US4315673A — Progressive power ophthalmic lens

Claim 1

Independent Claim 326 words

A lens for eyeglasses, comprising a surface having an upper distance vision portion FT containing a far reference point B F and given average distance-vision portion surface refractive powers D F , said surface having a lower near-vision portion NT containing a near reference point B N given average near-vision surface refractive powers D N , said surface having a progression region PB located between said distance portion FT and said near portion NT with average surface refractive powers D P which effect a smooth transition from said distance portion FT to said near portion NT, said surface being divided into a temporal portion and a nasal portion by a principal meridian M which forms an umbilical point line, characterized in that said surface fits the following equation in a cylindrical system of coordinates (y, ρ, φ): ##EQU12## wherein all a n (y) are chosen such that ρ(0,y) is an umbilical point line and describes the curve f(y) of the principal meridan M, k(y) is a function which monotonously ascends, preferably in the range of 3 to 10 from said near portion NT to said distance portion FT or is a number which is constant, preferably in the range of 3 to 10, over the entire surface, and the curve of the curvature of said principal meridian M ##EQU13## fits the equation F(y)=A[1-(1+e.sup.-c(y+d)).sup.-m ] wherein A=D.sub.N -D.sub.F and the numbers c, d, m are chosen so that said far reference point B F is located above a center point 0 of said surface, so that, above the far reference point B F , the average surface power D F along said principal meridian M is constant up to ±0.25 diopters, so that said near reference point B N is located below said center point 0 of said surface, and so that, below said near reference point B N , the average surface power D N along said principal meridian M is constant up to ±0.25 diopters.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 326 words

A lens for eyeglasses, comprising a surface having an upper distance vision portion FT containing a far reference point B F and given average distance-vision portion surface refractive powers D F , said surface having a lower near-vision portion NT containing a near reference point B N given average near-vision surface refractive powers D N , said surface having a progression region PB located between said distance portion FT and said near portion NT with average surface refractive powers D P which effect a smooth transition from said distance portion FT to said near portion NT, said surface being divided into a temporal portion and a nasal portion by a principal meridian M which forms an umbilical point line, characterized in that said surface fits the following equation in a cylindrical system of coordinates (y, ρ, φ): ##EQU12## wherein all a n (y) are chosen such that ρ(0,y) is an umbilical point line and describes the curve f(y) of the principal meridan M, k(y) is a function which monotonously ascends, preferably in the range of 3 to 10 from said near portion NT to said distance portion FT or is a number which is constant, preferably in the range of 3 to 10, over the entire surface, and the curve of the curvature of said principal meridian M ##EQU13## fits the equation F(y)=A[1-(1+e.sup.-c(y+d)).sup.-m ] wherein A=D.sub.N -D.sub.F and the numbers c, d, m are chosen so that said far reference point B F is located above a center point 0 of said surface, so that, above the far reference point B F , the average surface power D F along said principal meridian M is constant up to ±0.25 diopters, so that said near reference point B N is located below said center point 0 of said surface, and so that, below said near reference point B N , the average surface power D N along said principal meridian M is constant up to ±0.25 diopters.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 20 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claim 1, characterized in that all a n (y), with n≧2, are essentially zero.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 147 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claim 1, characterized in that ρ(φ,y) is determined from ρ(φ,y) cos φ=ρ*(φ*,y) cos φ*+(r.sub.F -a(y)) ρ(φ,y) sin φ=ρ*(φ*,y) sin φ* ##EQU14## wherein f(y)=ρ(0,y) curve of principal meridian M f*(y)=f(y)-(r F -a(y)) r F =radius of curvature of said surface in said far reference point B F r N =radius of curvature of said surface in said near reference point B N ##EQU15## wherein c o , d o , m o , are chosen such that a(y) for y≧6 mm ±5% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→+∞, for y≦-12 mm ±5% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→-∞, these asymptote values are between r N and r F , and when these asymptote values are chosen to be different, the smaller value is in the range y≦-12 mm, particularly c o =3 d o =1 m o =30 and ##EQU16##

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 147 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claim 1, characterized in that ρ(φ,y) is determined from ρ(φ,y) cos φ=ρ*(φ*,y) cos φ*+(r.sub.F -a(y)) ρ(φ,y) sin φ=ρ*(φ*,y) sin φ* ##EQU17## wherein f(y)=ρ(0,y) curve of principal meridian M f*(y)=f(y)-(r F -a(y)) r F =radius of curvature of said surface in said far reference point B F r N =radius of curvature of said surface in said near reference point B N ##EQU18## wherein c o , d o , m o , are chosen such that a(y) for y≧6 mm ±2% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→+∞, for y≦-12 mm ±2% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→-∞, these asymptote values are between r N and r F , and when these asymptote values are chosen to be different, the smaller value is in the range y≦-12 mm, particularly c o =3 d o =1 m o =30 and ##EQU19##

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 145 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claim 1, characterized in that ρ(φ,y) is determined from ρ(φ,y) cos φ=ρ*(φ*,y) cos φ*+(r.sub.F -a(y)) ρ(φ,y) sin φ=ρ*(φ*,y) sin φ* ##EQU20## wherein f(y)=ρ(0,y) curve of principal meridian M f*(y)=f(y)-(r F -a(y)) r F =radius of curvature of said surface in said far reference point B F r N =radius of curvature of said surface in said near reference point B N ##EQU21## wherein c o , d o , m o , are chosen such that a(y) for y≧6 mm±5% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→+∞, for y≦-12 mm±5% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→-∞, these asymptote values are between 5r N /4and r F , and when these asymptote values are chosen to be different, the smaller value is in the range y≦-12 mm, particularly c o =3 d o =1 m o =30 and ##EQU22##

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 146 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claim 1, characterized in that ρ(φ,y) is determined from ρ(φ,y) cos φ=ρ*(φ*,y) cos φ*+(r.sub.F -a(y)) ρ(φ,y) sin φ=ρ*(φ*,y) sin φ* ##EQU23## wherein f(y)=ρ(0,y) curve of principal meridian M f*(y)=f(y)-(r F -a(y)) r F =radius of curvature of said surface in said far reference point B F r N =radius of curvature of said surface in said near reference point B N ##EQU24## wherein c o , d o , m o , are chosen such that a(y) for y≧6 mm±2% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→+∞, for y≦-12 mm±2% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→-∞, these asymptote values are between 5r N /4 and r F , and when these asymptote values are chosen to be different, the smaller value is in the range y≦-12 mm, particularly c o =3 d o =1 m o =30 and ##EQU25##

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 145 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claim 2, characterized in that ρ(φ,y) is determined from ρ(φ,y) cos φ=ρ*(φ*,y) cos φ*+(r.sub.F -a(y)) ρ(φ,y) sin φ=ρ*(φ*,y) sin φ* ##EQU26## wherein f(y)=ρ(0,y) curve of principal meridian M f*(y)=f(y)-(r F -a(y)) r F =radius of curvature of said surface in said far reference point B F r N =radius of curvature of said surface in said near reference point B N ##EQU27## wherein c o , d o , m o , are chosen such that a(y) for y≧6 mm±5% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→+∞, for y≦-12 mm±5% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→-∞, these asymptote values are between r N and r F , and when these asymptote values are chosen to be different, the smaller value is in the range y≦-12 mm, particularly c o =3 d o =1 m o =30 and ##EQU28##

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 145 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claim 2, characterized in that ρ(φ,y) is determined from ρ(φ,y) cos φ=ρ*(φ*,y) cos φ*+(r.sub.F -a(y)) ρ(φ,y) sin φ=ρ*(φ*,y) sin φ* ##EQU29## wherein f(y)=ρ(0,y) curve of principal meridian M f*(y)=f(y)-(r F -a(y)) r F =radius of curvature of said surface in said far reference point B F r N =radius of curvature of said surface in said near reference point B N ##EQU30## wherein c o , d o , m o , are chosen such that a(y) for y≧6 mm±2% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→+∞, for y≦-12 mm±2% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→-∞, these asymptote values are between r N and r F , and when these asymptote values are chosen to be different, the smaller value is in the range y≦-12 mm, particularly c o =3 d o =1 m o =30 and ##EQU31##

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 146 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claim 2, characterized in that ρ(φ,y) is determined from ρ(φ,y) cos φ=ρ*(φ*,y) cos φ*+(r.sub.F -a(y)) ρ(φ,y) sin φ=ρ*(φ*,y) sin φ* ##EQU32## wherein f(y)=ρ(0,y) curve of principal meridian M f*(y)=f(y)-(r F -a(y)) r F =radius of curvature of said surface in said far reference point B F r N =radius of curvature of said surface in said near reference point B N ##EQU33## wherein c o , d o , m o , are chosen such that a(y) for y≧6 mm±5% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→+∞, for y≦-12 mm±5% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→-∞, these asymptote values are between 5r N /4 and r F , and when these asymptote values are chosen to be different, the smaller value is in the range y≦-12 mm, particularly c o =3 d o =1 m o =30 and ##EQU34##

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 146 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claim 2, characterized in that ρ(φ,y) is determined from ρ(φ,y) cos φ=ρ*(φ*,y) cos φ*+(r.sub.F -a(y)) ρ(φ,y) sin φ=ρ*(φ*,y) sin φ* ##EQU35## wherein f(y)=ρ(0,y) curve of principal meridian M f*(y)=f(y)-(r F -a(y)) r F =radius of curvature of said surface in said far reference point B F r N =radius of curvature of said surface in said near reference point B N ##EQU36## wherein c o , d o , m o , are chosen such that a(y) for y≧6 mm±2% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→+∞, for y≦-12 mm±2% corresponds to its asymptote value for y→-∞, these asymptote values are between 5r N /4 and r F , and when these asymptote values are chosen to be different, the smaller value is in the range y≦-12 mm, particularly c o =3 d o =1 m o =30 and ##EQU37##

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 82 words

A lens as in claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, wherein ρ(0,y) -1 ≡f(y) -1 up to ±5%, ##EQU38## wherein the values of A, c, d, m are taken from the following table: ______________________________________ A c [cm.sup.-1 ] d [cm] m ______________________________________ 1,0 2,29 2,19 30 1,5 2,59 2,02 30 2,0 2,80 1,93 30 2,5 2,96 1,87 30 3,0 3,09 1,82 30 ______________________________________ and the numerical values of c, d, m for intermediate values of A.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 82 words

A lens as in claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10, wherein ρ(0,y) -1 ≡f(y) -1 up to ±2%, ##EQU39## wherein the values of A, c, d, m are taken from the following table: ______________________________________ A c [cm.sup.-1 ] d [cm] m ______________________________________ 1,0 2,29 2,19 30 1,5 2,59 2,02 30 2,0 2,80 1,93 30 2,5 2,96 1,87 30 3,0 3,09 1,82 30 ______________________________________ and the numerical values of c, d, m for intermediate values of A.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 193 words

A lens for eyeglasses, comprising a surface having an upper distance vision portion FT containing a far reference point B F and given average distance-vision portion surface refractive powers D F , said surface having a lower near-vision portion NT containing a near reference point B N given average near-vision surface refractive powers D N , said surface having a progression region PB located between said distance portion FT and said near portion NT with average surface refractive powers D P which effect a smooth transition from said distance portion FT to said near portion NT, said surface being divided into a temporal portion and a nasal portion by a principal meridian M which forms an umbilical point line, characterized in that said surface fits the following equation in a cylindrical system of coordinates (y,ρ,φ): ##EQU40## wherein a n (y) for n>>2 equals zero and ρ(φ,y) is an umbilical point line and the curve f(y) of the principal meridian (M) describes, a.sub.o (y)=f(y)+g(y)/k.sup.2 (y) a.sub.1 (y)=-g(y)/k.sup.2 (y) ##EQU41## and k(y) is a monotonously ascending function from the near portion (NT) to the distance portion (FT) or a number constant over the entire surface.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 193 words

A lens for eyeglasses, comprising a surface having an upper distance vision portion FT containing a far reference point B F and given average distance-vision portion surface refractive powers D F , said surface having a lower near-vision portion NT containing a near reference point B N given average near-vision surface refractive powers D N , said surface having a progression region PB located between said distance portion FT and said near portion NT with average surface refractive powers D P which effect a smooth transition from said distance portion FT to said near portion NT, said surface being divided into a temporal portion and a nasal portion by a principal meridian M which forms an umbilical point line, characterized in that said surface fits the following equation in a cylindrical system of coordinates (y,ρ,φ): ##EQU40## wherein a n (y) for n>>2 equals zero and ρ(φ,y) is an umbilical point line and the curve f(y) of the principal meridian (M) describes, a.sub.o (y)=f(y)+g(y)/k.sup.2 (y) a.sub.1 (y)=-g(y)/k.sup.2 (y) ##EQU41## and k(y) is a monotonously ascending function from the near portion (NT) to the distance portion (FT) or a number constant over the entire surface.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 130 words

A lens for eyeglasses as in claim 13, characterized in that the progress of curvature ##EQU42## of the principal meridian (M) of the equation F(y)=A[1-(1+e.sup.-c(y+d)).sup.-m ] is sufficient, in which A=D.sub.N -D.sub.F and the values c, d, m are selected such that the far reference point B F lies 6 mm above the center point 0 of the surface, is constant above the far reference point B F of the average surface refraction power D F along the principal meridian M up to ±0.05 [dpt], the near reference point (B N ) lies 12 mm below the center point 0 of the surface, and below the near reference point (B N ) the average surface refraction power D N along the principal meridian (M) is constant up to ±0.05 [dpt].

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 20 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claim 13, characterized in that k(y) lies in the range of 3 to 10.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 20 words

A lens for eyeglasses as in claim 14, characterized in that k(y) lies in the range of 3 to 10.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 16 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claims 13, 14, 15, or 16, characterized in that ##EQU43##

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 16 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claims 13, 14, 15 or 16, characterized in that ##EQU44##

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 78 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claim 14, characterized in that for a tolerance range of ±5% for F(y) the parameter values of F(y) can be taken from the following table: ______________________________________ A c [cm.sup.-1 ] d [cm] m ______________________________________ 1,0 2,29 2,19 30 1,5 2,59 2,02 30 2,0 2,80 1,93 30 2,5 2,96 1,87 30 3,0 3,09 1,82 30, ______________________________________ wherein for intermediate values of A the numerical values of c, d, m are to be interpolated.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 73 words

A lens for eyeglasses according to claim 14, characterized in that for a tolerance range of ±2% for F(y) can be taken from the following table: ______________________________________ A c [cm.sup.-1 ] d [cm] m ______________________________________ 1,0 2,29 2,19 30 1,5 2,59 2,02 30 2,0 2,80 1,93 30 2,5 2,96 1,87 30 3,0 3,09 1,82 30, ______________________________________ wherein for intermediate values of A the numerical values of c, d, m are to be interpolated.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1985-02-15	1985-08-17	1986-02-16	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1989-02-15	1989-08-17	1990-02-16	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1993-02-15	1993-08-17	1994-02-16	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Progressive power ophthalmic lens

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