US4245768A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of cold welding using ion beam technology
Assignee: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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Filing: 1978-07-28
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Granted: 1981-01-20
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Expires: 1998-07-28
Abstract
Abstract A method for cold welding metal joints. In order to remove the contamination layer on the surface of the metal, an ion beam generator is used in a vacuum environment. A gas, such as xenon or argon, is ionized and accelerated toward the metal surface. The beam of gas effectively sputters away the surface oxides and contamination layer so that clean underlying metal is exposed in the area to be welded. The use of this method allows cold welding with minimal deformation. Both similar and dissimilar metals can be cold welded with this method.
Inventors
- 👤 Bernard L. Sater
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 09:56
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23G; C23G5/00; B; B23; B23K; B23K17/00; B23K20/00; B23K20/14; B23K20/24; H; H10; H10W; H10W70/00; H10W70/01; H10W70/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
130 words
A method of cold welding using ion beam technology to prepare surfaces to be joined comprising the steps of: providing two metal surfaces to be joined, each surface having asperities and covered with a contamination oxide layer; disposing the two surfaces in a vacuum environment at a pressure between 10 -4 and 10 -6 torr; directing a unidirectional ion beam of gas molecules having uniform energies onto each surface in said vacuum environment to sputter away the contamination oxide layer and expose clean underlying metal; and pressing together the two surfaces while in said vacuum prior to their being recontaminated with pressure sufficient that their asperities are brought into intimate contact but sufficiently low as not to produce gross deformation and cold work hardening to form a cold welded joint.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
130 words
A method of cold welding using ion beam technology to prepare surfaces to be joined comprising the steps of: providing two metal surfaces to be joined, each surface having asperities and covered with a contamination oxide layer; disposing the two surfaces in a vacuum environment at a pressure between 10 -4 and 10 -6 torr; directing a unidirectional ion beam of gas molecules having uniform energies onto each surface in said vacuum environment to sputter away the contamination oxide layer and expose clean underlying metal; and pressing together the two surfaces while in said vacuum prior to their being recontaminated with pressure sufficient that their asperities are brought into intimate contact but sufficiently low as not to produce gross deformation and cold work hardening to form a cold welded joint.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the providing step includes: providing two aluminum surfaces to be joined, each surface having asperities and covered with a contamination oxide layer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the providing step includes: providing two copper surfaces to be joined, each surface having asperities and covered with a contamination oxide layer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the providing step includes: providing an aluminum surface and a copper surface to be joined, each surface having asperities and covered with a contamination oxide layer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the providing step includes: providing a soft aluminum surface and a tempered aluminum surface to be joined, each surface having asperities and covered with a contamination oxide layer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the directing step includes: directing a unidirectional beam of inert gas molecules having uniform energies onto each surface to sputter away the contamination oxide layer and expose clean underlying metal.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the directing step includes: directing a unidirectional beam of xenon gas molecules having uniform energies onto each surface to sputter away the contamination oxide layer and expose clean underlying metal.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the directing step includes: directing a unidirectional beam of argon gas molecules having uniform energies onto each surface to sputter away the contamination oxide layer and expose clean underlying metal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the directing step includes: directing a unidirectional beam of metal vapor molecules having uniform energies onto each surface to sputter away the contamination oxide layer and expose clean underlying metal.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the directing step includes: directing a unidirectional beam of Hg vapor molecules having uniform energies onto each surface to sputter away the contamination oxide layer and expose clean underlying metal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the directing step includes: directing a unidirectional beam of high reaction gas molecules having uniform energies onto each surface to sputter away the contamination oxide layer and expose clean underlying metal.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the directing step includes: directing a unidirectional beam of F 2 gas molecules having uniform energies onto each surface to sputter away the contamination oxide layer and expose clean underlying metal.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the directing step includes: directing a unidirectional beam of gaseous compound molecules having uniform energies onto each surface to sputter away the contamination oxide layer and expose clean underlying metal.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of cold welding recited in claim 1 wherein the directing step includes: directing a unidirectional beam of freon gas molecules having uniform energies onto each surface to sputter away the contamination oxide layer and expose clean underlying metal.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3500532A
Cited
US4101772A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-01-20 | 1984-07-21 | 1985-01-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-01-20 | 1988-07-21 | 1989-01-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-01-20 | 1992-07-21 | 1993-01-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |