US4239548A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Titanium dioxide pigment
Assignee: Tioxide Group Ltd
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Filing: 1979-12-06
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Granted: 1980-12-16
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Expires: 1999-12-06
Abstract
Abstract Commercial titanium dioxide pigments to be used in paper laminates have been prepared by a method which involves calcining a coated pigment. A new pigment having an excellent stability to degradation by light when used in such laminates is produced without calcination of the coated pigment. The pigment comprises rutile titanium dioxide particles having an inner coating containing cerium and phosphate radicals and an outer coating containing aluminium and phosphate radicals and optionally hydrous alumina. The pigment preferably contains a surface stabilizer such as a fluoride, preferably calcium fluoride. Amounts of cerium phosphate are from 0.05% to 1% (as CeO 2 ) and of aluminium phosphate between 0.05% and 5% by weight (as Al 2 O 3 ) on TiO 2 .
Inventors
- 👤 Brian Barnard
- 👤 William T. Laverick
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 05:43
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09C; C09C1/00; C09C1/36; C09C1/3607; C09C1/3653; C09C1/3661; D; D21; D21H; D21H17/00; D21H17/63; D21H17/67; D21H17/69; C01; C01P; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/80; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/60; C01P2006/80
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
33 words
A titanium dioxide pigment comprising particles of rutile titanium dioxide having an inner coating comprising cerium and phosphate radicals and an outer coating covering the inner coating and comprising aluminium and phosphate radicals.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
33 words
A titanium dioxide pigment comprising particles of rutile titanium dioxide having an inner coating comprising cerium and phosphate radicals and an outer coating covering the inner coating and comprising aluminium and phosphate radicals.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
35 words
A pigment according to claim 1 in which the inner coating comprises cerium phosphate in an amount equivalent to 0.05% to 1% expressed as CeO 2 on the weight of titanium dioxide in the pigment.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
A pigment according to claim 2 in which the amount of cerium phosphate is from 0.1 to 0.4% by weight expressed as CeO 2 on the weight of TiO 2 .
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
39 words
A pigment according to claim 1 in which the outer coating comprises aluminium phosphate in an amount of from 0.05% to 5% by weight expressed as Al 2 O 3 on the weight of TiO 2 in the pigment.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
A pigment according to claim 4 in which the amount of aluminium phosphate is from 0.1% to 2% expressed as Al 2 O 3 by weight of TiO 2 .
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
A pigment according to claim 1 in which the outer coating also includes hydrous aluminium oxide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
70 words
A pigment according to any one of the preceding claims in which there is also present a surface stabiliser to increase further the resistance to discolouration by light of a composition containing the pigment and selected from the class of stabilisers consisting of metal halates, metal perhalates, antimony oxide and fluorides of barium, strontium, magnesium, tin, antimony, titanium, zirconium, sodium potassium, ammonium, lithium, aluminium, zinc, rare earth metals and calcium.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
A pigment according to claim 7 in which the calcium fluoride is fluorspar.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
A pigment according to claim 1 in which at least 98% by weight of the titanium dioxide is in the rutile form.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
57 words
A process for the manufacture of a titanium dioxide pigment which comprises adding to an aqueous dispersion of pigmentary rutile titanium dioxide a water soluble cerium compound followed by a water soluble phosphate or phosphoric acid followed by a water soluble aluminium compound and changing the pH of the mixture to a value from 5 to 7.5.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
57 words
A process for the manufacture of a titanium dioxide pigment which comprises adding to an aqueous dispersion of pigmentary rutile titanium dioxide a water soluble cerium compound followed by a water soluble phosphate or phosphoric acid followed by a water soluble aluminium compound and changing the pH of the mixture to a value from 5 to 7.5.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 10 in which the rutile titanium dioxide is that obtained from the sulphate process and is milled in a sand mill to form the aqueous dispersion.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 10 in which the aqueous dispersion of pigmentary rutile titanium dioxide is formed with the assistance of a dispersion agent.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 12 in which the dispersion agent is sodium hexametaphosphate or an amine.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 11 in which the rutile titanium dioxide is zinc free and milled in the presence of an organic dispersion agent.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 10 in which a surface stabiliser is added in solid form to the aqueous dispersion.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 10 in which a surface stabiliser is milled in water to form an aqueous dispersion which is then added to the aqueous dispersion of rutile titanium dioxide.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 10 in which a surface stabiliser is formed in the aqueous dispersion of rutile titanium dioxide by precipitation from suitable reactants.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 10 in which calcium fluoride is added to the particles of rutile titanium dioxide.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-12-16 | 1984-06-16 | 1984-12-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-12-16 | 1988-06-16 | 1988-12-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-12-16 | 1992-06-16 | 1992-12-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |