US4296207A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Antifreeze protection of roads
Assignee: Vodafone GmbH
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Filing: 1980-06-05
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Granted: 1981-10-20
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Expires: 2000-06-05
Abstract
Abstract Residue from dressing bauxite is mixed with NaCl and ground; polyurethane foam is ground and mixed with CaCl 2 ; a silicon organic compound and quartz powder is added to one or both of the ground mixtures; the grains are embedded in bituminous material or asphalt to be used for making a surface road, being protected against frost by these salts. Specific examples and method steps are described.
Inventors
- 👤 Werner Siegmund
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 01:11
CPC Classifications
E; E01; E01C; E01C11/00; E01C11/24; E01C11/245; C; C09; C09K; C09K3/00; C09K3/18; C09K3/185; E01C7/00; E01C7/08; E01C7/18; E01C7/182; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S106/00; Y10S106/07
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
108 words
An admixture for the surface layer of a road, comprising: a first and primary component thereof, being a granular, inorganic material, grains thereof being porous, in which the pore volume is at least 30 degrees, the pores containing a first antifreeze substance; a second and secondary component, being a granular, organic materal, the grains thereof also being porous and having a pore volume in excess of 30 degrees, the pores containing a second antifreeze substance; at least one of the components being made hydrophobic through the addition of a silicon-organic compound; and the grains of said first and second component being embedded in a bituminous, or asphalt, binder.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
108 words
An admixture for the surface layer of a road, comprising: a first and primary component thereof, being a granular, inorganic material, grains thereof being porous, in which the pore volume is at least 30 degrees, the pores containing a first antifreeze substance; a second and secondary component, being a granular, organic materal, the grains thereof also being porous and having a pore volume in excess of 30 degrees, the pores containing a second antifreeze substance; at least one of the components being made hydrophobic through the addition of a silicon-organic compound; and the grains of said first and second component being embedded in a bituminous, or asphalt, binder.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
An admixture as in claim 1, said first antifreeze material being sodium chloride.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
An admixture as in claim 1, said second antifreeze material being calcium chloride.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
An admixture as in claim 1, wherein the grain size of the first component is below 0.1 mm and the grain size of the second component is below 1.0 mm.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
An admixture as in claim 1, 3, or 4, the second component being ground polyurethane foam.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
30 words
An admixture as in claim 1, 2, or 4, the first component being bauxite-processing residue, including a finely dispersed mineral blend of sodium aluminum silicate, aluminimum oxide and titanium oxide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
An admixture as in claim 1 or 2, further including higher hydrocarbons.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
An admixture as in claim 7, the higher hydrocarbons being Diesel oil.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
31 words
An admixture as in claim 1, the first component being a residue mixture that includes sodium aluminum silicate and oxides of aluminum and titanium, the second component being polyurethane foam powder.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
32 words
An admixture as in claim 1, 4, or 9, wherein for ten parts by weight of the first component approximately 0.3 to 3.0 parts by weight of the second compound are used.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
An admixture as in claim 10, one of the antifreeze materials being sodium chloride, the other one being calcium chloride.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
120 words
A method of making an admixture for use as the surface layer of a road, comprising the steps of (1) mixing a porous inorganic substance, having a pore volume of at least 30 degrees, with water, sodium chloride, and a silicon-organic compound; (2) mixing a porous, organic substance, having a pore volume of at least 30 degrees, with water, calcium chloride, and a silicon-organic compound; (3) separately drying the substances resulting from the mixing steps; (4) grinding the dried substances containing the sodium chloride to a particle size below 0.1 mm; (5) grinding the other substance to a particle size below 1.0 mm; and (6) said ground substances being mixed with road surface material, the material serving as a binder.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
120 words
A method of making an admixture for use as the surface layer of a road, comprising the steps of (1) mixing a porous inorganic substance, having a pore volume of at least 30 degrees, with water, sodium chloride, and a silicon-organic compound; (2) mixing a porous, organic substance, having a pore volume of at least 30 degrees, with water, calcium chloride, and a silicon-organic compound; (3) separately drying the substances resulting from the mixing steps; (4) grinding the dried substances containing the sodium chloride to a particle size below 0.1 mm; (5) grinding the other substance to a particle size below 1.0 mm; and (6) said ground substances being mixed with road surface material, the material serving as a binder.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method as in claim 12, using as the inorganic substance red mud resulting from bauxite processing.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method as in claim 13, in which mixing step (1) is carried out by the step-wise addition of the sodium chloride to said red mud, the silicon-organic compound being added in a last adding step.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method as in claim 12, including, in at least one of the mixing steps, the step of adding 1 to 30 parts by weight quartz powder per 100 parts by weight organic or inorganic substance, prior to adding the respective silicon-organic compound and the sodium chloride, or the the calcium chloride.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-10-19 | 1985-04-20 | 1985-10-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-10-19 | 1989-04-20 | 1989-10-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-10-19 | 1993-04-20 | 1993-10-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |