US4298663A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Predischarged nonaqueous cell
Assignee: Duracell Inc USA
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Filing: 1979-11-05
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Granted: 1981-11-03
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Expires: 1999-11-05
Abstract
Abstract An electrochemical cell containing a decomposing electrolyte solvent, further contains small amounts of an additive material such as lithium sulfide which causes partial self discharge of the cathode of the cell with non-reactive products. The self discharge partially deactivates substantially all of the active cathode surface as a reaction site thereby reducing the decomposition of the electrolyte solvent.
Inventors
- 👤 Peter R. Moses
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 07:36
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/36; H01M4/48; H01M4/483; H01M4/06; H01M4/50; H01M4/502; H01M6/00; H01M6/14; H01M6/16; H01M6/50; H01M6/162; H01M6/168; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10; Y10; Y10T; Y10T29/00; Y10T29/49; Y10T29/49002; Y10T29/49108
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
97 words
A method of stabilizing an electrochemical cell having an active metal anode, a solid active cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte, said method comprising the step of placing a cathode discharging additive within said cell, said additive being at least partially soluble in said electrolyte and in sufficient quantity to self discharge substantially all of the surface of said active cathode prior to initial discharge of said cell, wherein reaction products of said self discharge are substantially non-reactive within said cell and wherein said additive is placed within said cell by dissolving said additive in said nonaqueous electrolyte.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
97 words
A method of stabilizing an electrochemical cell having an active metal anode, a solid active cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte, said method comprising the step of placing a cathode discharging additive within said cell, said additive being at least partially soluble in said electrolyte and in sufficient quantity to self discharge substantially all of the surface of said active cathode prior to initial discharge of said cell, wherein reaction products of said self discharge are substantially non-reactive within said cell and wherein said additive is placed within said cell by dissolving said additive in said nonaqueous electrolyte.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said quantity of said additive is of a magnitude whereby no more than 5% of the capacity of said active cathode is self discharged thereby.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
44 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said active cathode is comprised of a member of the group consisting of beta-MnO 2 , TiO 2 , SnO, MoO 3 , V 2 O 5 , CrO 3 , PbO and Fe 2 O 3 .
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 3 wherein said active cathode comprises beta-MnO 2 .
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 4 wherein said nonaqueous electrolyte is comprised of a member of the group consisting of propylene carbonate, dimethoxyethane and mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 5 wherein said nonaqueous electrolyte further includes an electrolyte salt comprised of LiClO 4 .
Claim 8
Independent Claim
127 words
A method of stabilizing an electrochemical cell having an active metal anode, a solid active cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte, said method comprising the step of placing a cathode discharging additive within said cell, said additive being at least partially soluble in said electrolyte and in sufficient quantity to self discharge substantially all of the surface of said active cathode prior to initial discharge of said cell, wherein reaction products of said self discharge are substantially non-reactive within said cell and wherein said additive comprises a member selected from the group comsisting of Li 2 S, Na 2 S, K 2 S, MgS, CaS, Li 2 Se, Na 2 Se, K 2 Se, MgSe, CaSe, Li 2 Te, Na 2 Te, K 2 Te, MgTe and CaTe.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
127 words
A method of stabilizing an electrochemical cell having an active metal anode, a solid active cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte, said method comprising the step of placing a cathode discharging additive within said cell, said additive being at least partially soluble in said electrolyte and in sufficient quantity to self discharge substantially all of the surface of said active cathode prior to initial discharge of said cell, wherein reaction products of said self discharge are substantially non-reactive within said cell and wherein said additive comprises a member selected from the group comsisting of Li 2 S, Na 2 S, K 2 S, MgS, CaS, Li 2 Se, Na 2 Se, K 2 Se, MgSe, CaSe, Li 2 Te, Na 2 Te, K 2 Te, MgTe and CaTe.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said additive is placed within said cell by mixing said additive with said solid active cathode.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 8 wherein said quantity of additive is 2% or less of the weight of said active cathode.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said quantity of additive is 0.5% or less of the weight of said active cathode.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said additive comprises Li 2 S.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
108 words
A method of stabilizing an electrochemical cell having a lithium anode, a beta-MnO 2 cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte comprising the step of mixing an additive selected from the group consisting of Li 2 S, Na 2 S, K 2 S, MgS, CaS, Li 2 Se, Na 2 Se, K 2 Se, MgSe, CaSe, Li 2 Te, Na 2 Te, K 2 Te, MgTe and CaTe with said beta-MnO 2 , said additive being of sufficient quantity to self discharge substantially all of the surface area of said beta-MnO 2 but less than sufficient to self discharge more than 5% of the capacity of said beta-MnO 2 .
Claim 15
Independent Claim
108 words
A method of stabilizing an electrochemical cell having a lithium anode, a beta-MnO 2 cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte comprising the step of mixing an additive selected from the group consisting of Li 2 S, Na 2 S, K 2 S, MgS, CaS, Li 2 Se, Na 2 Se, K 2 Se, MgSe, CaSe, Li 2 Te, Na 2 Te, K 2 Te, MgTe and CaTe with said beta-MnO 2 , said additive being of sufficient quantity to self discharge substantially all of the surface area of said beta-MnO 2 but less than sufficient to self discharge more than 5% of the capacity of said beta-MnO 2 .
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said additive comprises Li 2 S.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said quantity is 0.5% or less of the weight of said beta-MnO 2 .
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 14 wherein said nonaqueous electrolyte comprises a member of the group consisting of propylene carbonate, dimethoxyethane and mixtures thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 15 wherein said nonaqueous electrolyte further includes an electrolyte salt comprised of LiClO 4 .
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
11 words
A cell made in accordance with the method of claim 14.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
A cell as in claim 17 wherein said cell is contained within a container comprised of aluminum.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
11 words
A cell made in accordance with the method of claim 13.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
11 words
A cell made in accordance with the method of claim 12.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
51 words
A method of lowering the open circuit voltage of an electrochemical cell comprising a lithium anode, a beta-MnO 2 cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte said method comprising the step of dissolving an additive said electrolyte said cell which additive partially self discharges said beta-MnO 2 , prior to initial cell discharge.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
51 words
A method of lowering the open circuit voltage of an electrochemical cell comprising a lithium anode, a beta-MnO 2 cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte said method comprising the step of dissolving an additive said electrolyte said cell which additive partially self discharges said beta-MnO 2 , prior to initial cell discharge.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
93 words
A method of lowering the open circuit-voltage of an electrochemical cell comprising a lithium anode, a beta-MnO 2 cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte said method comprising the step of placing an additive comprised of a member selected from the group consisting of Li 2 S, Na 2 S, K 2 S, MgS, CaS, Li 2 Se, Na 2 Se, K 2 Se, MgSe, CaSe, Li 2 Te, Na 2 Te, K 2 Te, MgTe, and CaTe, within said cell which additive partially self discharges said beta-MnO 2 , prior to initial cell discharge.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
93 words
A method of lowering the open circuit-voltage of an electrochemical cell comprising a lithium anode, a beta-MnO 2 cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte said method comprising the step of placing an additive comprised of a member selected from the group consisting of Li 2 S, Na 2 S, K 2 S, MgS, CaS, Li 2 Se, Na 2 Se, K 2 Se, MgSe, CaSe, Li 2 Te, Na 2 Te, K 2 Te, MgTe, and CaTe, within said cell which additive partially self discharges said beta-MnO 2 , prior to initial cell discharge.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 22 wherein said additive comprises Li 2 S.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 23 wherein said Li 2 S does not self discharge more than 5% of the capacity of said beta-MnO 2 .
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-11-02 | 1985-05-04 | 1985-11-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-11-02 | 1989-05-04 | 1989-11-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-11-02 | 1993-05-04 | 1993-11-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |