US4269628A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Compositions of vermiculite lamellae and solid particulate materials
Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Filing: 1979-08-13
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Granted: 1981-05-26
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Expires: 1999-08-13
Abstract
Abstract A composition comprising vermiculite lamellae (delaminated vermiculite) and one or more solid particulate materials which have a basic reaction in water, especially magnesium oxide. These particulate additives improve the physical properties of vermiculite articles especially the compressive strength and stability to water of foam.
Inventors
- 👤 Denis G. H. Ballard
- 👤 William N. E. Meredith
- 👤 Graham R. Rideal
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 16:15
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B30/00; C04B14/00; C04B14/02; C04B14/04; C04B14/20; C04B14/206; C04B14/208; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S106/00; Y10S106/03; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/92; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/249921; Y10T428/249953; Y10T428/249986
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
95 words
A strong, dry, rigid foam article having a density of less than 500 kg/m 3 and stable in water against disintegration when placed in water, said article consisting essentially of vermiculite lamellae and a compressive strength and water stability additive selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, said vermiculite lamellae being obtained from vermiculite which has been swollen by the action of aqueous salts and delaminated by mechanical shearing of the swollen granules to yield platelets having a thickness of less than one tenth of a micrometer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
95 words
A strong, dry, rigid foam article having a density of less than 500 kg/m 3 and stable in water against disintegration when placed in water, said article consisting essentially of vermiculite lamellae and a compressive strength and water stability additive selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, said vermiculite lamellae being obtained from vermiculite which has been swollen by the action of aqueous salts and delaminated by mechanical shearing of the swollen granules to yield platelets having a thickness of less than one tenth of a micrometer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The foam article as claimed in claim 1 wherein said additive is magnesium oxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The foam article of claim 1 or 2 containing from 1% to 40% by weight based on the vermiculite of said additive.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
The foam article of claim 3 wherein said additive is present in an amount ranging from 3% to 15%.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
The foam article as claimed in claim 4 having a density of less than 200 kg/m 3 .
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The foam article as claimed in claim 5 having a density of from 60 to 100 kg/m 3 .
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
The foam article as claimed in claim 1 wherein the vermiculite lamellae have no dimension greater than 50 microns.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The foam article as claimed in claim 1 which additionally contains a filler.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
84 words
A strong, dry article which is stable in water against disintegration when placed in water, said article consisting essentially of vermiculite lamellae and a strength and water stability additive selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide said vermiculite lamellae being obtained from vermiculite which has been swollen by the action of aqueous salts and delaminated by mechanical shearing of the swollen granules to yield platelets having a thickness of less than one tenth of a micrometer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
84 words
A strong, dry article which is stable in water against disintegration when placed in water, said article consisting essentially of vermiculite lamellae and a strength and water stability additive selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide said vermiculite lamellae being obtained from vermiculite which has been swollen by the action of aqueous salts and delaminated by mechanical shearing of the swollen granules to yield platelets having a thickness of less than one tenth of a micrometer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
35 words
A strong, water-stable article as claimed in claim 9 wherein the additive is magnesium oxide and is present in an amount ranging from 1% to 40% by weight based on the weight of said lamellae.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
A strong, water-stable article as claimed in claim 9 or 10 wherein the amount of the additive is from 3% to 15% by weight based on the vermiculite lamellae.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
A strong, dry water-stable article as claimed in claim 9 or 10 which is in the form of a sheet or paper.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
111 words
A process for the production of a strong, water-stable article which comprises incorporating in an aqueous suspension of vermiculite lamellae in an amount of from 1% to 40% by weight based on the vermiculite lamellae, a strength and water-stability improver for the article which is a solid particulate material selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide and removing the water from said suspension, said vermiculite lamellae being obtained from vermiculite which has been swollen by the action of aqueous salts and delaminated by mechanical shearing of the swollen granules to yield platelets having a thickness of less than one tenth of a micrometer.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
111 words
A process for the production of a strong, water-stable article which comprises incorporating in an aqueous suspension of vermiculite lamellae in an amount of from 1% to 40% by weight based on the vermiculite lamellae, a strength and water-stability improver for the article which is a solid particulate material selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide and removing the water from said suspension, said vermiculite lamellae being obtained from vermiculite which has been swollen by the action of aqueous salts and delaminated by mechanical shearing of the swollen granules to yield platelets having a thickness of less than one tenth of a micrometer.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
140 words
A process for the production of a strong, water-stable foam structure which comprises foaming an aqueous suspension of vermiculite lamellae, to form a foam suspension, incorporating in the foamed suspension in an amount of from 1% to 40% by weight of the vermiculite lamellae compressive strength and water stability additive which is a solid particulate material selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, shaping the foamed suspension containing the additive, and removing water from the foamed suspension by evaporation to yield an article having a density of less than 500 kg/m 3 said vermiculite lamellae being obtained from vermiculite which has been swollen by the action of aqueous salts and delaminated by mechanical shearing of the swollen granules to yield platelets having a thickness of less than one tenth of a micrometer.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
140 words
A process for the production of a strong, water-stable foam structure which comprises foaming an aqueous suspension of vermiculite lamellae, to form a foam suspension, incorporating in the foamed suspension in an amount of from 1% to 40% by weight of the vermiculite lamellae compressive strength and water stability additive which is a solid particulate material selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, shaping the foamed suspension containing the additive, and removing water from the foamed suspension by evaporation to yield an article having a density of less than 500 kg/m 3 said vermiculite lamellae being obtained from vermiculite which has been swollen by the action of aqueous salts and delaminated by mechanical shearing of the swollen granules to yield platelets having a thickness of less than one tenth of a micrometer.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process as claimed in claim 13 or 14 wherein the amount of additive is from 3% to 15% by weight based on the vermiculite lamellae.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-05-25 | 1984-11-24 | 1985-05-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-05-25 | 1988-11-24 | 1989-05-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-05-25 | 1992-11-24 | 1993-05-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |