US4230945A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Device for detecting ionizing radiation
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1978-04-24
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Granted: 1980-10-28
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Expires: 1998-04-24
Abstract
Abstract The present invention relates to ionizing radiation sensors, and, more particularly, to semiconductor spectrometers with thermoelectric cooling, and can most advantageously be used in mineral raw material exploration and evaluation under field conditions. The spectrometer comprises a vacuum chamber with an entrance window for passing the radiation therethrough. The vacuum chamber accommodates a thermoelectric cooler formed by a set of Peltier elements. A heat conducting plate is mounted on the cold side of the thermoelectric cooler, and its hot side is provided with a radiator. Mounted on the heat conducting plate are sets of Peltier elements, integral with the thermoelectric cooler and independent of one another. The Peltier elements of these sets are stacked so as to develop the minimum temperature conditions on one set carrying a semiconductor detector and to provide the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on the other set provided with the field-effect transistor mounted thereon.
Inventors
- 👤 Vladimir A. Meir
- 👤 Alexei N. Zhukovsky
- 👤 Vladimir S. Ponomarev
- 👤 Vladimir G. Subbotin
- 👤 Jury P. Kharitonov
- 👤 Vladimir F. Kusniruk
- 👤 Lukyan I. Anatychuk
- 👤 Anatoly P. Melnik
- 👤 Vladimir A. Skakodub
- 👤 Alexandr D. Sokolov
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 12:54
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01T; G01T1/00; G01T1/16; G01T1/24; G01T1/244
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
229 words
A spectrometer for detecting ionizing radiation comprising: a vacuum chamber having an entrance window to pass the radiation therethrough; a thermoelectric cooler formed by a set of Peltier elements, said thermoelectric cooler having a hot side and a cold side and being arranged within said vacuum chamber; a heat conducting plate mounted on said cold side of said thermoelectric cooler; a radiator mounted on said hot side of said thermoelectric cooler to remove heat therefrom; a first set of Peltier elements, having a hot side and a cold side and being integral with said thermoelectric cooler, said hot side of said first set being in contact with said heat conducting plate, the Peltier elements of this first set being stacked so as to develop the minimum temperature conditions on said cold side of said first set; a semiconductor detector mounted on said cold side of said first set of Peltier elements; a second set of Peltier elements, having a hot side and a cold side and being integral with said thermoelectric cooler, said hot side of said second set being in contact with said heat conducting plate and the Peltier elements of this second set being stacked so as to develop the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on said cold side of said second set; a field-effect transistor mounted on said cold side of said second set of Peltier elements.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
229 words
A spectrometer for detecting ionizing radiation comprising: a vacuum chamber having an entrance window to pass the radiation therethrough; a thermoelectric cooler formed by a set of Peltier elements, said thermoelectric cooler having a hot side and a cold side and being arranged within said vacuum chamber; a heat conducting plate mounted on said cold side of said thermoelectric cooler; a radiator mounted on said hot side of said thermoelectric cooler to remove heat therefrom; a first set of Peltier elements, having a hot side and a cold side and being integral with said thermoelectric cooler, said hot side of said first set being in contact with said heat conducting plate, the Peltier elements of this first set being stacked so as to develop the minimum temperature conditions on said cold side of said first set; a semiconductor detector mounted on said cold side of said first set of Peltier elements; a second set of Peltier elements, having a hot side and a cold side and being integral with said thermoelectric cooler, said hot side of said second set being in contact with said heat conducting plate and the Peltier elements of this second set being stacked so as to develop the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on said cold side of said second set; a field-effect transistor mounted on said cold side of said second set of Peltier elements.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
42 words
A spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the Peltier elements of said first set developing the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side form a thermoelectric battery comprising at least two stages and a heat conducting plate arranged between the adjacent stages.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
41 words
A spectrometer according to claim 2, wherein the numbers of Peltier elements in the adjacent stages of the first set developing the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side are in ratio from 4:1 to 7:1 in the temperature decrease direction.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
42 words
A spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the Peltier elements of said first set developing the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side form a thermoelectric battery comprising no more than five stages with heat conducting plates arranged between the adjacent stages.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
40 words
A spectrometer according to claim 4, wherein the numbers of Peltier elements in the adjacent stages of said first set developing the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side are in ratio less than 4:1 in the temperature decrease direction.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
69 words
A spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein a third set of Peltier elements is provided, said third set being integral with said thermoelectric cooler and having a hot side and a cold side, said hot side being in contact with said heat conducting plate, the Peltier elements of said third set being stacked so as to develop the minimum temperature conditions on said cold side of said third set.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
241 words
A spectrometer for detecting ionizing radiation comprising a vacuum chamber having an entrance window to pass the radiation therethrough; a thermoelectric cooler formed by a set of Peltier elements, said thermoelectric cooler having a hot side and a cold side and being arranged within said vacuum chamber; a heat conducting plate mounted on said cold side of said thermoelectric cooler a radiator mounted on said hot side of said thermoelectric cooler; a first set of Peltier elements forming a thermoelectric battery which comprises at least two stages with a heat conducting plate therebetween, said first set being integral with said thermoelectric cooler and arranged on said heat conducting plate, thus developing the minimum temperature conditions on said cold side of said first set; a semiconductor detector mounted on said cold side of said first set of Peltier elements; a second set of Peltier elements, having a hot side and a cold side and being integral with said thermoelectric cooler, said hot side of said second set being in contact with said heat conducting plate, the Peltier elements of said second set being stacked so as to develop the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on said cold side of said second set; a field-effect transistor mounted on said cold side of said second set, the Peltier elements of said second set being stacked so as to develop the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on its cold side and to form a one-stage thermoelectric battery.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
241 words
A spectrometer for detecting ionizing radiation comprising a vacuum chamber having an entrance window to pass the radiation therethrough; a thermoelectric cooler formed by a set of Peltier elements, said thermoelectric cooler having a hot side and a cold side and being arranged within said vacuum chamber; a heat conducting plate mounted on said cold side of said thermoelectric cooler a radiator mounted on said hot side of said thermoelectric cooler; a first set of Peltier elements forming a thermoelectric battery which comprises at least two stages with a heat conducting plate therebetween, said first set being integral with said thermoelectric cooler and arranged on said heat conducting plate, thus developing the minimum temperature conditions on said cold side of said first set; a semiconductor detector mounted on said cold side of said first set of Peltier elements; a second set of Peltier elements, having a hot side and a cold side and being integral with said thermoelectric cooler, said hot side of said second set being in contact with said heat conducting plate, the Peltier elements of said second set being stacked so as to develop the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on said cold side of said second set; a field-effect transistor mounted on said cold side of said second set, the Peltier elements of said second set being stacked so as to develop the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on its cold side and to form a one-stage thermoelectric battery.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
50 words
A spectrometer according to claim 7, wherein the number of the Peltier elements in the stage of said second set developing the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on its cold side is in ratio from 1:10 to 1:40 to the number of Peltier elements in a set adjacent to said radiator.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
254 words
A spectrometer for detecting ionizing radiation comprising a vacuum chamber having an entrance window to pass the radiation therethrough; a thermoelectric cooler formed by a set of Peltier elements, said thermoelectric cooler having a hot side and a cold side and being arranged within said vacuum chamber; a heat conducting plate mounted on said cold side of said thermoelectric cooler; a radiator mounted on said hot side of said thermoelectric cooler to remove heat therefrom; a first set of Peltier elements forming a thermoelectric battery comprising no more than five stages with heat conducting plates arranged between the adjacent stages, said first set being integral with said thermoelectric cooler and arranged on said heat conducting plate and developing the minimum temperature conditions on said cold side of said first set; a semiconductor detector mounted on said cold side of said first set; a second set of Peltier elements, having a hot side and a cold side, said second set being integral with said thermoelectric cooler, said hot side of said second set being in contact with said heat conducting plate, the Peltier elements of said second set being stacked so as to develop the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on said cold side of said second set; a field-effect transistor mounted on said cold side of said second set, the Peltier elements of said second set developing the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on its cold side forming a thermoelectric battery comprising no more than four stages with heat conducting plates arranged between the adjacent stages.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
254 words
A spectrometer for detecting ionizing radiation comprising a vacuum chamber having an entrance window to pass the radiation therethrough; a thermoelectric cooler formed by a set of Peltier elements, said thermoelectric cooler having a hot side and a cold side and being arranged within said vacuum chamber; a heat conducting plate mounted on said cold side of said thermoelectric cooler; a radiator mounted on said hot side of said thermoelectric cooler to remove heat therefrom; a first set of Peltier elements forming a thermoelectric battery comprising no more than five stages with heat conducting plates arranged between the adjacent stages, said first set being integral with said thermoelectric cooler and arranged on said heat conducting plate and developing the minimum temperature conditions on said cold side of said first set; a semiconductor detector mounted on said cold side of said first set; a second set of Peltier elements, having a hot side and a cold side, said second set being integral with said thermoelectric cooler, said hot side of said second set being in contact with said heat conducting plate, the Peltier elements of said second set being stacked so as to develop the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on said cold side of said second set; a field-effect transistor mounted on said cold side of said second set, the Peltier elements of said second set developing the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on its cold side forming a thermoelectric battery comprising no more than four stages with heat conducting plates arranged between the adjacent stages.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
43 words
A spectrometer according to claim 9, wherein the numbers of Peltier elements in the adjacent stages of said second set developing the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on its cold side are in ratio less than 4:1 in the direction towards said field-effect transistor.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
266 words
A spectrometer for detecting ionizing radiation comprising a vacuum chamber having an entrance window to pass the radiation therethrough; a thermoelectric cooler formed by a set of Peltier elements, said thermoelectric cooler having a hot side and a cold side and being arranged within said vacuum chamber; a heat conducting plate mounted on said cold side of said thermoelectric cooler; a radiator mounted on said hot side of said thermoelectric cooler to remove heat therefrom; a first set of Peltier elements, mounted on said heat conducting plate and being integral with said thermoelectric cooler, said first set forming a thermoelectric battery comprising at least two stages with a heat conducting plate arranged between the adjacent stages, said first set developing the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side; a semiconductor detector mounted on said cold side of said first set of Peltier elements; a second set of Peltier elements, mounted on said heat conducting plate and being integral with said thermoelectric cooler, said second set forming a one-stage battery and developing the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on the cold side of said second set; a field-effect transistor mounted on the cold side of said second set; a third set of Peltier elements, integral with said thermoelectric cooler and having a hot side and a cold side, said hot side being in contact with said heat conducting plate, the Peltier elements of said third set being stacked so as to develop the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side and to form a thermoelectric battery comprising at least two stages with a heat conducting plate arranged therebetween.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
266 words
A spectrometer for detecting ionizing radiation comprising a vacuum chamber having an entrance window to pass the radiation therethrough; a thermoelectric cooler formed by a set of Peltier elements, said thermoelectric cooler having a hot side and a cold side and being arranged within said vacuum chamber; a heat conducting plate mounted on said cold side of said thermoelectric cooler; a radiator mounted on said hot side of said thermoelectric cooler to remove heat therefrom; a first set of Peltier elements, mounted on said heat conducting plate and being integral with said thermoelectric cooler, said first set forming a thermoelectric battery comprising at least two stages with a heat conducting plate arranged between the adjacent stages, said first set developing the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side; a semiconductor detector mounted on said cold side of said first set of Peltier elements; a second set of Peltier elements, mounted on said heat conducting plate and being integral with said thermoelectric cooler, said second set forming a one-stage battery and developing the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on the cold side of said second set; a field-effect transistor mounted on the cold side of said second set; a third set of Peltier elements, integral with said thermoelectric cooler and having a hot side and a cold side, said hot side being in contact with said heat conducting plate, the Peltier elements of said third set being stacked so as to develop the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side and to form a thermoelectric battery comprising at least two stages with a heat conducting plate arranged therebetween.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
40 words
A spectrometer according to claim 11, wherein the number of Peltier elements in adjacent stages of said third set developing the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side are in ratio from 4:1 to 7:1 in the temperature decrease direction.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
276 words
A spectrometer for detecting ionizing radiation comprising a vacuum chamber having an entrance window to pass the radiation therethrough; a thermoelectric cooler formed by a set of Peltier elements, having a hot side and a cold side and arranged within said vacuum chamber; a heat conducting plate mounted on said cold side of said thermoelectric cooler; a radiator mounted on said hot side of said thermoelectric cooler to remove heat therefrom; a first set of Peltier elements, integral with said thermoelectric cooler and mounted on said heat conducting plate; said first set forming a thermoelectric battery comprising no more than five stages with heat conducting plates arranged between the adjacent stages, said first set developing the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side; a semiconductor detector mounted on said cold side of said first set of Peltier elements; a second set of Peltier elements, integral with said thermoelectric cooler and mounted on said heat conducting plate, said second set forming a thermoelectric battery comprising not more than four stages with heat conducting plates arranged between the adjacent stages, said second set developing the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on its cold side; a field-effect transistor mounted on said cold side of said second set; a third set of Peltier elements integral with said thermoelectric cooler and having a hot side and a cold side, said cold side being in contact with said heat conducting plate, the Peltier elements of said third set being stacked so as to develop the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side and to form a thermoelectric battery comprising no more than five stages with heat conducting plates arranged between the adjacent stages.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
276 words
A spectrometer for detecting ionizing radiation comprising a vacuum chamber having an entrance window to pass the radiation therethrough; a thermoelectric cooler formed by a set of Peltier elements, having a hot side and a cold side and arranged within said vacuum chamber; a heat conducting plate mounted on said cold side of said thermoelectric cooler; a radiator mounted on said hot side of said thermoelectric cooler to remove heat therefrom; a first set of Peltier elements, integral with said thermoelectric cooler and mounted on said heat conducting plate; said first set forming a thermoelectric battery comprising no more than five stages with heat conducting plates arranged between the adjacent stages, said first set developing the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side; a semiconductor detector mounted on said cold side of said first set of Peltier elements; a second set of Peltier elements, integral with said thermoelectric cooler and mounted on said heat conducting plate, said second set forming a thermoelectric battery comprising not more than four stages with heat conducting plates arranged between the adjacent stages, said second set developing the maximum refrigeration capacity conditions on its cold side; a field-effect transistor mounted on said cold side of said second set; a third set of Peltier elements integral with said thermoelectric cooler and having a hot side and a cold side, said cold side being in contact with said heat conducting plate, the Peltier elements of said third set being stacked so as to develop the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side and to form a thermoelectric battery comprising no more than five stages with heat conducting plates arranged between the adjacent stages.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
40 words
A spectrometer according to claim 13, wherein the numbers of Peltier elements in the adjacent stages of said third set developing the minimum temperature conditions on its cold side are in ratio less than 4:1 in the temperature decrease direction.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
34 words
A spectrometer according to any of claims 1 and 7-14 wherein, the spectrometer is accommodated within a well shell, and the diameter of said radiator being equal to the outer diameter of said shell.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-10-28 | 1984-04-28 | 1984-10-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-10-28 | 1988-04-28 | 1988-10-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-10-28 | 1992-04-28 | 1992-10-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |