US4239646A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Microspheric opacifying agents and method for their production
Assignee: Champion International Corp
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Filing: 1974-09-23
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Granted: 1980-12-16
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Expires: 1994-09-23
Abstract
Abstract Microspheric opacifying agents are provided by admixing an aqueous, partially condensed, aldehyde condensation product with an oily material containing an emulsifying agent thereby forming a water-in-oil emulsion, admixing an amphiphilic acid catalyst with the emulsion and polymerizing the condensation product to form discrete, substantially spherical, opaque, solid particles. Additionally, the solid particles may be separated from the oily continuous phase and admixed with water for the further removal of oily material, and thereby causing the formation of spherical agglomerates or "super particles" having a substantially greater opacity than the aforesaid discrete particles. The super particles are hollow, substantially spherical particles having substantially spherical, discontinuous walls composed of agglomerated substantially spherical particles.
Inventors
- 👤 David N. Vincent
- 👤 Ronald Golden
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 05:33
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08G; C08G12/00; C08G12/02; C08G12/04; C08G12/10; C08G12/12; B; B01; B01J; B01J13/00; B01J13/02; B01J13/06; B01J13/14; B01J13/18; C08G12/26; C08G12/34; C08G12/36; C08G12/38; C08J; C08J3/00; C08J3/12; C09; C09D; C09D7/00; C09D7/40; C09D7/42; D; D21; D21H; D21H19/00; D21H19/36; D21H19/38; D21H19/42; D21H21/00; D21H21/14; D21H21/28; D21H21/285; D21H21/50; D21H21/52; D21H21/54; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/249921; Y10T428/249953; Y10T428/249986; Y10T428/25; Y10T428/254; Y10T428/256; Y10T428/258; Y10T428/26; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2984; Y10T428/2985; Y10T428/2989; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31971; Y10T428/31993
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
65 words
A process for the preparation of substantially spherical, opacifying particles, which process comprises admixing an aqueous, partially condensed, aldehyde condensation product with an oily material and a surface-active emulsifying agent to form a water-in-oil emulsion, admixing an amphiphilic acid catalyst with said emulsion and polymerizing said aldehyde condensation product in a polymerization zone to form substantially spherical, polymerized particles, said particles being substantially solid throughout.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
65 words
A process for the preparation of substantially spherical, opacifying particles, which process comprises admixing an aqueous, partially condensed, aldehyde condensation product with an oily material and a surface-active emulsifying agent to form a water-in-oil emulsion, admixing an amphiphilic acid catalyst with said emulsion and polymerizing said aldehyde condensation product in a polymerization zone to form substantially spherical, polymerized particles, said particles being substantially solid throughout.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said partially condensed aldehyde condensation product is a urea-formaldehyde prepolymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the ratio of formaldehyde to urea in said prepolymer is in the range of between about 1 to 1 and about 2.5 to 1.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein an inorganic opacifying pigment is incorporated into said water-in-oil emulsion.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
41 words
The process of claim 4 wherein said inorganic pigment is incorporated into said water-in-oil emulsion by introducing said inorganic pigment into said aldehyde condensation product prior to admixing said aldehyde condensation product with said oily material and said surface-active emulsifying agent.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said polymerized particles are withdrawn from said polymerization zone and are present in the oil phase of a water-in-oil emulsion.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
41 words
The process of claim 6 wherein said polymerized particle-containing emulsion is treated to separate said polymerized particles from a portion of the oily material of said water-in-emulsion, said separated polymerized particles being dispersed in the oil phase of an oil-in-water emulsion.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 7 wherein said oil-in-water emulsion is dried to remove the oily material portion of said oil-in-water emulsion and water.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 8 wherein said oil-in-water emulsion is treated to neutralize residual catalyst prior to said drying.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 7 wherein said oil-in-water emulsion is admixed with water under high shear agitation while heating said oil-in-water emulsion at a temperature effective to form substantially spherical agglomerates of said polymerized particles.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
52 words
The process of claim 2 wherein said water-in-oil emulsion is admixed with water to form an oil-in-water emulsion wherein said polymerized particles remain in the oil phase of said oil-in-water emulsion, and heating said emulsion with high shear agitation at a temperature effective to form substantially spherical agglomerates of said polymerized particles.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said water-in-oil emulsion has a viscosity in the range of between about 5 and about 5000 centipoises.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 11 wherein said oil-in-water emulsion is subjected to steam distillation.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said particles have an average particle size of below about 2 microns.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
Substantially spherical opacifying particles as produced by the process of claim 14.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
Substantially spherical, opacifying particles as produced by the process of claim 1.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
12 words
Substantially spherical opacifying particles as produced by the process of claim 3.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
48 words
Opacifying agents consisting essentially of substantially spherical super-particles, each of said super-particles having a substantially spherical, discontinuous shell composed of agglomerated discrete, secondary particles formed from an aldehyde condensation product, said shell surrounding a substantially spherical hollow core, said secondary particles being substantially spherical and substantially solid throughout.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
48 words
Opacifying agents consisting essentially of substantially spherical super-particles, each of said super-particles having a substantially spherical, discontinuous shell composed of agglomerated discrete, secondary particles formed from an aldehyde condensation product, said shell surrounding a substantially spherical hollow core, said secondary particles being substantially spherical and substantially solid throughout.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
The opacifying agents of claim 18 wherein said secondary particles are formed of agglomerated, substantially spherical primary particles.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
37 words
The opacifying agents of claim 18 wherein said super-particles have an average diameter of between about 1 and about 20 microns and said secondary particles have an average diameter of between about 0.2 and about 1 micron.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
The opacifying particles of claim 18 wherein said secondary-particles are formed from urea-formaldehyde.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
The opacifying agents of claim 18 wherein said super-particles have inorganic pigment particles incorporated in the structure of said super-particles.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
14 words
The opacifying agents of claim 22 wherein said inorganic pigment is TiO 2 .
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-12-16 | 1984-06-16 | 1984-12-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-12-16 | 1988-06-16 | 1988-12-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-12-16 | 1992-06-16 | 1992-12-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |