US4240376A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method for keeping aquatic animals alive over long periods of time
Assignee: Asahi Kasei Corp
•
Filing: 1978-12-13
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Granted: 1980-12-23
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Expires: 1998-12-13
Abstract
Abstract Aquatic animals can be kept in a living condition over a long period of time, without feeding them, by placing the aquatic animals, at a large density of more than 200 kg/m 3 in environmental water; maintaining the temperature of the environmental water in a lowest possible range in which it is possible for the aquatic animals to exist; controlling the concentrations of ammonia compounds, water-soluble organic compounds and carbonic acid radical in the environmental water so that their levels do not exceed 20 ppm, 150 ppm and 1,000 ppm, respectively; and regulating the concentration of molecular oxygen dissolved in the environmental water so that it is 3 ppm or more.
Inventors
- 👤 Naoya Kominami
- 👤 Hirokazu Fukumi
- 👤 Naokuni Yamawaki
- 👤 Junji Nomura
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 10:03
CPC Classifications
A; A01; A01K; A01K61/00; A01K61/10; A01K61/50; A01K61/51; A01K63/00; Y; Y02; Y02A; Y02A40/00; Y02A40/80; Y02A40/81
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 35
Claim 1
Independent Claim
28 words
A method for keeping aquatic animals alive over a long period of time without feeding them and in a high density in environmental water, comprising the steps of:
Claim 2
Independent Claim
28 words
A method for keeping aquatic animals alive over a long period of time without feeding them and in a high density in environmental water, comprising the steps of:
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
(A) placing aquatic animals in a density greater than 200 kg/m 3 in environmental water in a container;
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
(A) placing aquatic animals in a density greater than 200 kg/m 3 in environmental water in a container;
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
43 words
(B) controlling the temperature of said environmental water so that said temperature is maintained at a temperature of from the lowest possible temperature in which said aquatic animals are able to exist to a temperature of 7° C. above said lowest possible temperature;
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
43 words
(B) controlling the temperature of said environmental water so that said temperature is maintained at a temperature of from the lowest possible temperature in which said aquatic animals are able to exist to a temperature of 7° C. above said lowest possible temperature;
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
(C) controlling ammonia compounds in said environmental water so that the total concentration thereof does not exceed 20 ppm;
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
(C) controlling ammonia compounds in said environmental water so that the total concentration thereof does not exceed 20 ppm;
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
(D) controlling water-soluble organic compounds in said environmental water so that the total concentration thereof does not exceed 150 ppm;
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
(D) controlling water-soluble organic compounds in said environmental water so that the total concentration thereof does not exceed 150 ppm;
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
(E) controlling carbonic acid radical in said environmental water so that it does not exceed a concentration of 1000 ppm and;
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
(E) controlling carbonic acid radical in said environmental water so that it does not exceed a concentration of 1000 ppm and;
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
(F) regulating molecular oxygen dissolved in the environmental water so that its concentration is maintained at 3 ppm or more.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
(F) regulating molecular oxygen dissolved in the environmental water so that its concentration is maintained at 3 ppm or more.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the density of said aquatic animals is in a range higher than 200 kg/m 3 but not exceeding 700 kg/m 3 .
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the density of said aquatic animals is in a range of from 250 to 600 kg/m 3 .
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said aquatic animals are adult red sea breams and the temperature of said environmental water is controlled to be within a range of from 6° to 13° C.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said aquatic animals are adult carps, and the temperature of said environmental water is controlled to be within a range of from 1° to 8° C.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said aquatic animals are adult eels, and the temperature of said environmental water is controlled to be within a range of from 5° to 12° C.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said aquatic animals are adult prawns, and the temperature of said environmental water is controlled within a range of from 6° to 13° C.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
65 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controlling of the concentrations of the ammonia compounds and the controlling of the water-soluble organic compounds are effected by continuously flowing fresh environmental water having a concentration of the ammonia compounds of less than 20 ppm and a concentration of the water-soluble organic compounds of less than 150 ppm through the environment of said aquatic animals.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ammonia compounds are eliminated from said environmental water by adsorbing said ammonia compounds with an adsorbing material.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said adsorbing material is selected from organic polymeric cation-exchange resins, natural zeolite, synthetic zeolite, aluminium alumino-silicate, magnesium alumino-silicate, zirconium phosphate, zirconium tungstate, zirconium molybdate, activated carbon and mixtures of two or more of the above-mentioned materials.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein said organic polymeric cation-exchange resin is selected from sulfonic acid and salt type strong acidic cation-exchange resins and from carboxylic acid and salt type weak acidic cation-exchange resins.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said adsorption is carried out by flowing said environmental water through a path containing a mass of said adsorbing material.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water-soluble organic compounds are eliminated from said environmental water by adsorbing said organic compounds with an adsorbing material.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method as claimed in claim 13, wherein said adsorbing material is selected from activated carbon, silica, silica-alumina, bone black, acid clay, activated clay and mixtures of two or more of the above-mentioned materials.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method as claimed in claim 13, wherein said adsorption is carried out by flowing said environmental water through a path containing therein said adsorbing material.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water-soluble organic compounds are eliminated from said environmental water by coagulating and precipitating said organic compounds with aluminium hydroxide and separating said precipitation from said environmental water.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
53 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said carbonic acid radical is removed from said environmental water by bringing said environmental water into contact with the atmospheric air so as to allow said carbonic acid radical to be released in the form of carbon dioxide from said environmental water into the atmosphere.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as claimed in claim 17, wherein said contact of said environmental water with atmospheric air is effected by blowing the atmospheric air into said environmental water.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of said oxygen in said environmental water is controlled by bringing said environmental water into contact with air so as to allow oxygen to dissolve into said environmental water.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as claimed in claim 19, wherein said contact of said environmental water with air or oxygen gas is effected by blowing air or oxygen gas into said environmental water.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
49 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a portion of said environmental water is withdrawn, said withdrawn portion of said environmental water is treated in steps (B) through (F) and, thereafter, said treated portion of said environmental water is returned back to the environment of said aquatic animals.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentrations of said ammonia compounds and water-soluble organic compounds in said environmental water are controlled without using an oxidizing agent.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-12-23 | 1984-06-23 | 1984-12-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-12-23 | 1988-06-23 | 1988-12-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-12-23 | 1992-06-23 | 1992-12-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |