a substantially water- and water vapor-impermeable film comprising a copolymer of vinylidene chloride.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 29 words

A tubular package material as claimed in claim 20, wherein said treating step comprises treating both the outside and the inside surface of the tubing with said pre-condensate-containing fluid.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1985-10-25	1986-04-26	1986-10-26	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1989-10-25	1990-04-26	1990-10-26	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1993-10-25	1994-04-26	1994-10-26	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Tubular packaging material and method for its manufacture

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