US4241022A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Carbon black for low-hysteresis rubber compositions
Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Co
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Filing: 1978-12-29
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Granted: 1980-12-23
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Expires: 1998-12-29
Abstract
Abstract A carbon black with a tint residual below -6 in a rubber composition causes the hysteresis or heat buildup of such a rubber composition to be significantly lower than that of a rubber composition incorporating a carbon black with a higher tint residual, while the abrasion resistance of such rubber compositions incorporating these different blacks remains essentially unchanged. Tint residual is the difference between the measured tint and the tint calculated from the structure, nitrogen surface area, and CTAB surface area in accordance with a specific formula disclosed. Disclosed are carbon black reactor configurations capable of producing carbon black useful in compounding such a low-hysteresis rubber.
Inventors
- 👤 Gerard Kraus
- 👤 Harold R. Hunt
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 05:08
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09C; C09C1/00; C09C1/44; C09C1/48; C09C1/50; C01; C01P; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/12; C01P2006/19
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
247 words
A tubular carbon black reactor comprising (a) an upstream confining wall, (b) communicating therewith a cylindrical precombustion section of about 9 to 12 inches diameter and about 3 to about 6 inches axial length, (c) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected thereto a first reaction section wherein said first reaction section is frustoconically shaped, about 3 to 8 inches long, has an upstream diameter of about 2 to 4 inches, and converges in downstream direction at an angle between the reactor axis and the frustoconical surface in the range of about 10 to 18 degrees, the downstream diameter of the first reaction section being between about 1 to 2 inches, (d) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected to the first reaction section a second reaction section of essentially cylindrical shape, the ratio of the diameter of said second reaction section to the diameter of the downstream end of the first reaction section being about 2:1 to 5:1 so that the cross-section of the reaction sections abruptly widens from said first reaction section to said second reaction section, (e) means for generating a hot combustion gas vortex in said precombustion section, (f) means for introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock into contact with the hot combustion gas, the locus of discharge of the hydrocarbon feed being at the reactor wall within the downstream portion of the first reaction section, and (g) means to withdraw carbon black-containing smoke from the downstream end of said second reaction section.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
247 words
A tubular carbon black reactor comprising (a) an upstream confining wall, (b) communicating therewith a cylindrical precombustion section of about 9 to 12 inches diameter and about 3 to about 6 inches axial length, (c) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected thereto a first reaction section wherein said first reaction section is frustoconically shaped, about 3 to 8 inches long, has an upstream diameter of about 2 to 4 inches, and converges in downstream direction at an angle between the reactor axis and the frustoconical surface in the range of about 10 to 18 degrees, the downstream diameter of the first reaction section being between about 1 to 2 inches, (d) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected to the first reaction section a second reaction section of essentially cylindrical shape, the ratio of the diameter of said second reaction section to the diameter of the downstream end of the first reaction section being about 2:1 to 5:1 so that the cross-section of the reaction sections abruptly widens from said first reaction section to said second reaction section, (e) means for generating a hot combustion gas vortex in said precombustion section, (f) means for introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock into contact with the hot combustion gas, the locus of discharge of the hydrocarbon feed being at the reactor wall within the downstream portion of the first reaction section, and (g) means to withdraw carbon black-containing smoke from the downstream end of said second reaction section.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
254 words
A tubular carbon black reactor comprising (a) an upstream confining wall, (b) communicating therewith a cylindrical precombustion section of about 9 to 12 inches diameter and about 3 to about 6 inches axial length, (c) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected thereto a first reaction section wherein said first reaction section is frustoconically shaped, about 3 to 8 inches long, has an upstream diameter of about 2 to 4 inches, and converges in downstream direction at an angle between the reactor axis and the frustoconical surface in the range of about 10 to 18 degrees, the downstream diameter of the first reaction section being between about 1 to 2 inches, (d) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected to the first reaction section a second reaction section of essentially cylindrical shape, the ratio of the diameter of said second reaction section to the diameter of the downstream end of the first reaction section being about 2:1 to 5:1 so that the cross-section of the reaction sections abruptly widens from said first reaction section to said second reaction section, (e) means for generating a hot combustion gas vortex in said precombustion section, (f) means for introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock into contact with the hot combustion gas, the locus of discharge of the hydrocarbon feed being at the reactor wall in the proximity of the abrupt diameter change from the first to the second reaction section, and (g) means to withdraw carbon black-containing smoke from the downstream end of said second reaction section.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
254 words
A tubular carbon black reactor comprising (a) an upstream confining wall, (b) communicating therewith a cylindrical precombustion section of about 9 to 12 inches diameter and about 3 to about 6 inches axial length, (c) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected thereto a first reaction section wherein said first reaction section is frustoconically shaped, about 3 to 8 inches long, has an upstream diameter of about 2 to 4 inches, and converges in downstream direction at an angle between the reactor axis and the frustoconical surface in the range of about 10 to 18 degrees, the downstream diameter of the first reaction section being between about 1 to 2 inches, (d) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected to the first reaction section a second reaction section of essentially cylindrical shape, the ratio of the diameter of said second reaction section to the diameter of the downstream end of the first reaction section being about 2:1 to 5:1 so that the cross-section of the reaction sections abruptly widens from said first reaction section to said second reaction section, (e) means for generating a hot combustion gas vortex in said precombustion section, (f) means for introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock into contact with the hot combustion gas, the locus of discharge of the hydrocarbon feed being at the reactor wall in the proximity of the abrupt diameter change from the first to the second reaction section, and (g) means to withdraw carbon black-containing smoke from the downstream end of said second reaction section.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
41 words
The carbon black reactor of claim 2 wherein said means for introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock into contact with the hot combustion gas further comprises a locus of discharge at the reactor wall within the downstream portion of the first reaction section.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
232 words
A tubular carbon black reactor comprising (a) an upstream confining wall, (b) communicating therewith a cylindrical precombustion section of about 9 to 12 inches diameter and about 3 to about 6 inches axial length, (c) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected thereto a first reaction section the upstream diameter of which is about 2 to 4 inches, the axial length of which is about 6 to 18 inches, and wherein said first reaction section is a cylindrical reaction section having a venturi-shaped choke therein, the throat diameter of which is about 1 to 2 inches, (d) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected to the first reaction section a second reaction section of essentially cylindrical shape, the ratio of the diameter of said second reaction section to the diameter of the downstream end of the first reaction section being about 2:1 to 5:1 so that the cross-section of the reaction sections abruptly widens from said first reaction section to said second reaction section, (e) means for generating a hot combustion gas vortex in said precombustion section, (f) means for introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock into contact with the hot combustion gas, the locus of discharge of the hydrocarbon feed being at the reactor wall within the downstream portion of the first reaction section, and (g) means to withdraw carbon black-containing smoke from the downstream end of said second reaction section.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
232 words
A tubular carbon black reactor comprising (a) an upstream confining wall, (b) communicating therewith a cylindrical precombustion section of about 9 to 12 inches diameter and about 3 to about 6 inches axial length, (c) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected thereto a first reaction section the upstream diameter of which is about 2 to 4 inches, the axial length of which is about 6 to 18 inches, and wherein said first reaction section is a cylindrical reaction section having a venturi-shaped choke therein, the throat diameter of which is about 1 to 2 inches, (d) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected to the first reaction section a second reaction section of essentially cylindrical shape, the ratio of the diameter of said second reaction section to the diameter of the downstream end of the first reaction section being about 2:1 to 5:1 so that the cross-section of the reaction sections abruptly widens from said first reaction section to said second reaction section, (e) means for generating a hot combustion gas vortex in said precombustion section, (f) means for introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock into contact with the hot combustion gas, the locus of discharge of the hydrocarbon feed being at the reactor wall within the downstream portion of the first reaction section, and (g) means to withdraw carbon black-containing smoke from the downstream end of said second reaction section.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
239 words
A tubular carbon black reactor comprising (a) an upstream confining wall, (b) communicating therewith a cylindrical precombustion section of about 9 to 12 inches diameter and about 3 to about 6 inches axial length, (c) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected thereto a first reaction section the upstream diameter of which is about 2 to 4 inches, the axial length of which is about 6 to 18 inches, and wherein said first reaction section is a cylindrical reaction section having a venturi-shaped choke therein, the throat diameter of which is about 1 to 2 inches, (d) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected to the first reaction section a second reaction section of essentially cylindrical shape, the ratio of the diameter of said second reaction section to the diameter of the downstream end of the first reaction section being about 2:1 to 5:1 so that the cross-section of the reaction sections abruptly widens from said first reaction section to said second reaction section, (e) means for generating a hot combustion gas vortex in said precombustion section, (f) means for introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock into contact with the hot combustion gas, the locus of discharge of the hydrocarbon feed being at the reactor wall in the proximity of the abrupt diameter change from the first to the second reaction section, and (g) means to withdraw carbon black-containing smoke from the downstream end of said second reaction section.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
239 words
A tubular carbon black reactor comprising (a) an upstream confining wall, (b) communicating therewith a cylindrical precombustion section of about 9 to 12 inches diameter and about 3 to about 6 inches axial length, (c) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected thereto a first reaction section the upstream diameter of which is about 2 to 4 inches, the axial length of which is about 6 to 18 inches, and wherein said first reaction section is a cylindrical reaction section having a venturi-shaped choke therein, the throat diameter of which is about 1 to 2 inches, (d) in open communication, axial alignment and operatively connected to the first reaction section a second reaction section of essentially cylindrical shape, the ratio of the diameter of said second reaction section to the diameter of the downstream end of the first reaction section being about 2:1 to 5:1 so that the cross-section of the reaction sections abruptly widens from said first reaction section to said second reaction section, (e) means for generating a hot combustion gas vortex in said precombustion section, (f) means for introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock into contact with the hot combustion gas, the locus of discharge of the hydrocarbon feed being at the reactor wall in the proximity of the abrupt diameter change from the first to the second reaction section, and (g) means to withdraw carbon black-containing smoke from the downstream end of said second reaction section.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
41 words
The carbon black reactor of claim 5 wherein said means for introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock into contact with the hot combustion gas further comprises a locus of discharge at the reactor wall within the downstream portion of the first reaction section.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
A carbon black reactor in accordance with claim 6 wherein the venturi-shaped choke is about 3 to 9 inches long in axial direction.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-12-23 | 1984-06-23 | 1984-12-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-12-23 | 1988-06-23 | 1988-12-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-12-23 | 1992-06-23 | 1992-12-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |