US4347107A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electroplating tin and tin alloys and baths therefor
Assignee: OMI International Corp
•
Filing: 1981-04-02
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Granted: 1982-08-31
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Expires: 2001-04-02
Abstract
Abstract Improved electroplating bath for depositing bright, metallic tin wherein divalent tin, in the form of stannous sulfate or fluoroborate, is present in conjunction with sulfuric or fluoroboric acid, brighteners including an aromatic amine and an aliphatic aldehyde, a polyalkylene ether surfactant, and an aromatic sulfonic acid to ensure bath stability as well as the requisite brightness. The divalent tin-containing electroplating bath may also be provided with copper or rhodium salts to achieve codeposition of tin with at least one of these alloying metals. The method of utilizing such divalent tin electroplating baths to plate substrates with bright metallic tin is also described and claimed.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert J. Teichmann
- 👤 Linda J. Mayer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 08:59
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/30; C25D3/32; C25D3/56; C25D3/60
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
92 words
An aqueous electroplating bath for the deposition of bright metallic tin or alloys of tin with copper or rhodium which comprises a bath soluble divalent tin compound in an amount sufficient to deposit tin on the substrate being plated, an inorganic acid in an amount sufficient to maintain the bath pH not in excess of about 2.0, a brightening amount of an aromatic amine brightener, a nonionic surfactant, and a sufficient amount of an aromatic sulfonic acid to maintain the stability of the plating bath and enhance the brightness of the electrodeposit.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
92 words
An aqueous electroplating bath for the deposition of bright metallic tin or alloys of tin with copper or rhodium which comprises a bath soluble divalent tin compound in an amount sufficient to deposit tin on the substrate being plated, an inorganic acid in an amount sufficient to maintain the bath pH not in excess of about 2.0, a brightening amount of an aromatic amine brightener, a nonionic surfactant, and a sufficient amount of an aromatic sulfonic acid to maintain the stability of the plating bath and enhance the brightness of the electrodeposit.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The electroplating bath of claim 1, wherein there is also present a brightening amount of an aliphatic aldehyde brightener.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electroplating bath of claim 2, wherein the nonionic surfactant is a polyoxyalkylene ether.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electroplating bath of claim 3, wherein the polyoxyalkylene ether is polyoxyethylene lauryl ether.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electroplating bath of claim 2, wherein said aromatic amine brightener is o-chloroaniline.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electroplating bath of claim 2, wherein said aliphatic aldehyde brightener is formaldehyde.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
The electroplating bath of claim 2, wherein the aromatic sulfonic acid is selected from the group consisting of cresol and phenol sulfonic acids.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electroplating bath of claim 7, wherein the aromatic sulfonic acid is o-cresol sulfonic acid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The electroplating bath of claim 2, wherein the divalent tin is stannous sulfate and the acid is sulfuric acid.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electroplating bath of claim 2, which also contains an alloying metal selected from the group consisting of copper and rhodium metals.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The electroplating bath of claim 10, wherein the alloying metal is in the form of its sulfate salt.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
72 words
An aqueous electroplating bath for the deposition of bright, metallic tin on substrates which comprises the following ingredients in the amounts indicated: ______________________________________
Amounts g/l
______________________________________
(a) Stannous sulfate or fluoroborate
5 to 50
(b) Sulfuric or fluoroboric acid
100 to 250
(c) Aromatic amine brightener
0.3 to 15
(d) Aliphatic aldehyde brightener
0.5 to 11
(e) Polyoxyalkylene ether 0.1 to 20
(f) Cresol or phenol sulfonic acid
0.5 to 30.
______________________________________
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
72 words
An aqueous electroplating bath for the deposition of bright, metallic tin on substrates which comprises the following ingredients in the amounts indicated: ______________________________________
Amounts g/l
______________________________________
(a) Stannous sulfate or fluoroborate
5 to 50
(b) Sulfuric or fluoroboric acid
100 to 250
(c) Aromatic amine brightener
0.3 to 15
(d) Aliphatic aldehyde brightener
0.5 to 11
(e) Polyoxyalkylene ether 0.1 to 20
(f) Cresol or phenol sulfonic acid
0.5 to 30.
______________________________________
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
The electroplating bath of claim 12, which also contains an alloying metal ingredient selected from the group consisting of copper sulfate and rhodium sulfate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electroplating bath of claim 12, wherein ingredient (a) is stannous sulfate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electroplating bath of claim 12, wherein ingredient (b) is sulfuric acid.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
The electroplating bath of claim 12, wherein ingredient (c) is o-chloroaniline and ingredient (d) is formaldehyde.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electroplating bath of claim 12, wherein the polyoxyalkylene ether is polyoxyethylene ether.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electroplating bath of claim 12, wherein ingredient (f) is a cresol sulfonic acid.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electroplating bath of claim 18, wherein the cresol sulfonic acid is o-cresol sulfonic acid.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
60 words
An aqueous electroplating bath for the deposition of bright, metallic tin on substrates which comprises the following ingredients: ______________________________________
Amounts (g/l)
______________________________________
(a) Stannous sulfate 5 to 50
(b) Sulfuric acid 100 to 250
(c) o-chloroaniline 0.3 to 15
(d) formalin 0.5 to 11
(e) polyoxyethylene lauryl ether
0.1 to 20
(f) a cresol sulfonic acid
0.5 to 30.
______________________________________
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
60 words
An aqueous electroplating bath for the deposition of bright, metallic tin on substrates which comprises the following ingredients: ______________________________________
Amounts (g/l)
______________________________________
(a) Stannous sulfate 5 to 50
(b) Sulfuric acid 100 to 250
(c) o-chloroaniline 0.3 to 15
(d) formalin 0.5 to 11
(e) polyoxyethylene lauryl ether
0.1 to 20
(f) a cresol sulfonic acid
0.5 to 30.
______________________________________
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
58 words
A method for the deposition of bright metallic tin on a substrate which comprises electroplating said substrate in the plating bath of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 for a period of time sufficient to form the desired electrodeposit on the substrate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-08-30 | 1986-03-01 | 1986-08-31 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-08-30 | 1990-03-01 | 1990-08-31 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-08-30 | 1994-03-01 | 1994-08-31 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |