US4298594A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Xenobiotic delivery vehicles, method of forming them and method of using them
Assignee: Arthur D Little Inc
•
Filing: 1980-04-04
•
Granted: 1981-11-03
•
Expires: 2000-04-04
Abstract
Abstract A vehicle suitable for delivering a xenobiotic to a mammalian host to beneficially alter the pharmacodynamics (e.g., plasma kinetics, chemotherapeutic effectiveness, toxicity, oral absorption, tissue distribution, metabolism and the like) of the xenobiotic. The delivery vehicle is in the form of microreservoirs formed of a phospholipid constituent and a phospholipid-immiscible constituent. Xenobiotic binding agents and release agents may be added. Methods for preparing the microreservoirs containing the xenobiotic and for administering a xenobiotic to beneficially alter its pharmacodynamics are disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Barry Sears
- 👤 David W. Yesair
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 04:22
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61K; A61K9/00; A61K9/10; A61K9/127; A61K9/1271
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 132
Claim 1
Independent Claim
152 words
A delivery vehicle incorporating a xenobiotic and being biocompatible with a mammalian host to deliver and release within the aqueous environment of said host said xenobiotic the pharocodynamics of which are beneficially altered by reason of its delivery by and release from said vehicle, said delivery vehicle being in the form of microreservoirs in nonvesicular form having diameters ranging between about 250 A and about 1000 A, vesicular form having diameters ranging between about 190 A and about 300 A, or both nonvesicular and vesicular form comprising a phospholipid constituent and a phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent present in an amount exceeding that which is miscible with said phospholipid constituent thereby imparting to said delivery vehicle a structure in which contact between said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent and said aqueous environment is minimized to impart to said delivery vehicle in vitro and in vivo stability, thereby providing for the controlled release of said xenobiotic therefrom.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
152 words
A delivery vehicle incorporating a xenobiotic and being biocompatible with a mammalian host to deliver and release within the aqueous environment of said host said xenobiotic the pharocodynamics of which are beneficially altered by reason of its delivery by and release from said vehicle, said delivery vehicle being in the form of microreservoirs in nonvesicular form having diameters ranging between about 250 A and about 1000 A, vesicular form having diameters ranging between about 190 A and about 300 A, or both nonvesicular and vesicular form comprising a phospholipid constituent and a phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent present in an amount exceeding that which is miscible with said phospholipid constituent thereby imparting to said delivery vehicle a structure in which contact between said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent and said aqueous environment is minimized to impart to said delivery vehicle in vitro and in vivo stability, thereby providing for the controlled release of said xenobiotic therefrom.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said microreservoirs are in vesicular form having diameters ranging between about 190 A and about 300 A.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said microreservoirs are in nonvesicular form having diameters ranging between about 250 A and about 1000 A.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said microreservoirs are in both nonvesicular and vesicular forms.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said microreservoirs comprise between about 50 mole % and about 97 mole % of said phospholipid constituent.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said microreservoirs comprises a xenobiotic binding modifier.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said xenobiotic binding modifier is phosphatidic acid forming a minor portion of said phospholipid constituent.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said xenobiotic binding modifier is cholesterol.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said microreservoirs comprises a xenobiotic release-rate control agent.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
25 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 9 wherein said xenobiotic release-rate control agent is a lipid miscible with said phospholipid constituent of said microreservoirs.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 10 wherein said lipid is cholesterol.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said phospholipid constituent comprises phosphatidyl choline.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
40 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said phospholipid constituent comprises a mixture of phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidic acid, said phosphatidic acid being present in said mixture in an amount equivalent to at least about 5 mole %.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent comprises a cholesterol ester of a fatty acid having between 10 and 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 14 wherein said cholesterol ester is cholesteryl oleate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent comprises a triglyceride.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 16 wherein said triglyceride is glycerol trioleate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said xenobiotic is a drug.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
15 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 18 wherein said drug is a chemotherapeutic drug.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
16 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 19 wherein said drug is a cancer chemotherapeutic drug.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 20 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is an anthracycline.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 21 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is daunomycin.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 21 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic is adriamycin.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
15 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 21 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is N-trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 18 wherein said drug is a parasiticide.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
13 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 25 wherein said parasiticide is imidocarb.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
16 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 18 wherein said drug is a fertility control agent.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
16 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 27 wherein said fertility control agent is estradiol undecanoate.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
22 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said xenobiotic is a drug, the plasma kinetics of which are beneficially altered.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
22 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said xenobiotic is a drug, the chemotherapeutic effectiveness of which is beneficially altered.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
21 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said xenobiotic is a drug, the toxicity of which is beneficially altered.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
29 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 1 wherein said xenobiotic is a drug, the oral absorption, and hence its ability to pass the gastrointestinal tract, is beneficially altered.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
122 words
A method of forming a delivery vehicle for delivering to and releasing within the aqueous environment of a mammalian host a xenobiotic, the pharmocodynamics of which are predeterminably altered and controlled comprising forming microreservoirs of a composition comprising a phospholipid constituents and a phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent present in an amount exceeding that which is miscible with said phospholipid constituent to form said microreservoirs having a structure in which contact between said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent and said aqueous environment is minimized to impart to said delivery vehicle said microreservoirs being in nonvesicular form having diameters ranging between about 250 A and about 1000 A, vesicular form having diameters ranging between about 190 A and about 300 A, or both nonvesicular and vesicular forms.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
122 words
A method of forming a delivery vehicle for delivering to and releasing within the aqueous environment of a mammalian host a xenobiotic, the pharmocodynamics of which are predeterminably altered and controlled comprising forming microreservoirs of a composition comprising a phospholipid constituents and a phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent present in an amount exceeding that which is miscible with said phospholipid constituent to form said microreservoirs having a structure in which contact between said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent and said aqueous environment is minimized to impart to said delivery vehicle said microreservoirs being in nonvesicular form having diameters ranging between about 250 A and about 1000 A, vesicular form having diameters ranging between about 190 A and about 300 A, or both nonvesicular and vesicular forms.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
100 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said step of forming said microreservoirs comprises (a) forming with a solvent a solution of said phospholipid constituent and of said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent; (b) removing said solvent to produce a dry residue mixture of said phospholipid constituent and said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent; (c) hydrating said dry residue mixture with a physiologically-compatible liquid to form a suspension; (d) sonicating said suspension under a nonoxidizing atmosphere at a temperature at least equivalent to the melting point of said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent to form said microreservoirs; and (e) separating out said microreservoirs thus formed.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method in accordance with claim 34 wherein said step of incorporating said xenobiotic within said microreservoirs comprises adding said xenobiotic to said solution in step (a).
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method in accordance with claim 34 wherein said step of incorporating said xenobiotic within said microreservoirs comprises adding said xenobiotic to said suspension of step (c) prior to said sonicating.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method in accordance with claim 34 wherein said step of separating out said microreservoirs thus formed comprises centrifuging the sonicated suspension and chromatographing the clear phase resulting from said centrifuging to provide a series of chromatographed fractions.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
54 words
A method in accordance with claim 37 further including the step of separating those of said chromatographed fractions containing said microreservoirs in vesicular form having diameters ranging between about 190 A and 300 A from those fractions containing said microreservoirs in nonvesicular form having diameter ranging between about 250 A and about 1000 A.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method in accordance with claim 34 including the step of adding a xenobiotic binding modifier to said solution.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said xenobiotic binding modifier is phosphatidic acid forming a minor portion of said phospholipid constituent.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said xenobiotic binding modifier is cholesterol.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method in accordance with claim 34 including the step of adding a xenobiotic release-rate control agent to said solution.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method in accordance with claim 42 wherein said xenobiotic release-rate control agent is a lipid miscible with said phospholipid-constituent of said microreservoirs.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said phospholipid constituent comprises phosphatidyl choline.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said phospholipid constituent comprises a mixture of phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidic acid, said phosphatidic acid being present in said mixture in an amount equivalent to at least about 5 mole %.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent comprises a cholesterol ester of a fatty acid having between 10 and 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 46 wherein said cholesterol ester is cholesteryl oleate.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent comprises a triglyceride.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method in accordance with claim 48 wherein said triglyceride is glycerol trioleate.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said xenobiotic is a drug.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 50 wherein said drug is a chemotherapeutic drug.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 51 wherein said drug is a cancer chemotherapeutic drug.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 52 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is an anthracycline.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 52 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is daunomycin.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 53 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is adriamycin.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 53 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is N-trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method in accordance with claim 50 wherein said drug is a parasiticide.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method in accordance with claim 57 wherein said parasiticide is imidocarb.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 50 wherein said drug is a fertility control agent.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 59 wherein said fertility control agent is estradiol undecanoate.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said xenobiotic is a drug, the plasma kinetics of which are beneficially altered.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said xenobiotic is a drug, the chemotherapeutic effectiveness of which is beneficially altered.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said xenobiotic is a drug, the toxicity of which is beneficially altered.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said xenobiotic is a drug, the oral absorption, and hence its ability to pass the gastrointestinal tract, is beneficially altered.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said step of forming said microreservoirs comprises (1) forming in a water-miscible organic solvent a solution of said phospholipid constituent and said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent; (2) injecting said solution into said physiologically-compatible liquid under conditions to form said microreservoirs.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method in accordance with claim 65 wherein said step of incorporating said xenobiotic within said microreservoirs comprises adding said xenobiotic to said solution.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 65 wherein said step of incorporating said xenobiotic within said microreservoirs comprises adding said xenobiotic to said physiologically-compatible liquid.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 including the step of suspending said microreservoirs containing said xenobiotic in a physiologically-compatible liquid thereby providing said xenobiotic in liquid dosage form.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 including the step of encapsulating said microreservoirs containing said xenobiotic in a capsule formed of a physiologically-acceptable material.
Claim 72
Independent Claim
138 words
A method of controllably delivering to and releasing a xenobiotic within the aqueous environment of a mammalian host, comprising introducing into said mammalian host a pharmaceutically effective amount of a xenobiotic contained within microreservoirs, said microreservoirs being in nonvesicular form having diameters ranging between about 250 A and about 1000 A, vesicular form having diameters ranging between about 190 A and about 300 A or both nonvesicular and vesicular forms and formed of a phospholipid constituent and a phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent present in an amount exceeding that which is miscible with said phospholipid constituent thereby imparting to said delivery vehicle a structure in which contact between said phospholipid immiscible lipid constituent and said aqueous environment is minimized to impart to said microreservoirs in vitro and in vivo stability, thereby providing for the controlled release of said xenobiotic therefrom.
Claim 73
Independent Claim
138 words
A method of controllably delivering to and releasing a xenobiotic within the aqueous environment of a mammalian host, comprising introducing into said mammalian host a pharmaceutically effective amount of a xenobiotic contained within microreservoirs, said microreservoirs being in nonvesicular form having diameters ranging between about 250 A and about 1000 A, vesicular form having diameters ranging between about 190 A and about 300 A or both nonvesicular and vesicular forms and formed of a phospholipid constituent and a phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent present in an amount exceeding that which is miscible with said phospholipid constituent thereby imparting to said delivery vehicle a structure in which contact between said phospholipid immiscible lipid constituent and said aqueous environment is minimized to impart to said microreservoirs in vitro and in vivo stability, thereby providing for the controlled release of said xenobiotic therefrom.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said microreservoirs are in vesicular form having diameters ranging between about 190 A and about 300 A.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said microreservoirs are in nonvesicular form having diameters ranging between about 250 A and about 1000 A.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said microreservoirs are in both nonvesicular and vesicular forms.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said microreservoirs comprise between about 50 mole % and about 97 mole % of said phospholipid constituent.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said microreservoirs comprises a xenobiotic binding modifier.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method in accordance with claim 75 wherein said xenobiotic binding modifier is phosphatidic acid forming a minor portion of said phospholipid constituent.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 75 wherein said xenobiotic binding modifier is cholesterol.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method in accordance with claim 76 wherein said microreservoirs comprises a xenobiotic release-rate control agent.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method in accordance with claim 78 wherein said xenobiotic relase-rate control agent is a lipid miscible with said phospholipid constituent of said microreservoirs.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said phospholipid constituent comprises phosphatidyl choline.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said phospholipid constituent comprises a mixture of phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidic acid, said phosphatidic acid being present in said mixture in an amount equivalent to at least about 5 mole %.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent comprises a cholesterol ester of a fatty acid having between 10 and 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 82 wherein said cholesterol ester is cholesteryl oleate.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent comprises a triglyceride.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method in accordance with claim 84 wherein said triglyceride is glycerol trioleate.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said step of introducing said xenobiotic contained within said microreservoirs into said mammalian host comprises suspending said microreservoirs in a physiologically-compatible liquid.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 86 wherein said physiologically-compatible liquid is a saline solution.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method in accordance with claim 86 wherein said physiologically-compatible liquid is a dilute aqueous solution of KCl.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said xenobiotic is a drug.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 89 wherein said drug is a chemotherapeutic drug.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 90 wherein said drug is a cancer chemotherapeutic drug.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 91 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is an anthracycline.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 92 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is daunomycin.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 92 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is adriamycin.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 92 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is N-trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method in accordance with claim 89 wherein said drug is a parasiticide.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method in accordance with claim 96 wherein said parasiticide is imidocarb.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 89 wherein said drug is a fertility control agent.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 98 wherein said fertility control agent is estradiol undecanoate.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said step of introducing said xenobiotic contained within said microreservoirs into said mammalian host comprises administering orally, topically or by inhalation, or by intravenous, intramuscular, interperitoneal or subcutaneous injection.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method in accordance with claim 70 wherein said microreservoirs containing said xenobiotic are contained within a tablet or a capsule and said step of introducing into said mammalian host comprises administering said tablet or said capsule orally.
Claim 105
Independent Claim
133 words
A method of controlling the pharmacodynamics under which a xenobiotic is delivered within the aqueous environment of a mammalian host, comprising the step of releasing said xenobiotic within said host from circulating microreservoirs, said microreservoirs being in nonvesicular form having diameters ranging between about 250 A and about 1000 A, vesicular form having diameters ranging between about 190 A and about 300 A on both nonvesicular and vesicular form and formed of a phospholipid constituent and a phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent present in an amount exceeding that which is miscible with said phospholipid constituent thereby imparting to said delivery vehicle a structure in which contact between said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent and said aqueous environment is minimized to impart to said microreservoirs in vitro and in vivo stability, thereby controlling said pharmacodynamics of said xenobiotic.
Claim 106
Independent Claim
133 words
A method of controlling the pharmacodynamics under which a xenobiotic is delivered within the aqueous environment of a mammalian host, comprising the step of releasing said xenobiotic within said host from circulating microreservoirs, said microreservoirs being in nonvesicular form having diameters ranging between about 250 A and about 1000 A, vesicular form having diameters ranging between about 190 A and about 300 A on both nonvesicular and vesicular form and formed of a phospholipid constituent and a phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent present in an amount exceeding that which is miscible with said phospholipid constituent thereby imparting to said delivery vehicle a structure in which contact between said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent and said aqueous environment is minimized to impart to said microreservoirs in vitro and in vivo stability, thereby controlling said pharmacodynamics of said xenobiotic.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said xenobiotic is a drug.
Claim 108
Dependent Claim
14 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 103 wherein said drug is a parasiticide.
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
13 words
A delivery vehicle in accordance with claim 103 wherein said parasiticide is imidocarb.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said drug is a cancer chemotherapeutic drug.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 106 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is an anthracycline.
Claim 112
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 107 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is daunomycin.
Claim 113
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 107 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is adriamycin.
Claim 114
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 107 wherein said cancer chemotherapeutic drug is N-trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate.
Claim 115
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said xenobiotic is a fertility control agent.
Claim 116
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 111 wherein said fertility control agent is estradiol undecanoate.
Claim 117
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said circulating microreservoirs are in vesicular form having diameters ranging between about 190 A and about 300 A.
Claim 118
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said circulating microreservoirs are in nonvesicular form having diameters ranging between about 250 A and about 1000 A.
Claim 119
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said circulating microreservoirs are in both nonvesicular and vesicular forms.
Claim 120
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said circulating microreservoirs comprise between about 50 mole % and about 97 mole % of said phospholipid constituent.
Claim 121
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said circulating microreservoirs comprises a xenobiotic binding modifier.
Claim 122
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method in accordance with claim 117 wherein said xenobiotic binding modifier is phosphatidic acid forming a minor portion of said phospholipid constituent.
Claim 123
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 117 wherein said xenobiotic binding modifier is cholesterol.
Claim 124
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said circulating microreservoirs comprises a xenobiotic release-rate control agent.
Claim 125
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method in accordance with claim 120 wherein said xenobiotic release-rate control agent is a lipid-miscible with said phospholipid constituent of said microreservoirs.
Claim 126
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method in accordance with claim 121 wherein said lipid is cholesterol.
Claim 127
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said phospholipid constituent comprises phosphatidyl choline.
Claim 128
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said phospholipid constituent comprises a mixture of phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidic acid, said phosphatidic acid being present in said mixture in an amount equivalent to at least about 5 mole %.
Claim 129
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent comprises a cholesterol ester of a fatty acid having between 10 and 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 130
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 125 wherein said cholesterol ester is cholesteryl oleate.
Claim 131
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 102 wherein said phospholipid-immiscible lipid constituent comprises a triglyceride.
Claim 132
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method in accordance with claim 127 wherein said triglyceride is glycerol trioleate.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-11-02 | 1985-05-04 | 1985-11-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-11-02 | 1989-05-04 | 1989-11-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-11-02 | 1993-05-04 | 1993-11-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |