US4225656A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Solid electrolyte for electromechanical cells and method for the production thereof
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1977-12-19
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Granted: 1980-09-30
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Expires: 1997-12-19
Abstract
Abstract Electrochemical cells are provided having solid electrolytes of enhanced conductivity at low temperatures. These electrolytes comprise binary and ternary mixtures of salts having the compositions--M 2 SO 4 --(Me) x SO 4 or M 2 SO 4 --(Me) x SO 4 ═MyX, respectively where M is--an ion of an alkali metal, Ag, or a mixture thereof, Me is an ion of a divalent metal or Ag, x is 1 or 2, x being 1 when Me is a divalent metal ion and 2 when Me is Ag, X is a halogen or sulfate ion, and y is 1 or 2, y being 1 when X is halogen and 2 when X is sulfate. In addition to having a high conductivity at lower operating temperatures, the phases are stable at least 100° C. above the transformation points.
Inventors
- 👤 Arnold Lunden
- 👤 Bjorn Heed
- 👤 Arnold J. L. Kvist
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 04:31
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M6/00; H01M6/14; H01M6/18; H01M6/185; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T29/00; Y10T29/49; Y10T29/49002; Y10T29/49108
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
174 words
An electrochemical cell having a solid electrolyte of high conductivity comprising a mixture of at least two salts of the composition M 2 SO 4 --Me x SO 4 where M is an ion of one or more alkali metals, Ag or a mixture thereof, Me is an ion of a divalent metal or Ag and x is 1 when Me is divalent and 2 when Me is Ag, with the proviso that at least when Me is Ag, the mixture further contains a salt of the composition Ma x SO 4 or Ma Y z where Ma is an ion of an alkali metal, Ag or a divalent metal other than M, Y is a halogen, x is 1 when Ma is divalent and 2 when Ma is an alkali metal or silver and z is 1 when Ma is an alkali metal or silver and 2 when Ma is divalent, and wherein the alkali metal salt is present in the electrolyte salt mixture in an amount of at least 50 mole percent.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
174 words
An electrochemical cell having a solid electrolyte of high conductivity comprising a mixture of at least two salts of the composition M 2 SO 4 --Me x SO 4 where M is an ion of one or more alkali metals, Ag or a mixture thereof, Me is an ion of a divalent metal or Ag and x is 1 when Me is divalent and 2 when Me is Ag, with the proviso that at least when Me is Ag, the mixture further contains a salt of the composition Ma x SO 4 or Ma Y z where Ma is an ion of an alkali metal, Ag or a divalent metal other than M, Y is a halogen, x is 1 when Ma is divalent and 2 when Ma is an alkali metal or silver and z is 1 when Ma is an alkali metal or silver and 2 when Ma is divalent, and wherein the alkali metal salt is present in the electrolyte salt mixture in an amount of at least 50 mole percent.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the divalent metal ion of the solid electrolyte is Ca, Mg, or Zn.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the divalent metal ion of the solid electrolyte is Ca, Mg or Zn.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
37 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte is a ternary mixture in which (SO 4 ) is the predominant anion and silver halide is provided to stabilize the transformation point of the sulfate structure.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 having a solid electrolyte of the composition Li--Ag--X--(SO 4 ), wherein X is Cl, Br, or I, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
A cell as in claim 5 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Li 2 SO 4 --Ag 2 SO 4 --AgCl.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
A cell as in claim 5 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Li 2 SO 4 --Ag 2 SO 4 --AgBr.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
A cell as in claim 5 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Li 2 SO 4 --Ag 2 SO 4 --AgI.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Li 2 SO 4 --ZnSO 4 --LiCl.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Li 2 SO 4 --CaSO 4 .
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Li 2 SO 4 --MgSO 4 .
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Na 2 SO 4 --ZnSO 4 .
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition K 2 SO 4 --ZnSO 4 .
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Ag 2 SO 4 --MgSO 4 .
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Li 2 SO 4 --Na 2 SO 4 --MgSO 4 .
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Li 2 SO 4 --Ag 2 SO 4 --MgSO 4 .
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
26 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Li 2 SO 4 --Ag 2 SO 4 --Na 2 SO 4 .
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
24 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Li 2 SO 4 --Ag 2 SO 4 --ZnSO 4 .
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
24 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte has the composition Li 2 SO 4 --Na 2 SO 4 --ZnSO 4 .
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
35 words
An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte contains from 5 to 92.5 mole percent of at least one alkali metal sulfate and from 7.5 to 36 mole percent divalent metal sulfate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
29 words
An electrochemical cell as in claim 20 wherein from 15 to 20 mole percent of Ag 2 SO 4 is substituted for a corresponding amount of alkali metal sulfate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
41 words
An electrochemical cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte contains from 5 to 92.5 mole percent of at least one alkali metal sulfate, 7.5 to 36 mole percent divalent metal sulfate, and 15 to 20 mole percent silver halide.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
29 words
An electrochemical cell as in claim 22 wherein from 15 to 20 mole percent of Ag 2 SO 4 is substituted for a corresponding amount of alkali metal sulfate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
38 words
A cell as in claim 1 wherein the proportions of salts in said mixture of salts is such that said mixture of salts has a transformation point in the range of from about room temperature to 572° C.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
196 words
A method of producing an electrochemical cell having a solid electrolyte of high conductivity which comprises preparing a mixture of at least two salts of the composition M 2 SO 4 --Me x SO 4 where m is an ion of one or more alkali metals, Ag or a mixture thereof, Me is an ion of a divalent metal or Ag and x is 1 when Me is divalent and 2 when Me is Ag, with the proviso that at least when Me is Ag, the mixture further contains a salt of the composition Ma x SO 4 or Ma Y z where Ma is an ion of an alkali metal, Ag or a divalent metal other than M, Y is a halogen, x is 1 when Ma is divalent and 2 when Ma is an alkali metal or silver and z is 1 when Ma is an alkali metal or silver and 2 when Ma is divalent, and wherein the alkali metal salt is present in the electrolyte salt mixture in an amount of at least 50 mole persent; converting said mixture into a solid mass; and attaching oppositely-active electrochemical electrodes to said solid mass.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
196 words
A method of producing an electrochemical cell having a solid electrolyte of high conductivity which comprises preparing a mixture of at least two salts of the composition M 2 SO 4 --Me x SO 4 where m is an ion of one or more alkali metals, Ag or a mixture thereof, Me is an ion of a divalent metal or Ag and x is 1 when Me is divalent and 2 when Me is Ag, with the proviso that at least when Me is Ag, the mixture further contains a salt of the composition Ma x SO 4 or Ma Y z where Ma is an ion of an alkali metal, Ag or a divalent metal other than M, Y is a halogen, x is 1 when Ma is divalent and 2 when Ma is an alkali metal or silver and z is 1 when Ma is an alkali metal or silver and 2 when Ma is divalent, and wherein the alkali metal salt is present in the electrolyte salt mixture in an amount of at least 50 mole persent; converting said mixture into a solid mass; and attaching oppositely-active electrochemical electrodes to said solid mass.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method as in claim 25 wherein the mixture of salts is heated to a temperature above the transition point and then cooled rapidly to produce the solid electrolyte.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method as in claim 26 wherein the mixture of salts is first pressed into a tablet.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as in claim 25 wherein the mixture of salts is compressed at room temperature into a solid mass to produce a solid electrolyte of high conductivity.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-09-30 | 1984-03-31 | 1984-09-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-09-30 | 1988-03-31 | 1988-09-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-09-30 | 1992-03-31 | 1992-09-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |