Photographic lighting apparatus

Claim 2

Photographic lighting apparatus for use with a photographic camera having an optical axis and a given angular field of view to provide a beam of illumination to preferentially illuminate a photographic scene within the camera field of view, said apparatus comprising: a housing including means for facilitating the attachment of said apparatus to the camera in a predetermined manner;

Claim 3

a source of illumination for projecting light about an axis therethrough, said source of illumination being positioned within said housing in a predetermined manner and being structured so that light directly emanating therefrom fills a solid angle that is larger than is necessary to illuminate the camera angle field of view; and means for receiving light from said source of illumination which would otherwise not directly illuminate subject matter within the camera angular field of view and directing such light into a beam of illumination of predetermined angular divergence which is generally coextensive with the camera field of view when said apparatus is mounted on the camera, said beam of illumination operating to increase the total amount of light falling on a scene to be photographed compared with the amount of direct light from said source that would otherwise illuminate a scene absent said light directing means and having an angular distribution in the intensity of its illumination which is asymmetric about said source projection axis when measured in at least one reference plane through said source projection axis and parallel to the general direction of projection of said beam, said angular intensity distribution of said beam in said reference plane decreasing in correspondence with angle on one side of said source projection axis at a faster rate than on the opposite side thereof so that points in a photographic scene, spaced ahead of the camera and located on one side of the camera optical axis, are more intensely illuminated than equidistant correspondingly located scene points on the other side of the camera optical axis, said asymmetric distribution of illumination operating to increase the illumination range of said apparatus with respect to subject matter located on the side of the camera optical axis which is more intensely illuminated.

Claim 4

a source of illumination for projecting light about an axis therethrough, said source of illumination being positioned within said housing in a predetermined manner and being structured so that light directly emanating therefrom fills a solid angle that is larger than is necessary to illuminate the camera angle field of view; and means for receiving light from said source of illumination which would otherwise not directly illuminate subject matter within the camera angular field of view and directing such light into a beam of illumination of predetermined angular divergence which is generally coextensive with the camera field of view when said apparatus is mounted on the camera, said beam of illumination operating to increase the total amount of light falling on a scene to be photographed compared with the amount of direct light from said source that would otherwise illuminate a scene absent said light directing means and having an angular distribution in the intensity of its illumination which is asymmetric about said source projection axis when measured in at least one reference plane through said source projection axis and parallel to the general direction of projection of said beam, said angular intensity distribution of said beam in said reference plane decreasing in correspondence with angle on one side of said source projection axis at a faster rate than on the opposite side thereof so that points in a photographic scene, spaced ahead of the camera and located on one side of the camera optical axis, are more intensely illuminated than equidistant correspondingly located scene points on the other side of the camera optical axis, said asymmetric distribution of illumination operating to increase the illumination range of said apparatus with respect to subject matter located on the side of the camera optical axis which is more intensely illuminated.

Claim 5

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said illumination source comprises an elongated, cylindrical tube and wherein said light directing means comprises an elongated, open-ended, concave reflector of given width which surrounds said tube and has a constant cross-section as measured in planes perpendicular to its elongated dimension, said reflector cross-section having a shape in the form of a complex curve that is asymmetric about said source projection axis, said reflector curve shape having optical power which changes with distance along said curve and being selected so that the optical power thereof on one side of said source projection axis changes at a faster rate than the optical power on the other side of said source projection axis to provide said asymmetric illumination distribution pattern of said apparatus.

Claim 6

The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said source projection axis is offset with respect to the camera optical axis.

Claim 7

The apparatus of claim 2 further including a cylindrical lens positioned to receive light emerging from said reflector open end and structured to direct light intercepted thereby toward said reference plane so that the intensity of illumination of scene points correspondingly located on either side of said reference plane is increased by equal amounts compared to what the intensity of illumination would be absent said cylindrical lens such that the overall amount of illumination on a scene is increased and the angular distribution of illumination on either side of said reference plane is symmetric thereabout.

Claim 8

The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said cylindrical lens is a Fresnel lens of predetermined focal length.

Claim 9

Photographic camera apparatus comprising: a housing including means for defining an exposure area at a focal plane in which film may be positioned for exposure; a variable focus objective taking lens having an optical axis and mounted within said housing so that a real image of a scene to be photographed may be formed on said focal plane by said objective taking lens, said objective taking lens and said exposure area at said focal plane cooperating to provide a field of view for said camera; a source of illumination for projecting light about an axis therethrough, said source of illumination being positioned within said housing in a predetermined manner and being structured so that light directly emanating therefrom fills a solid angle that is larger than is necessary to illuminate the camera angle field of view; and means for receiving light from said source of illumination which would otherwise not directly illuminate subject matter within the camera angular field of view and directing such light into a beam of illumination of predetermined angular divergence which is generally coextensive with the camera field of view, said beam of illumination operating to increase the total amount of light falling on a scene to be photographed compared with the amount of direct light from said source that would otherwise illuminate a scene absent said light directing means and having an angular distribution in the intensity of its illumination which is asymmetric about said source projection axis when measured in at least one reference plane through said source projection axis and parallel to the general direction of projection of said beam, said angular intensity distribution of said beam in said reference plane decreasing in correspondence with angle on one side of said source projection axis at a faster rate than on the opposite side thereof so that points in a photographic scene, spaced ahead of the camera and located on one side of the camera optical axis, are more intensely illuminated than equidistant correspondingly located scene points on the other side of the camera optical axis, said asymmetric distribution of illumination operating to increase the illumination range of said apparatus with respect to subject matter located on the side of the camera optical axis which is more intensely illuminated.

Claim 10

Photographic camera apparatus comprising: a housing including means for defining an exposure area at a focal plane in which film may be positioned for exposure; a variable focus objective taking lens having an optical axis and mounted within said housing so that a real image of a scene to be photographed may be formed on said focal plane by said objective taking lens, said objective taking lens and said exposure area at said focal plane cooperating to provide a field of view for said camera; a source of illumination for projecting light about an axis therethrough, said source of illumination being positioned within said housing in a predetermined manner and being structured so that light directly emanating therefrom fills a solid angle that is larger than is necessary to illuminate the camera angle field of view; and means for receiving light from said source of illumination which would otherwise not directly illuminate subject matter within the camera angular field of view and directing such light into a beam of illumination of predetermined angular divergence which is generally coextensive with the camera field of view, said beam of illumination operating to increase the total amount of light falling on a scene to be photographed compared with the amount of direct light from said source that would otherwise illuminate a scene absent said light directing means and having an angular distribution in the intensity of its illumination which is asymmetric about said source projection axis when measured in at least one reference plane through said source projection axis and parallel to the general direction of projection of said beam, said angular intensity distribution of said beam in said reference plane decreasing in correspondence with angle on one side of said source projection axis at a faster rate than on the opposite side thereof so that points in a photographic scene, spaced ahead of the camera and located on one side of the camera optical axis, are more intensely illuminated than equidistant correspondingly located scene points on the other side of the camera optical axis, said asymmetric distribution of illumination operating to increase the illumination range of said apparatus with respect to subject matter located on the side of the camera optical axis which is more intensely illuminated.

Claim 11

The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said illumination source comprises an elongated, cylindrical tube and wherein said light directing means comprises an elongated, open-ended, concave reflector of given width which surrounds said tube and has a constant cross-section as measured in planes perpendicular to its elongated dimension, said reflector cross-section having a shape in the form of a complex curve that is asymmetric about said source projection axis, said reflector curve shape having optical power which changes with distance along said curve and being selected so that optical power thereof on one side of said source projection axis changes at a faster rate than the optical power on the other side of said source projection axis to provide said asymmetric illumination distribution pattern of said apparatus.

Claim 12

The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said source projection axis is offset with respect to the camera optical axis.

Claim 13

The apparatus of claim 7 further including a cylindrical lens positioned to receive light emerging from said reflector open end and structured to direct light intercepted thereby toward said reference plane so that the intensity of illumination of scene points correspondingly located on either side of said reference plane is increased by equal amounts compared to what the intensity of illumination would be absent said cylindrical lens such that the overall amount of illumination on a scene is increased and the angular distribution of illumination on either side of said reference plane is symmetric thereabout.

Claim 14

The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said cylindrical lens is a Fresnel lens of predetermined focal length.