US4356060A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Insulating and filler material comprising cellulose fibers and clay, and method of making same from paper-making waste
Assignee: American Fillers and Abrasives Co Inc
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Filing: 1981-02-06
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Granted: 1982-10-26
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Expires: 2001-02-06
Abstract
Abstract A soft fluffy light weight substance comprising cellulose fibers and clay suitable as a filler and insulatng material, which is dispersible and absorbent in oil but which is not dispersible or absorbable in water, is made from paper making sludge by heating the sludge with mechanical agitation at about 350° F. to evaporate all water therefrom and convert the product to lipophilic granules which are then milled in a hammer mill and forced through a screen of 3/64-5/64 inch mesh.
Inventors
- 👤 Edwin F. Neckermann
- 👤 Joseph F. Wooding
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 11:36
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08K; C08K3/00; C08K3/34; C08K3/346; C04; C04B; C04B18/00; C04B18/02; C04B18/021; C04B18/04; C04B18/18; C04B18/24; C04B18/241; C04B18/243; C04B30/00; C04B30/02; C08K3/36; C08L; C08L95/00; Y; Y02; Y02W; Y02W30/00; Y02W30/50; Y02W30/91; Y10; Y10S; Y10S162/00; Y10S162/09
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
102 words
A method of making a low density filler and insulating material from sludge comprising a mixture of cellulose fibers and clay obtained by partially removing water from the white water slurry of a paper-making machine which comprises heating and agitating said sludge mixture at a temperature of at least 300° F. but below the temperature at which the destruction of the cellulose fibers takes place, and for a time sufficient to convert the sludge mixture to granules that are substantially non dispersible and substantially non absorbable in water and milling said granules while forcing said granules through a -5/64 inch mesh screen.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
102 words
A method of making a low density filler and insulating material from sludge comprising a mixture of cellulose fibers and clay obtained by partially removing water from the white water slurry of a paper-making machine which comprises heating and agitating said sludge mixture at a temperature of at least 300° F. but below the temperature at which the destruction of the cellulose fibers takes place, and for a time sufficient to convert the sludge mixture to granules that are substantially non dispersible and substantially non absorbable in water and milling said granules while forcing said granules through a -5/64 inch mesh screen.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 in which the sludge mixture after substantially complete evaporation of its water by the heating is further heated within said temperature range for a period of at least 10 minutes.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 in which the sludge is continuously fed to and carried on a moving conveyor and directly heated by a gas flame.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 in which the milling is carried out in a hammer mill.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
73 words
A soft light weight filler and insulating product comprising a mixture of cellulose fibers and particles of clay in the proportion of 30% to 80% clay and 70% to 20% cellulose fibers, the clay having a particle size of -200 mesh, said mixture being substantially water-free and being dispersible in oil and being oil-absorable, but not substantially being dispersible in water or water-absorbable, said product being obtained by the process of claim 1.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
85 words
A method of making a product from white water paper-making sludge which product is suitable by milling to produce a filler and insulating material which method comprises removing water from white water paper-making sludge to first produce a substantially dry water absorbable mixture of cellulose fibers and clay, and heating said mixture at a temperature of 300° F.-500° F. for a time sufficient to convert the water absorbable mixture to a substantially water free material which is dispersible in oil and substantially not water absorbable.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
85 words
A method of making a product from white water paper-making sludge which product is suitable by milling to produce a filler and insulating material which method comprises removing water from white water paper-making sludge to first produce a substantially dry water absorbable mixture of cellulose fibers and clay, and heating said mixture at a temperature of 300° F.-500° F. for a time sufficient to convert the water absorbable mixture to a substantially water free material which is dispersible in oil and substantially not water absorbable.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 in which the temperature is within the range of 300° F.-500° F.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 in which the temperature is approximately 350° F.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 in which the clay of the aggregate obtained by the heating is crushed to a particle size of -200 mesh.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-10-25 | 1986-04-26 | 1986-10-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-10-25 | 1990-04-26 | 1990-10-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-10-25 | 1994-04-26 | 1994-10-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |