Calcium resinates and inks

Claim 2

A printing ink consisting of pigment dispersed in a vehicle consisting of a volatile hydrocarbon solution of a resinous binder wherein said binder comprises (1) a reaction product of rosin and calcium hydroxide, and (2) a minor amount of a substantially linear, polymeric, polycarboxylic acid or its reaction product with calcium hydroxide, wherein said polycarboxylic acid is the partial alkyl or aralkyl ester of a 1.3:1 maleic anhydride/α-olefin copolymer wherein the said alkyl and aralkyl group contains 1 to 18 carbon atoms, said α-olefin contains 8 to 30 carbon atoms, and 10 to 90% of the carboxylic group of said polycarboxylic acid are esterified, and wherein the polymeric polycarboxylic acid contributes 2.5 to 40% of the total carboxylic equivalents of the rosin and polycarboxylic acid and the amount of calcium is equal to 40 to 100% of the stoichemetric amount to form the calcium diresinate of all of the carboxyl groups.

Claim 3

A printing ink as claimed in claim 1 wherein the resinous binder comprises (1) a reaction product of rosin and calcium hydroxide and (2) a minor amount of the substantially linear, polymeric polycarboxylic acid.

Claim 4

A printing ink as claimed in claim 2 wherein the polymeric polycarboxylic acid has been reacted with calcium hydroxide.

Claim 5

A printing ink as in claim 1 wherein the resinous binder contains a reactive polycyclopentadiene-tall oil resin.

Claim 6

A printing ink as in claim 4 wherein the binder additionally contains a non-reactive hydrocarbon resin.

Claim 7

A printing ink as in claim 5 wherein the reaction product is formed by fusion.

Claim 8

A printing ink consisting of pigment dispersed in a varnish comprised of a solution of calcium resinate in hydrocarbon solvent wherein said calcium resinate solution is prepared by (a) adding calcium hydroxide to a solution, having a boiling point in the range of 170° F. to 400° F., of rosin, a substantially linear, polymeric, polycarboxylic acid and a reactive hydrocarbon resin in liquid hydrocarbon solvent, said addition of calcium hydroxide being made at a temperature below about 125° F., and (b) heating the mixture at a temperature of up to the reflux temperature of the mixture to speed up the reaction and remove water of reaction, wherein said substantially linear, polymeric, polycarboxylic acid is the partial alkyl or aralkyl ester of a 1.3:1 maleic anhydride/α-olefin copolymer wherein the alkyl or aralkyl group of the partial ester contains 1 to 18 carbon atoms and the/α-olefin contains 8 to 30 carbon atoms and 10 to 90% of the carboxyl groups are esterified, and wherein the polymeric, polycarboxylic acid contributes 2.5 to 40 percent of the total carboxyl equivalents of the reaction mixture and the amount of calcium hydroxide is equal to 40 to 100% of the stoichemetric amount to form the calcium di-resinate and said reactive hydrocarbon resin is a polycyclopentadiene-tall oil resin.

Claim 9

A printing ink consisting of pigment dispersed in a varnish comprised of a solution of calcium resinate in hydrocarbon solvent wherein said calcium resinate solution is prepared by (a) adding calcium hydroxide to a solution, having a boiling point in the range of 170° F. to 400° F., of rosin, a substantially linear, polymeric, polycarboxylic acid and a reactive hydrocarbon resin in liquid hydrocarbon solvent, said addition of calcium hydroxide being made at a temperature below about 125° F., and (b) heating the mixture at a temperature of up to the reflux temperature of the mixture to speed up the reaction and remove water of reaction, wherein said substantially linear, polymeric, polycarboxylic acid is the partial alkyl or aralkyl ester of a 1.3:1 maleic anhydride/α-olefin copolymer wherein the alkyl or aralkyl group of the partial ester contains 1 to 18 carbon atoms and the/α-olefin contains 8 to 30 carbon atoms and 10 to 90% of the carboxyl groups are esterified, and wherein the polymeric, polycarboxylic acid contributes 2.5 to 40 percent of the total carboxyl equivalents of the reaction mixture and the amount of calcium hydroxide is equal to 40 to 100% of the stoichemetric amount to form the calcium di-resinate and said reactive hydrocarbon resin is a polycyclopentadiene-tall oil resin.

Claim 10

A printing ink as in claim 7 wherein the calcium resinate solution is prepared in the presence of 1 to 4% by weight of urea, based on total acidic reactants.

Claim 11

A printing ink as in claim 7 wherein 50 to 75% of the carboxyl groups of the maleic anhydride/α-olefin copolymer are esterified.

Claim 12

A printing ink as in claim 7 wherein the calcium resinate solution is made using a mixture of tall oil rosin and non-tall oil rosin reactants where the tall oil rosin constitutes at least 25% of the total equivalents of rosin reactants.

Claim 13

A printing ink as in claim 7 wherein the calcium resinate solution is prepared in the presence of non-reactive hydrocarbon resin having a melting point of at least 125° C. and is present in an amount no more than equal the total weight of rosin and polymeric, polycarboxylic acid and reactive hydrocarbon resin.

Claim 14

A printing ink as in claim 7 wherein the linear polymeric, polycarboxylic acid is the half isopropyl ester of the maleic anhydride/α-olefin copolymer.

Claim 15

A printing ink as in claim 7 wherein a mixture of rosins, including tall oil rosin, is used to make the resinate.

Claim 16

A printing ink as in claim 7 wherein 80% to 90% of the theoretical amount of lime to form the di-resinate of all acidic components is used.

Claim 19

A method as in claim 15 wherein the polymeric, polycarboxylic acid has a carboxyl equivalent weight of between about 105 and 700.

Claim 20

A method as in claim 15 wherein the polymeric, polycarboxylic acid is the product obtained by esterifying the polycarboxylic anhydride with a C 1 to C 18 alkanol.

Claim 21

A method as in claim 15 wherein 1 to 4%, by weight, based on total acidic reactants, of urea is used.

Claim 22

A method as in claim 15 wherein at least 25% of the equivalents of rosin are tall oil rosins.

Claim 23

A method as in claim 15 wherein the solution of rosin, reactive hydrocarbon resin and polymeric, polycarboxylic acid also contains non-reactive hydrocarbon resin in an amount no more than equal the weight of rosin, reactive hydrocarbon resin and polymeric, polycarboxylic acid.

Claim 24

A method as in claim 15 wherein the polymeric, polycarboxylic acid is the 50 to 75% partial ester of the said maleic anhydride/α-olefin copolymer.

Claim 25

A method as in claim 15 wherein the amount of calcium hydroxide is equal to 80 to 90% of the stoichemetric amount to form the calcium di-resinate, and 50 to 75% of the carboxyl groups of maleic anhydride/α-olefin copolymer are esterified.