US4289835A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Lead acid battery having cellular matrix positive electrode
Assignee: Gas Technology Institute
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Filing: 1979-11-23
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Granted: 1981-09-15
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Expires: 1999-11-23
Abstract
Abstract A lead-acid battery having a positive electrode with an electrically conducting current collector bus plate, a honeycomb matrix structure extending from at least one side of the bus plate forming multiple positive active material compartments and an acid ion porous retainer means adjacent the open ends of the material compartments, the compartments containing positive active material having lead oxide reactive material and an electronic conductive additive within an acid ion porous structure. The electronic conductive additive increases the electronic flow from the reaction site in the positive active material to the current collector bus plate. This invention provides an improved positive active material with an electronic conductive additive. The positive active material, positive electrodes and lead-acid batteries of this invention provide high energy densities and high cycle lives suitable for use in electric vehicles.
Inventors
- 👤 Tien S. Lee
- 👤 Anthony F. Sammells
- 👤 Robert J. Remick
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 15:01
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/14; H01M4/62; H01M4/624; H01M4/64; H01M4/70; H01M4/72; H01M4/73; H01M4/76; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 43
Claim 1
Independent Claim
179 words
A lead-acid battery comprising: a container having one or more negative electrodes, positive electrodes, cell separators therebetween and an acid electrolyte therein, each of said positive electrodes comprising: an electrically conducting current collector bus plate; a honeycomb matrix structure extending from one side of said collector bus plate forming multiple positive active material compartments and having electrically conducting surfaces in electrical communication with said collector bus plate; and acid ion porous retainer means adjacent the ends of said material compartments opposite said collector bus plate and in contact with said acid electrolyte; and positive active material within said compartments and in electrical communication with said collector bus plate and said honeycomb matrix electrically conducting surfaces, said positive active material comprising lead oxide reactive material and powdered electronic conductive additive resistive to electrolyte corrosion throughout a stable acid ion porous structure, the acid ions of the electrolyte passing through said retainer means and contacting said reactive material to produce electronic flow whose conductance to said honeycomb matrix structure and said current collector bus plate is increased by said conductive additive.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
179 words
A lead-acid battery comprising: a container having one or more negative electrodes, positive electrodes, cell separators therebetween and an acid electrolyte therein, each of said positive electrodes comprising: an electrically conducting current collector bus plate; a honeycomb matrix structure extending from one side of said collector bus plate forming multiple positive active material compartments and having electrically conducting surfaces in electrical communication with said collector bus plate; and acid ion porous retainer means adjacent the ends of said material compartments opposite said collector bus plate and in contact with said acid electrolyte; and positive active material within said compartments and in electrical communication with said collector bus plate and said honeycomb matrix electrically conducting surfaces, said positive active material comprising lead oxide reactive material and powdered electronic conductive additive resistive to electrolyte corrosion throughout a stable acid ion porous structure, the acid ions of the electrolyte passing through said retainer means and contacting said reactive material to produce electronic flow whose conductance to said honeycomb matrix structure and said current collector bus plate is increased by said conductive additive.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The lead-acid battery of claim 1 wherein said current collector bus plate is an electrically conducting metal.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The lead-acid battery of claim 1 wherein said honeycomb matrix structure is electrically conducting metal.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The lead-acid battery of claim 1 wherein said honeycomb matrix structure is synthetic polymer plastic coated or filled with an electrically conducting coating.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The lead-acid battery of claim 1 wherein said honeycomb matrix structure extends from both sides of said collector bus plate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The lead-acid battery of claim 1 wherein said acid ion porous retainer means is an electrically conductive screen.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
The lead-acid battery of claim 1 wherein said acid ion porous retainer means is a fiber felt.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
The lead-acid battery of claim 1 wherein said electronic conductive additive is selected from the group consisting of TaB 2 , FeB, TaN, ZrSi 2 , NbSi 2 , TiP, CrP and mixtures thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The lead-acid battery of claim 1 wherein said acid ion porous structure is a stable synthetic polymer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The lead-acid battery of claim 9 wherein said synthetic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, Dyflor and Kynor.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
The lead-acid battery of claim 1 wherein said lead oxide is in the form of a paste.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
The lead-acid battery of claim 1 wherein said lead oxide is in the form of discrete particles.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
36 words
The lead-acid battery of claim 1 wherein said positive active material comprises about 1 to 15 weight percent acid porous structure, about 1 to 15 weight percent electronic conductive additive and the remainder being lead oxide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
161 words
In a lead-acid electrolyte battery, an improved positive electrode comprising: an electrically conducting current collector bus plate; a honeycomb matrix structure extending from one side of said collector bus plate forming multiple positive active material compartments and having electrically conducting surfaces in electrical communication with said collector bus plate; an acid ion porous retainer means adjacent the ends of said material compartments opposite said collector bus plate and in contact with said acid electrolyte; and positive active material within said compartments and in electrical communication with said collector bus plate and said honeycomb matrix electrically conducting surfaces, said positive active material comprising lead oxide reactive material and powdered electronic conductive additive resistive to electrolyte corrosion throughout a stable acid ion porous structure, the acid ions of the electrolyte passing through said retainer means and contacting said reactive material to produce electronic flow whose conductance to said honeycomb matrix structure and said current collector bus plate is increased by said conductive additive.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
161 words
In a lead-acid electrolyte battery, an improved positive electrode comprising: an electrically conducting current collector bus plate; a honeycomb matrix structure extending from one side of said collector bus plate forming multiple positive active material compartments and having electrically conducting surfaces in electrical communication with said collector bus plate; an acid ion porous retainer means adjacent the ends of said material compartments opposite said collector bus plate and in contact with said acid electrolyte; and positive active material within said compartments and in electrical communication with said collector bus plate and said honeycomb matrix electrically conducting surfaces, said positive active material comprising lead oxide reactive material and powdered electronic conductive additive resistive to electrolyte corrosion throughout a stable acid ion porous structure, the acid ions of the electrolyte passing through said retainer means and contacting said reactive material to produce electronic flow whose conductance to said honeycomb matrix structure and said current collector bus plate is increased by said conductive additive.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
In a lead-acid battery, the improved positive electrode of claim 14 wherein said current collector bus plate is an electrically conducting metal.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
In a lead-acid battery, the improved positive electrode of claim 14 wherein said honeycomb matrix structure is electrically conducting metal.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
28 words
In a lead-acid battery, the improved positive electrode of claim 14 wherein said honeycomb matrix structure is synthetic polymer plastic coated or filled with an electrically conducting coating.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
In a lead-acid battery, the improved positive electrode of claim 14 wherein said honeycomb matrix structure extends from both sides of said collector bus plate.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
23 words
In a lead-acid battery, the improved positive electrode of claim 14 wherein said acid ion porous retainer means is an electrically conductive screen.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
In a lead-acid battery, the improved positive electrode of claim 14 wherein said acid ion porous retainer means is a fiber felt.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
39 words
In a lead-acid battery, the improved positive electrode of claim 14 wherein said electronic conductive additive is selected from the group consisting of TaB 2 , FeB, TaN, ZrSi 2 , NbSi 2 , TiP, CrP and mixtures thereof.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
21 words
In a lead-acid battery, the improved positive electrode of claim 14 wherein said acid ion porous structure is a synthetic polymer.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
27 words
In a lead-acid battery, the improved positive electrode of claim 22 wherein said synthetic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, Dyflor and Kynar.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
22 words
In a lead-acid battery, the improved positive electrode of claim 14 wherein said lead oxide is in the form of a paste.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
22 words
In a lead-acid battery, the improved positive electrode of claim 14 wherein said lead oxide is in the form of discrete particles.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
42 words
In a lead-acid battery, the improved positive electrode of claim 14 wherein said positive active material comprises about 1 to about 15 weight percent acid porous structure, about 1 to 15 weight percent electronic conductive additive and the remainder being lead oxide.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
131 words
A process for obtaining high rate discharge from a lead-acid battery comprising: passing acid ions of an acid electrolyte through an acid ion porous retainer means to contact positive active material; reacting said acid ions with said positive active material comprising lead oxide thereby producing electronic flow; increasing the conductance of said electronic flow through said positive active material to an electrically conducting surface of a honeycomb matrix structure positive active material retention compartment and to an electrically conducting current collector bus plate by a powdered conductive additive throughout said positive active material within a stable acid ion porous structure; conducting said electronic flow through said honeycomb matrix structure to said current collector bus plate, and withdrawing said electronic flow from said current collector bus plate to produce high rate discharge.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
131 words
A process for obtaining high rate discharge from a lead-acid battery comprising: passing acid ions of an acid electrolyte through an acid ion porous retainer means to contact positive active material; reacting said acid ions with said positive active material comprising lead oxide thereby producing electronic flow; increasing the conductance of said electronic flow through said positive active material to an electrically conducting surface of a honeycomb matrix structure positive active material retention compartment and to an electrically conducting current collector bus plate by a powdered conductive additive throughout said positive active material within a stable acid ion porous structure; conducting said electronic flow through said honeycomb matrix structure to said current collector bus plate, and withdrawing said electronic flow from said current collector bus plate to produce high rate discharge.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said current collector bus plate is an electrically conducting metal.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said honeycomb matrix structure is electrically conducting material.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said honeycomb matrix structure is synthetic polymer plastic coated or filled with an electrically conducting coating.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said honeycomb matrix structure extends from both sides of said collector bus plate.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said acid ion porous retainer means is an electrically conductive screen.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said acid ion porous retainer means is a fiber felt.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said electronic conductive additive is selected from the group consisting of TaB 2 , FeB, TaN, ZrSi 2 , NbSi 2 , TiP, CrP and mixtures thereof.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said acid ion porous structure is a stable synthetic polymer.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said synthetic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, Dyflor and Kynar.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said lead oxide is in the form of a paste.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said lead oxide is in the form of discrete particles.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said positive active material comprises about 1 to 15 weight percent acid porous structure, about 1 to 15 weight percent electronic conductive additive and the remainder being lead oxide.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 39 wherein said acid porous structure comprises about 7 to 13 weight percent and said electronic conductive additive comprises about 7 to 13 weight percent.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-09-14 | 1985-03-16 | 1985-09-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-09-14 | 1989-03-16 | 1989-09-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-09-14 | 1993-03-16 | 1993-09-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |