US4230668A — Process and apparatus for producing halogenated u…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 297 words

Apparatus for producing vinyl chloride monomer, said apparatus comprising in combination: a reaction vessel, a bed of non-catalytic solids in said reaction vessel, means for feeding ethylene dichloride into said reaction vessel so as to fluidize said bed of solids, at least one solid transfer line connected at one end to a solids exit port in the bottom of said reaction vessel and at the opposite end to a solids reentry port in the side of said reaction vessel, a plurality of chlorine injection ports spaced along said solids transfer line between its ends, and means for feeding ethylene into said line adjacent the end connected to said solids exit port so as to cause solids to circulate from the bottom of said bed into and through said line and into the side of said reaction vessel, so that heat produced by the reaction of ethylene and chlorine in said solids transfer line can be absorbed by said circulating solids and carried into said reaction vessel, means for removing a reaction products effluent from said reaction vessel, means for separately recovering hydrogen chloride and vinyl chloride from the effluent withdrawn from said reaction vessel, an oxyhydrochlorination reactor containing an oxyhydrochlorination catalyst, means defining a source of ethylene, a source of oxygen and means defining a source of hydrogen chloride, means connecting said sources of ethylene, oxygen and hydrogen chloride respectively to means for feeding ethylene, oxygen and hydrogen chloride to said oxyhydrochlorination reactor for contact with said oxyhydrochlorination catalyst whereby to form ethylene dichloride, means for removing the oxyhydrochlorination reaction effluent from said oxyhydrochlorination reactor, and means for recovering ethylene dichloride from the effluent removed from said oxyhydrochlorination reaction effluent and delivering said recovered ethylene dichloride to said means for feeding ethylene dichloride to said reaction vessel.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 297 words

Apparatus for producing vinyl chloride monomer, said apparatus comprising in combination: a reaction vessel, a bed of non-catalytic solids in said reaction vessel, means for feeding ethylene dichloride into said reaction vessel so as to fluidize said bed of solids, at least one solid transfer line connected at one end to a solids exit port in the bottom of said reaction vessel and at the opposite end to a solids reentry port in the side of said reaction vessel, a plurality of chlorine injection ports spaced along said solids transfer line between its ends, and means for feeding ethylene into said line adjacent the end connected to said solids exit port so as to cause solids to circulate from the bottom of said bed into and through said line and into the side of said reaction vessel, so that heat produced by the reaction of ethylene and chlorine in said solids transfer line can be absorbed by said circulating solids and carried into said reaction vessel, means for removing a reaction products effluent from said reaction vessel, means for separately recovering hydrogen chloride and vinyl chloride from the effluent withdrawn from said reaction vessel, an oxyhydrochlorination reactor containing an oxyhydrochlorination catalyst, means defining a source of ethylene, a source of oxygen and means defining a source of hydrogen chloride, means connecting said sources of ethylene, oxygen and hydrogen chloride respectively to means for feeding ethylene, oxygen and hydrogen chloride to said oxyhydrochlorination reactor for contact with said oxyhydrochlorination catalyst whereby to form ethylene dichloride, means for removing the oxyhydrochlorination reaction effluent from said oxyhydrochlorination reactor, and means for recovering ethylene dichloride from the effluent removed from said oxyhydrochlorination reaction effluent and delivering said recovered ethylene dichloride to said means for feeding ethylene dichloride to said reaction vessel.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 18 words

Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said solids reentry port is located above the level of said bed.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 23 words

Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said solids reentry port is located at a level between the top and bottom of said bed.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 34 words

Apparatus according to claim 1 further including means for delivering the hydrogen chloride recovered from the reaction effluent withdrawn from said reaction vessel to said means for feeding hydrogen chloride to said oxyhydrochlorination reactor.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 22 words

Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said non-catalytic solids have a surface area of less than about 50 square meters per gram.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 30 words

Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said non-catalytic solids are selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, silica-alumina, glass powder and carbon solids of about 50-70 microns average diameter.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 263 words

Apparatus for producing vinyl chloride monomer comprising means defining a first reaction chamber, a bed of non-catalytic solids in said chamber, means defining a source of ethylene dichloride, means for feeding ethylene dichloride from said source into said first chamber so as to fluidize said bed of solids, at least one hollow riser made of a ceramic material and disposed in said first chamber having one end communicating with the bottom of said bed and an opposite end communicating with said first chamber at a level above the bottom of said bed, means defining a source of chlorine, means for feeding chlorine from said source into said riser at several points spaced along said riser between said one end and said opposite end of said riser, means defining a source of ethylene and means for feeding ethylene from said source into said one end of said riser so as to direct all of said ethylene into said riser and to cause solids to circulate from the bottom of said bed into said one end of said riser and from said opposite end of said riser back into said first chamber, whereby (a) ethylene and chlorine can react in said riser to produce ethylene dichloride and heat and (b) the circulating solids can absorb heat produced by said ethylene-chlorine reaction and give up said heat to the ethylene dichloride produced in said riser and the ethylene dichloride fed into said first chamber so as to produce vinyl chloride by dehydrochlorination of said ethylene dichloride, and means for removing reaction products from said first chamber.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 263 words

Apparatus for producing vinyl chloride monomer comprising means defining a first reaction chamber, a bed of non-catalytic solids in said chamber, means defining a source of ethylene dichloride, means for feeding ethylene dichloride from said source into said first chamber so as to fluidize said bed of solids, at least one hollow riser made of a ceramic material and disposed in said first chamber having one end communicating with the bottom of said bed and an opposite end communicating with said first chamber at a level above the bottom of said bed, means defining a source of chlorine, means for feeding chlorine from said source into said riser at several points spaced along said riser between said one end and said opposite end of said riser, means defining a source of ethylene and means for feeding ethylene from said source into said one end of said riser so as to direct all of said ethylene into said riser and to cause solids to circulate from the bottom of said bed into said one end of said riser and from said opposite end of said riser back into said first chamber, whereby (a) ethylene and chlorine can react in said riser to produce ethylene dichloride and heat and (b) the circulating solids can absorb heat produced by said ethylene-chlorine reaction and give up said heat to the ethylene dichloride produced in said riser and the ethylene dichloride fed into said first chamber so as to produce vinyl chloride by dehydrochlorination of said ethylene dichloride, and means for removing reaction products from said first chamber.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 268 words

Apparatus for producing vinyl chloride monomer comprising means defining a first reaction chamber, a bed of non-catalytic solids in said chamber, means defining a source of ethylene dichloride, means for feeding ethylene dichloride from said source into said first chamber so as to fluidize said bed of solids, at least one hollow riser disposed in said first chamber having one end communicating with the bottom of said bed and an opposite end communicating with said first chamber at a level above the bottom of said bed, said one end of said riser comprising a venturi mixing nozzle, means defining a source of chlorine, means for feeding chlorine from said source into said riser at several points spaced along said riser between said one end and said opposite end of said riser, means defining a source of ethylene and means for feeding ethylene from said source into said one end of said riser so as to direct all of said ethylene into said riser and to cause solids to circulate from the bottom of said bed into said one end of said riser and from said opposite end of said riser back into said first chamber, whereby (a) ethylene and chlorine can react in said riser to produce ethylene dichloride and heat and (b) the circulating solids can absorb heat produced by said ethylene-chlorine reaction and give up said heat to the ethylene dichloride produced in said riser and the ethylene dichloride fed into said first chamber so as to produce vinyl chloride by dehydrochlorination of said ethylene dichloride, and means for removing reaction products from said first chamber.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 268 words

Apparatus for producing vinyl chloride monomer comprising means defining a first reaction chamber, a bed of non-catalytic solids in said chamber, means defining a source of ethylene dichloride, means for feeding ethylene dichloride from said source into said first chamber so as to fluidize said bed of solids, at least one hollow riser disposed in said first chamber having one end communicating with the bottom of said bed and an opposite end communicating with said first chamber at a level above the bottom of said bed, said one end of said riser comprising a venturi mixing nozzle, means defining a source of chlorine, means for feeding chlorine from said source into said riser at several points spaced along said riser between said one end and said opposite end of said riser, means defining a source of ethylene and means for feeding ethylene from said source into said one end of said riser so as to direct all of said ethylene into said riser and to cause solids to circulate from the bottom of said bed into said one end of said riser and from said opposite end of said riser back into said first chamber, whereby (a) ethylene and chlorine can react in said riser to produce ethylene dichloride and heat and (b) the circulating solids can absorb heat produced by said ethylene-chlorine reaction and give up said heat to the ethylene dichloride produced in said riser and the ethylene dichloride fed into said first chamber so as to produce vinyl chloride by dehydrochlorination of said ethylene dichloride, and means for removing reaction products from said first chamber.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 280 words

Apparatus for producing vinyl chloride monomer comprising means defining a first reaction chamber, a bed of non-catalytic solids in said chamber, means defining a source of ethylene dichloride, means for feeding ethylene dichloride from said source into said first chamber so as to fluidize said bed of solids, at least one hollow riser disposed in said first chamber having one end communicating with the bottom of said bed and an opposite end communicating with said first chamber at a level above the bottom of said bed, said opposite end of said riser comprising at least one horizontally directed discharge part for directing solids and gases laterally into said bed, means defining a source of chlorine, means for feeding chlorine from said source into said riser at several points spaced along said riser between said one end and said opposite end of said riser, means defining a source of ethylene and means for feeding ethylene from said source into said one end of said riser so as to direct all of said ethylene into said riser and to cause solids to circulate from the bottom of said bed into said one end of said riser and from said opposite end of said riser back into said first chamber, whereby (a) ethylene and chlorine can react in said riser to produce ethylene dichloride and heat and (b) the circulating solids can absorb heat produced by said ethylene-chlorine reaction and give up said heat to the ethylene dichloride produced in said riser and the ethylene dichloride fed into said first chamber so as to produce vinyl chloride by dehydrochlorination of said ethylene dichloride, and means for removing reaction products from said first chamber.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 280 words

Apparatus for producing vinyl chloride monomer comprising means defining a first reaction chamber, a bed of non-catalytic solids in said chamber, means defining a source of ethylene dichloride, means for feeding ethylene dichloride from said source into said first chamber so as to fluidize said bed of solids, at least one hollow riser disposed in said first chamber having one end communicating with the bottom of said bed and an opposite end communicating with said first chamber at a level above the bottom of said bed, said opposite end of said riser comprising at least one horizontally directed discharge part for directing solids and gases laterally into said bed, means defining a source of chlorine, means for feeding chlorine from said source into said riser at several points spaced along said riser between said one end and said opposite end of said riser, means defining a source of ethylene and means for feeding ethylene from said source into said one end of said riser so as to direct all of said ethylene into said riser and to cause solids to circulate from the bottom of said bed into said one end of said riser and from said opposite end of said riser back into said first chamber, whereby (a) ethylene and chlorine can react in said riser to produce ethylene dichloride and heat and (b) the circulating solids can absorb heat produced by said ethylene-chlorine reaction and give up said heat to the ethylene dichloride produced in said riser and the ethylene dichloride fed into said first chamber so as to produce vinyl chloride by dehydrochlorination of said ethylene dichloride, and means for removing reaction products from said first chamber.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1983-10-28	1984-04-28	1984-10-28	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1987-10-28	1988-04-28	1988-10-28	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1991-10-28	1992-04-28	1992-10-28	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Process and apparatus for producing halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons

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