US4338727A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Shadowless sundial
Assignee: VENCRAFT CORP
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Filing: 1980-09-17
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Granted: 1982-07-13
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Expires: 2000-09-17
Abstract
Abstract A sundial is disclosed comprising specularly reflective convex surfaces that form virtual images of the sun in a separate plane or conical surface in which a numbered dial plate is mounted. The axis of revolution of the curved surfaces is mounted parallel to the axis of rotation of the earth and the time scale is also centered about this axis, but in a separate plane or cone located at a distance below the nearest reflective convex surface equal to the radius of said convex surface.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert W. Gundlach
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 20:24
CPC Classifications
G; G04; G04B; G04B49/00; G04B49/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
95 words
A shadowless sundial comprising: a. a body having a specularly reflecting surface forming at least a segment of a substantially annular surface perpendicular to its axis of curvature, b. mounting means connected to said body for maintaining said axis approximately parallel to the axis of rotation of the earth, and c. time scale means mounted in a plane parallel to said body at a distance from said body equal to the radius of curvature of said body so as to be coincident with the virtual image formed by the sun's reflection from said reflecting surface.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
95 words
A shadowless sundial comprising: a. a body having a specularly reflecting surface forming at least a segment of a substantially annular surface perpendicular to its axis of curvature, b. mounting means connected to said body for maintaining said axis approximately parallel to the axis of rotation of the earth, and c. time scale means mounted in a plane parallel to said body at a distance from said body equal to the radius of curvature of said body so as to be coincident with the virtual image formed by the sun's reflection from said reflecting surface.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
The sundial of claim 1 wherein said reflecting surface is formed as rings of different radii generally perpendicular to said axis.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The sundial of claim 2 wherein said rings are in a generally conical form.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
38 words
The sundial of claim 3 wherein said cone is transparent and makes an angle of about 45° with said axis and whose apex is at the center of a time scale in a plane perpendicular to said axis.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
40 words
The sundial of claim 3 wherein said cone slopes downward from its apex at an angle of from about 57° to about 661/2° with its axis of revolution, and said time scale lies in a plane below the outermost ring.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
41 words
The sundial of claim 2 wherein said rings are arranged concentric and next to each other in the general form of a disk, and said timescale is seen as a convex cone at an angle of about 45° from said axis.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The sundial of claim 6 wherein said rings are formed as a fresnel lens.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The sundial of claim 2 wherein said timescale means is circular and includes means of mounting said scale for rotational movement about said axis.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The sundial of claim 1 wherein said reflecting surface is a specularly reflecting surface of revolution around said axis.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
45 words
The sundial of claim 1 wherein said reflective surface comprises a rotatable segment or segments of revolution supported to permit rapid rotation about said axis of revolution, with sufficient space between segments to afford an intermittent view of the timescale and the sun's virtual image.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-07-12 | 1986-01-11 | 1986-07-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-07-12 | 1990-01-11 | 1990-07-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-07-12 | 1994-01-11 | 1994-07-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |