US4229542A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Apparatus for the measuring of the concentration of low-molecular compounds in complex media
Assignee: Gambro Lundia AB
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Filing: 1976-12-30
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Granted: 1980-10-21
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Expires: 1996-12-30
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus is provided which measures the content of a low-molecular compound, such as glucose, cholesterol, or urea, in a complex medium, such as blood. A dialyzer is placed in contact with the complex medium so that the complex medium may pass therethrough. In addition, dialysis fluid is supplied through the dialyzer to produce a dialysate having a property which can be measured. In the preferred embodiment, an enzyme is added to the dialysate to chemically react with the low-molecular compound to produce a chemical change which can be measured.
Inventors
- 👤 Ulf T. G. Nylen
- 👤 Lars A. G. Qvarnstrom
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 10:45
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61B; A61B5/00; A61B5/145; A61B5/1468; A61B5/1486; A61B5/14865; A61B5/14525; A61B5/14528; A61B5/68; A61B5/6846; A61B5/6847; A61B5/686; B; B01; B01D; B01D61/00; B01D61/24; B01D61/243; B01D63/00; B01D63/02; B01D63/04; B01D63/043; C; C12; C12N; C12N11/00; C12N11/14
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
216 words
Apparatus for sampling and measuring the content of a low-molecular weight compound in a complex fluid medium to be sampled, comprising: a dialyzer having one or more semipermeable membranes having inlet and outlet means to be disposed within said complex fluid medium to form therein one or more passageways for the passage of dialysis fluid, said passageways being substantially smaller in volume than the volume of said complex fluid medium surrounding said passageways for dialyzing only a fractional portion of said complex fluid medium, means for supplying said dialysis fluid through said passageways in said complex fluid medium such that only a fractional portion of said surrounding complex fluid medium is acted on by said dialysis fluid and dialyzed whereby a fractional portion of the low-molecular weight compound diffuses into said passageways containing said dialysis fluid to produce a dialysate in said passageways, means for maintaining the pressure of said dialysis fluid within said passageways higher than the pressure of said complex fluid medium to substantially reduce ultrafiltration from said complex fluid medium to said dialysis fluid, a reaction zone connected to said passageways including means for supplying enzyme under conditions sufficient for the enzyme to react with the dialysate, and means connected to said reaction zone for measuring a property of said enzymatically reacted dialysate.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
216 words
Apparatus for sampling and measuring the content of a low-molecular weight compound in a complex fluid medium to be sampled, comprising: a dialyzer having one or more semipermeable membranes having inlet and outlet means to be disposed within said complex fluid medium to form therein one or more passageways for the passage of dialysis fluid, said passageways being substantially smaller in volume than the volume of said complex fluid medium surrounding said passageways for dialyzing only a fractional portion of said complex fluid medium, means for supplying said dialysis fluid through said passageways in said complex fluid medium such that only a fractional portion of said surrounding complex fluid medium is acted on by said dialysis fluid and dialyzed whereby a fractional portion of the low-molecular weight compound diffuses into said passageways containing said dialysis fluid to produce a dialysate in said passageways, means for maintaining the pressure of said dialysis fluid within said passageways higher than the pressure of said complex fluid medium to substantially reduce ultrafiltration from said complex fluid medium to said dialysis fluid, a reaction zone connected to said passageways including means for supplying enzyme under conditions sufficient for the enzyme to react with the dialysate, and means connected to said reaction zone for measuring a property of said enzymatically reacted dialysate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
42 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said dialyzer includes two hollow fibres of a semipermeable membrane material through which said dialysis fluid flows and which receives by diffusion said low-molecular weight compound which combines with said dialysis fluid to produce said dialysate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus of claim 2 further including means for separately controlling the flow of dialysis fluid through each of said two hollow fibers.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said semipermeable membranes are hollow fibres.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said pressure means includes a pumping mechanism for pumping said dialysis fluid through said passageways.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein a portion of said dialyzer, through which dialysis fluid passes, is placed directly in the source of the complex medium.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
44 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said dialyzer includes one or more hollow fibres of a semipermeable membrane material through which said dialysis fluid flows and which receives by diffusion said low-molecular weight compound which combines with said dialysis fluid to produce said dialysate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said hollow fibres are made of regenerated cellulose.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
33 words
Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said dialyzer is a plate dialyzer including a membrane which is arranged in said dialyzer to form chambers through which the dialysis fluid can be pumped.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
Apparatus in accordance with claim 9 wherein said membrane is fixed by means of a clamping arrangement to the walls of said dialyzer to form said chambers.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 further including means for diluting said dialysate with water, buffer, and/or reagent solution.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said reaction zone includes one or more enzyme beds of immobilised enzyme connected between said dialyzer and said measuring means.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
34 words
Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 further including a computer unit connected to said measuring means for the evaluation of said measuring result which may be utilized for the treatment of said complex medium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 further including a flowmeter for controlling the flow through said measuring means.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
Apparatus in accordance with claim 11 wherein said measuring means include electrodes.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 wherein said measuring means includes thermistors.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said complex medium is blood and said compound is glucose.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-10-21 | 1984-04-21 | 1984-10-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-10-21 | 1988-04-21 | 1988-10-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-10-21 | 1992-04-21 | 1992-10-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |