US4233148A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electrode composition
Assignee: GREAT LAKES CARBON Corp
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Filing: 1979-10-01
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Granted: 1980-11-11
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Expires: 1999-10-01
Abstract
Abstract Electrodes suitable for the electrolysis of solutions, in particular for the production of aluminum in Hall-Heroult reduction cells, are composed of SnO 2 with various amounts of conductive agents and sintering promoters principally GeO 2 , Co 3 O 4 , Bi 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 3 , MnO 2 , CuO, Pr 2 O 3 , In 2 O 3 , MoO 3 .
Inventors
- 👤 David E. Ramsey
- 👤 Lloyd I. Grindstaff
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 16:28
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25C; C25C3/00; C25C3/06; C25C3/08; C25C3/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
62 words
An electrode suitable for the production of aluminum in a Hall cell comprising a homogeneous sintered ceramic body having the composition of 67 to 78% SnO 2 , 19 to 30% GeO 2 and from 1 to 3% of an electroconductive oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 .
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
62 words
An electrode suitable for the production of aluminum in a Hall cell comprising a homogeneous sintered ceramic body having the composition of 67 to 78% SnO 2 , 19 to 30% GeO 2 and from 1 to 3% of an electroconductive oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 .
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
48 words
The electrode of claim 1 prepared by the method of mixing the ingredients in the powdered form, cold pressing the so-formed powdered mixture in a mold at a pressure of at least 5000 psi., and sintering the cold pressed form at a temperature of at least 1200° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein the electroconductive oxide is Sb 2 O 3 .
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein the electroconductive oxide is Bi 2 O 3 .
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein the electroconductive oxide is MnO 2 .
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
67 words
An electrode suitable for the production of aluminum in a Hall cell comprising a sintered ceramic body of homogeneous composition having a composition of from 47 to 79% SnO 2 , from 20 to 50% Co 3 O 4 and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 .
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
67 words
An electrode suitable for the production of aluminum in a Hall cell comprising a sintered ceramic body of homogeneous composition having a composition of from 47 to 79% SnO 2 , from 20 to 50% Co 3 O 4 and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 .
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
66 words
An electrode of homogeneous composition comprising a rutile crystalline ceramic body having a composition of from 47 to 79% SnO 2 , from 8 to 25% Co 3 O 4 , from 8 to 25% GeO 2 , and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 .
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
66 words
An electrode of homogeneous composition comprising a rutile crystalline ceramic body having a composition of from 47 to 79% SnO 2 , from 8 to 25% Co 3 O 4 , from 8 to 25% GeO 2 , and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 .
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
67 words
An electrode suitable for the production of aluminum in a Hall cell comprising a homogeneous sintered ceramic body having the composition of from 64 to 79% SnO 2 , 15 to 30% GeO 2 , 1 to 3% CuO, and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Pr 2 O 3 , In 2 O 3 , and MoO 3 .
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
67 words
An electrode suitable for the production of aluminum in a Hall cell comprising a homogeneous sintered ceramic body having the composition of from 64 to 79% SnO 2 , 15 to 30% GeO 2 , 1 to 3% CuO, and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Pr 2 O 3 , In 2 O 3 , and MoO 3 .
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
69 words
An electrode suitable for the production of aluminum in a Hall cell comprising a homogeneous sintered ceramic body having the composition of from 57 to 79% SnO 2 , from 9 to 20% GeO 2 , from 9 to 20% ZnO, and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 .
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
69 words
An electrode suitable for the production of aluminum in a Hall cell comprising a homogeneous sintered ceramic body having the composition of from 57 to 79% SnO 2 , from 9 to 20% GeO 2 , from 9 to 20% ZnO, and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 .
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrode of claim 9 with from 1 to 3% Sb 2 O 3 .
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
235 words
A homogeneous sintered ceramic body suitable for use as an anode in the production of aluminum in a Hall cell comprising SnO 2 in an amount from 47% to less than 80%; and when SnO 2 is from 67 to 78%, includes from 19 to 30% GeO 2 and from 1 to 3% of a compound selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 ; and when SnO 2 is from 47 to 79%, includes from 20 to 50% Co 3 O 4 or from 8 to 25% Co 3 O 4 and 8 to 25% GeO 2 and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 ; and when SnO 2 is from 64 to 79%, includes 15 to 30% GeO 2 and 1 to 3% CuO and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Pr 2 O 3 , In 2 O 3 , and MoO 3 ; and when SnO 2 is from 57 to 79%, includes from 9 to 20% GeO 2 and from 9 to 20% ZnO and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 .
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
235 words
A homogeneous sintered ceramic body suitable for use as an anode in the production of aluminum in a Hall cell comprising SnO 2 in an amount from 47% to less than 80%; and when SnO 2 is from 67 to 78%, includes from 19 to 30% GeO 2 and from 1 to 3% of a compound selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 ; and when SnO 2 is from 47 to 79%, includes from 20 to 50% Co 3 O 4 or from 8 to 25% Co 3 O 4 and 8 to 25% GeO 2 and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 ; and when SnO 2 is from 64 to 79%, includes 15 to 30% GeO 2 and 1 to 3% CuO and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Pr 2 O 3 , In 2 O 3 , and MoO 3 ; and when SnO 2 is from 57 to 79%, includes from 9 to 20% GeO 2 and from 9 to 20% ZnO and from 1 to 3% of an oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 .
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-11-11 | 1984-05-12 | 1984-11-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-11-11 | 1988-05-12 | 1988-11-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-11-11 | 1992-05-12 | 1992-11-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |