US4303732A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Hollow microspheres
Assignee: Carvellas Perry
•
Filing: 1979-12-13
•
Granted: 1981-12-01
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Expires: 1999-12-13
Abstract
Abstract Hollow glass microspheres made from a low heat conductivity glass composition containing a high vacuum and a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres are described. The hollow glass microspheres are used to make superior insulation materials in the construction of highly efficient solar energy collectors. The hollow glass microspheres can also be made to contain a thin transparent or reflective metal coating deposited on the inner wall surface of the microspheres by adding to the blowing gas small dispersed metal particles and/or gases of organo metal compounds and decomposing the organo metal compounds. The hollow glass microspheres can be made from low heat conductivity glass compositions. The microspheres can be used to make improved insulation materials and composites and insulating systems. The hollow glass microspheres can be used as filler materials in plastics, in plastic foam compositions and in concrete and asphalt compositions. The hollow glass microspheres can also be made in the form of filamented glass microspheres with a thin glass filament connecting adjacent glass microspheres.
Inventors
- 👤 Leonard B. Torobin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 21:13
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B20/00; C04B20/10; C04B20/1055; B; B29; B29C; B29C49/00; B29C49/0042; B29C49/42; B29C49/46; B29C70/00; B29C70/58; C03; C03B; C03B19/00; C03B19/10; C03B19/107; C03B19/1075; C04B14/00; C04B14/02; C04B14/04; C04B14/22; C04B14/24; F; F24; F24S; F24S80/00; F24S80/50; F24S80/52; F24S80/525; B22; B22F; B22F9/00; B22F9/02; B22F9/06; B22F9/08; B22F9/082; B22F2009/088; B29C2049/4602; B29C2049/4605; B29C2049/465; B29C2049/4664; B29C2049/4673; B29C2049/4699; C03B2203/00; C03B2203/10; C03B2203/14; C03B2203/16; F25; F25D; F25D2201/00; F25D2201/10; F25D2201/14; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E10/00; Y02E10/40; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/26; Y10T428/261; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991; Y10T428/2998
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 55
Claim 1
Independent Claim
62 words
Hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
62 words
Hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
62 words
Hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
62 words
Hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 2 having a contained gas pressure of 5 to 100 p.s.i.a.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 2 having deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal coating 50 to 600° A. thick.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 2 having a diameter of 500 to 3,000 microns and a wall thickness of 0.5 to 200 microns.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 2 wherein the microspheres have an average bulk density of 0.5 to 10 lb/ft 3 .
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
8 words
A mass of the microspheres of claim 2.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 2 having an oblate spheroid shape.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
93 words
Filamented, hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.1 to 1000 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made, and said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases, and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections and bubbles.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
93 words
Filamented, hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.1 to 1000 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made, and said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases, and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections and bubbles.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
93 words
Filamented, hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 500 to 6000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made, and said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases, and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections and bubbles.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
93 words
Filamented, hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 500 to 6000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made, and said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases, and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections and bubbles.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 10 wherein the length of the connecting filaments is substantially equal and is 2 to 20 times the diameter of the microspheres.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
32 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 10 wherein the length of the connecting filaments is substantially equal and the diameter of the connecting filaments is 1/2500 to 1/20 the diameter of the microspheres.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
59 words
Hollow glass microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
59 words
Hollow glass microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
59 words
Hollow glass microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
59 words
Hollow glass microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections, sealing tips and bubbles.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
16 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 14 having a contained gas pressure of 5 to 100 p.s.i.a.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 14 having a thin metal coating deposited on the inner wall surfaces of the microspheres consisting of a layer of dispersed metal particles 50 to 5000° A thick.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 14 having deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal coating 50 to 600° A thick.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 14 having a high contained vacuum of 10 -4 to 10 -6 Torrs.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 17 wherein the deposited metal is zinc less than 100° A thick and is transparent to visible light.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 17 wherein the deposited metal is zinc more than 100° A thick and is reflective of visible light.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 14 having a diameter of 500 to 3000 microns and a wall thickness of 0.5 to 200 microns.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
18 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 14 having an average bulk density of 0.5 to 10 lb/ft 3 .
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
8 words
A mass of the microspheres of claim 14.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
11 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 14 having an oblate spheroid shape.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
26 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 14 wherein there is deposited on the inner wall surfaces a thin metal transparent coating 25 to 95° A thick.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
27 words
The hollow glass microspheres of claim 14 wherein there is deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal reflective coating 105 to 800° A thick.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
43 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 14 wherein the microspheres have a high contained vacuum of 10 -4 to 10 -6 Torrs and have deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal coating consisting of metallic zinc 180 to 275° A thick.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
39 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 14 wherein the microspheres have a high contained vacuum of 10 -4 to 10 -6 Torrs and have deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal coating 150 to 400° A thick.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
90 words
Filamented, hollow glass microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.1 to 1000 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made, and said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections and bubbles.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
90 words
Filamented, hollow glass microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.1 to 1000 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made, and said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections and bubbles.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
90 words
Filamented, hollow glass microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 500 to 6000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made, and said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases, and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections and bubbles.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
90 words
Filamented, hollow glass microspheres of substantially uniform diameter of 500 to 6000 microns and of substantially uniform wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made, and said microspheres are free of latent solid or liquid blowing gas materials or gases, and the walls of said microspheres are substantially free of holes, relatively thinned wall portions or sections and bubbles.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
16 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 30 having a contained gas pressure of 5 to 100 p.s.i.a.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 30 having deposited on the inner wall surfaces thereof a thin metal coating 50 to 600° A thick.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
18 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 30 having a high contained vacuum of 10 -4 to 10 -6 Torrs.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 32 wherein the deposited metal is zinc less than 100° A thick and is transparent to visible light.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
23 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 32 wherein the deposited metal is zinc more than 100° A thick and is reflective of visible light.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
8 words
A mass of the microspheres of claim 30.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
11 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 30 having an oblate spheroid shape.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
27 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 30 wherein the length of the connecting filaments is substantially equal and is 2 to 20 times the diameter of the microspheres.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
32 words
The hollow microspheres of claim 30 wherein the length of the connecting filaments is substantially equal and the diameter of the connecting filament is 1/2500 to 1/20 the diameter of the microspheres.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
56 words
Filamented, hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and having a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1000 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
56 words
Filamented, hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and having a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1000 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
57 words
Filamented, hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres having a diameter of 500 to 6000 microns and having a wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
57 words
Filamented, hollow inorganic film forming material microspheres having a diameter of 500 to 6000 microns and having a wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
54 words
Filamented, hollow glass microspheres having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and having a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
54 words
Filamented, hollow glass microspheres having a diameter of 200 to 10,000 microns and having a wall thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
55 words
Filamented, hollow glass microspheres having a uniform diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns and having a wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
55 words
Filamented, hollow glass microspheres having a uniform diameter of 500 to 6,000 microns and having a wall thickness of 0.5 to 400 microns, wherein said microspheres are connected to each other by filament portions which are continuous with the microspheres and are of the same inorganic film forming material from which the microspheres are made.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-11-30 | 1985-06-01 | 1985-12-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-11-30 | 1989-06-01 | 1989-12-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-11-30 | 1993-06-01 | 1993-12-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |