US4278047A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Absorbent for animal excreta
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1979-10-03
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Granted: 1981-07-14
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Expires: 1999-10-03
Abstract
Abstract Vermiculite which exists as the product of weathering of certain minerals, such as for example magnesium mica, is used after the technical expansion in a certain particle size smaller than 15 mm, preferably 3-6 mm, and a pouring weight which is smaller than 200 g/l, as an absorbent for animal excreta, for which it has excellent absorption characteristics. The water absorbing capability of the absorbent amounts to 400-600% (g/100g) of the original weight. By the addition of disinfecting agents a litter may be produced having bacteriocidal and fungicidal characteristics. Additionally added surfactant substances make the absorbent readily dispersible, so that it can be flushed without difficulties through e.g. a house toilet. By admixing of gypsum and/or clay powder a certain increase in the specific weight of the litter may be achieved, which thereafter no longer adheres even to very long-haired animal pelts.
Inventors
- 👤 Sebastiano F. Luca
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 13:42
CPC Classifications
A; A01; A01K; A01K1/00; A01K1/015; A01K1/0152; A01K1/0154
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
61 words
An absorbent for animal excreta consisting of vermiculite particles having a particle size smaller than 15 mm and a pouring weight smaller than 200 g/l and particles selected from the group composed of powdered gypsum and powdered clay adhering to said vermiculite particles for weighing down said vermiculite particles so that the vermiculite particles will not adhere to fur of animals.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
61 words
An absorbent for animal excreta consisting of vermiculite particles having a particle size smaller than 15 mm and a pouring weight smaller than 200 g/l and particles selected from the group composed of powdered gypsum and powdered clay adhering to said vermiculite particles for weighing down said vermiculite particles so that the vermiculite particles will not adhere to fur of animals.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
An absorbent as defined in claim 1, wherein said particle size is between 3-6 mm.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
An absorbent as defined in claim 1, wherein said pouring weight is 100 g/l.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
An absorbent as defined in claim 1, further comprising a disinfectant admixed with vermiculite in an amount of 0.1-5 percent by volume.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
An absorbent as defined in claim 4, wherein said disinfectant is selected from the group consisting of benzalkonium chloride and quaternary ammonium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
An absorbent as defined in claim 1, and further comprising a surfactant admixed with the vermiculite in an amount of about 1-5 percent by volume.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
An absorbent as defined in claim 1, wherein said absorbent has a pouring rate of 0.3-0.8 g/ml.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
An absorbent as defined in claim 1, wherein said absorbent has a pouring rate of 0.3-0.5 g/ml.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
64 words
A method of making an absorbent for animal excreta, comprising the steps of combining dry vermiculite particles and at least one member selected from the group consisting of powdered gypsum and powdered clay; mixing the combined material in dry state; adding water to the thus obtained mixture; and continuing the mixing until the materials combine and form a pourable mixture of powder-coated vermiculite particles.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
64 words
A method of making an absorbent for animal excreta, comprising the steps of combining dry vermiculite particles and at least one member selected from the group consisting of powdered gypsum and powdered clay; mixing the combined material in dry state; adding water to the thus obtained mixture; and continuing the mixing until the materials combine and form a pourable mixture of powder-coated vermiculite particles.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method as defined in claim 9, and further comprising the step of admitting air into the mixture during the mixing step, so as to remove excess water not absorbed by the materials of the mixture.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
89 words
An absorbent for animal excreta consisting of vermiculite particles having a particle size between 3 and 6 mm and a pouring weight of about 100 g/l, particles selected from the group consisting of powdered gypsum and powdered clay adhering to said vermiculite particles for weighing down said vermiculite particles so that the vermiculite particles will not adhere to fur of animals, a disinfectant selected from the group consisting of benzalkonium chloride and quaternary ammonium and a surfactant admixed with the vermiculite in an amount of about 1-5% by volume.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
89 words
An absorbent for animal excreta consisting of vermiculite particles having a particle size between 3 and 6 mm and a pouring weight of about 100 g/l, particles selected from the group consisting of powdered gypsum and powdered clay adhering to said vermiculite particles for weighing down said vermiculite particles so that the vermiculite particles will not adhere to fur of animals, a disinfectant selected from the group consisting of benzalkonium chloride and quaternary ammonium and a surfactant admixed with the vermiculite in an amount of about 1-5% by volume.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-07-13 | 1985-01-12 | 1985-07-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-07-13 | 1989-01-12 | 1989-07-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-07-13 | 1993-01-12 | 1993-07-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |