US4244703A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Fuel additives
Assignee: California-Texas Oil Co
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Filing: 1979-01-29
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Granted: 1981-01-13
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Expires: 1999-01-29
Abstract
Abstract A family of fuel additives particularly containing certain diamines preferably in combination with certain alcohols, the invention provides compositions of matter which improve the performance of internal combustion engines and provide favorable fuel economies relative to fuels not used with the present additives. Tertiary diamines such as N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine are added in low concentrations to gasoline, the diamines preferably being mixed with an anhydrous alcohol prior to admixture with gasoline. Particularly effective additives according to the invention also include an admixture of the foresaid mixture with isopropyl and diacetone alcohols.
Inventors
- 👤 Alfred F. Kaspaul
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 11:50
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/22; C10L1/222; C10L1/2222; C10L1/18; C10L1/182; C10L1/1822; C10L1/1824; C10L1/185; C10L1/1857
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 31
Claim 1
Independent Claim
66 words
A fuel composition having increased combustion efficiency and fuel economy, the composition comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons and containing a tertiary diamine having the formula: ##STR4## in which R is a methyl group and wherein n is an integer between 1 and 6, the diamine being present in the fuel composition in an effective amount, the composition further comprising an effective amount of an anhydrous alcohol.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
66 words
A fuel composition having increased combustion efficiency and fuel economy, the composition comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons and containing a tertiary diamine having the formula: ##STR4## in which R is a methyl group and wherein n is an integer between 1 and 6, the diamine being present in the fuel composition in an effective amount, the composition further comprising an effective amount of an anhydrous alcohol.
Claim 3
Independent Claim
73 words
A method for improving the combustion efficiency and fuel economy of an internal combustion engine, comprising the step of operating the engine with a fuel composition comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons and containing an effective amount of a tertiary diamine having the formula: ##STR5## in which R is a methyl group and wherein n is an integer between 1 and 6, the fuel composition further comprising an effective amount of an anhydrous alcohol.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
73 words
A method for improving the combustion efficiency and fuel economy of an internal combustion engine, comprising the step of operating the engine with a fuel composition comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons and containing an effective amount of a tertiary diamine having the formula: ##STR5## in which R is a methyl group and wherein n is an integer between 1 and 6, the fuel composition further comprising an effective amount of an anhydrous alcohol.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
10 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the alcohol is ethanol.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 1 and further comprising effective amounts of isopropyl alcohol and diacetone alcohol.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the diamine is present in a concentration range of between 0.5 and 4.0 milliliters of diamine to 20 gallons of hydrocarbon component.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
46 words
The composition of claim 4 wherein the ratio of diamine/anhydrous alcohol to isopropyl alcohol/diacetone alcohol is between 0.5 to 0.025, the diamine being present in the fuel composition in a concentration range of between 0.5 to 4.0 milliliters of diamine to 20 gallons of hydrocarbon component.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
9 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein n is 3.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
9 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein n is 1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the anhydrous alcohol is ethanol.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
9 words
The method of claim 2 wherein n is 3.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
9 words
The method of claim 2 wherein n is 1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
9 words
The method of claim 9 wherein n is 3.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
9 words
The method of claim 9 wherein n is 1.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the fuel composition further comprises an effective amount of isopropyl alcohol and diacetone alcohol.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 14 wherein the anhydrous alcohol is ethanol.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of claim 14 wherein the ratio of diamine/anhydrous alcohol to isopropyl alcohol/diacetone alcohol is between 0.5 to 0.025, the diamine being present in the fuel composition in a concentration range of between 0.5 to 4.0 milliliters of diamine to 20 gallons of hydrocarbon component.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
85 words
A fuel composition having increased combustion efficiency and fuel economy, the composition comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons and containing an effective amount of a tertiary diamine having the formula: ##STR6## in which R and R 1 are alkyl groups and wherein n is an integer between 1 and 6, and a metal-diamine selected from the group consisting of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylzinc-1,4-butane diamine; N,N,N',N'-tetramethylzinc-1,3-propane diamine; N,N,N',N'-tetramethylzinc-1,2-ethane diamine; and N,N,N',N'-tetramethylzinc-1,1-methane diamine, the tertiary diamine being present relative to the metal diamine in a ratio of from 0 to 0.5.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
85 words
A fuel composition having increased combustion efficiency and fuel economy, the composition comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons and containing an effective amount of a tertiary diamine having the formula: ##STR6## in which R and R 1 are alkyl groups and wherein n is an integer between 1 and 6, and a metal-diamine selected from the group consisting of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylzinc-1,4-butane diamine; N,N,N',N'-tetramethylzinc-1,3-propane diamine; N,N,N',N'-tetramethylzinc-1,2-ethane diamine; and N,N,N',N'-tetramethylzinc-1,1-methane diamine, the tertiary diamine being present relative to the metal diamine in a ratio of from 0 to 0.5.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
70 words
A fuel composition having increased combustion efficiency and fuel economy, the composition comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons and containing an effective amount of a diamine having the formula: ##STR7## in which R is an alkyl group, R 1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group, and wherein n is an integer between 1 and 6, the fuel composition further comprising effective amounts of an anhydrous alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and diacetone alcohol.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
70 words
A fuel composition having increased combustion efficiency and fuel economy, the composition comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons and containing an effective amount of a diamine having the formula: ##STR7## in which R is an alkyl group, R 1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group, and wherein n is an integer between 1 and 6, the fuel composition further comprising effective amounts of an anhydrous alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and diacetone alcohol.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
The fuel composition of claim 18 wherein the anhydrous alcohol is ethanol.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
47 words
The fuel composition of claim 18 wherein the ratio of diamine/anhydrous alcohol to isopropyl alcohol/diacetone alcohol is between 0.5 to 0.025, the diamine being present in the fuel composition in a concentration range of between 0.5 to 4.0 milliliters of diamine to 20 gallons of hydrocarbon component.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
12 words
The fuel composition of claim 20 wherein the anhydrous alcohol is ethanol.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fuel composition of claim 21 wherein R and R 1 are methyl groups.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
10 words
The fuel composition of claim 22 wherein n is 3.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
10 words
The fuel composition of claim 22 wherein n is 1.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fuel composition of claim 18 wherein R and R 1 are methyl groups.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
10 words
The fuel composition of claim 25 wherein n is 3.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
10 words
The fuel composition of claim 25 wherein n is 1.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-01-13 | 1984-07-14 | 1985-01-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-01-13 | 1988-07-14 | 1989-01-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-01-13 | 1992-07-14 | 1993-01-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |