US4234462A
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Process for activating a catalyst
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1979-01-05
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Granted: 1980-11-18
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Expires: 1999-01-05
Abstract
Abstract A catalyst comprising, as an active ingredient, one of the following metals: copper, chromium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, zinc, and aluminum, is activated by the reduction of metals with an organic compound as a reducing agent. Such organic compounds as C 8 -C 35 saturated hydrocarbons, C 8 -C 19 unsaturated hydrocarbons, C 8 -C 29 alicyclic hydrocarbons, C 8 -C 10 aromatic hydrocarbons, C 11 -C 13 aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbons, C 5 -C 30 monohydric alcohols, C 2 -C 6 polyhydric alcohols, phenols, C 7 -C 18 aliphatic aldehydes, C 7 -C 18 aromatic aldehydes, C 7 -C 35 aliphatic ketones, C 6 -C 29 alicyclic ketones, C 2 -C 31 aliphatic carboxylic acids, C 2 -C 31 esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids, aromatic acids, carbohydrates, vegetable oils, animal fats, waxes, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene and polybutadiene, may be used as a reducing agent singly or mixed. The reducing agent is taken in an amount of 4 to 15 wt. %. per weight of the active ingredient of the catalyst. The process of reduction is carried out at a temperature ranging from 200° to 800° C.
Inventors
- 👤 Petr G. Bondar
- 👤 Anna S. Zavadskaya
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 19:37
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J37/00; B01J37/16
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
184 words
A process for activating a catalyst including, as an active ingredient, at least one of the following metals: copper, chromium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, zinc, and aluminum, which process consists essentially of the steps of: mixing the catalyst with a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of C 8 -C 35 saturated hydrocarbons, C 8 -C 19 unsaturated hydrocarbons, C 8 -C 29 alicyclic hydrocarbons, C 8 -C 10 aromatic hydrocarbons, C 11 -C 13 aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbons, C 5 -C 30 monohydric alcohols, C 2 -C 6 polyhydric alcohols, phenols, C 7 -C 18 aliphatic aldehydes, C 7 -C 18 aromatic aldehydes, C 7 -C 35 aliphatic ketones, C 6 -C 29 alicyclic ketones, C 2 -C 31 aliphatic carboxylic acids, C 2 -C 31 esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids, aromatic acids, carbohydrates, vegetable oils, animal fats, waxes, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene and polybutadiene, in an amount of 4 to 15 wt.% per weight of the active ingredient of the catalyst; and subsequently heating the resulting mixture to a temperature ranging from 200° to 800° C. in an atmosphere inert to the catalyst.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
184 words
A process for activating a catalyst including, as an active ingredient, at least one of the following metals: copper, chromium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, zinc, and aluminum, which process consists essentially of the steps of: mixing the catalyst with a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of C 8 -C 35 saturated hydrocarbons, C 8 -C 19 unsaturated hydrocarbons, C 8 -C 29 alicyclic hydrocarbons, C 8 -C 10 aromatic hydrocarbons, C 11 -C 13 aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbons, C 5 -C 30 monohydric alcohols, C 2 -C 6 polyhydric alcohols, phenols, C 7 -C 18 aliphatic aldehydes, C 7 -C 18 aromatic aldehydes, C 7 -C 35 aliphatic ketones, C 6 -C 29 alicyclic ketones, C 2 -C 31 aliphatic carboxylic acids, C 2 -C 31 esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids, aromatic acids, carbohydrates, vegetable oils, animal fats, waxes, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene and polybutadiene, in an amount of 4 to 15 wt.% per weight of the active ingredient of the catalyst; and subsequently heating the resulting mixture to a temperature ranging from 200° to 800° C. in an atmosphere inert to the catalyst.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 8 -C 10 aromatic hydrocarbon is diphenyl.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 8 -C 10 aromatic hydrocarbon is naphthalene.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 11 -C 13 aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon is diphenylmethane.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 11 -C 13 aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon is methylnaphthalene.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 5 -C 30 monohydric alcohol is cyclohexanol.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 2 -C 6 polyhydric alcohol is pentaerythritol.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 2 -C 6 polyhydric alcohol is glycerin.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 7 -C 18 aldehyde is benzaldehyde.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 6 -C 29 alicyclic ketone is cyclohexanone.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 8 -C 29 alicyclic ketone is cyclononacosanone.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 7 -C 35 aliphatic ketone is dipropyl ketone.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 2 -C 31 aliphatic carboxylic acid is benzoic acid.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
10 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the carbohydrates are monosaccharides.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
10 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the carbohydrates are disaccharides.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
10 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the carbohydrates are polysaccharides.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 8 -C 35 saturated hydrocarbon is C 16 -C 35 paraffin.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process of claim 1, wherein the C 8 -C 19 unsaturated hydrocarbon is octene.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1, wherein said metals are in the form of oxides or salts.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is zinc-chromium, and the temperature varies from 200°-350° C.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is copper, and the temperature varies from 400°-650° C.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the inert atmosphere is nitrogen.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-11-18 | 1984-05-19 | 1984-11-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-11-18 | 1988-05-19 | 1988-11-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-11-18 | 1992-05-19 | 1992-11-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |