Patent US2248093A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4224601A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electrodynamic printing system
Assignee: ELECTRONIC IMAGES RESEARCH PARTNERS
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Filing: 1978-03-27
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Granted: 1980-09-23
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Expires: 1998-03-27
Abstract
Abstract An electrodynamic printing system with at least one conductive stylus electrode against the back side of a sheet to be written upon and a store of solid conductive writing material, preferably in a roller electrode form, disposed on the opposite side of the sheet. A circuit is provided to apply current pulses between the electrodes causing current flow therebetween through the sheet sufficient to erode writing material from the front electrode and cause it to become implanted on the sheet, for forming a writing pattern. A linear array of stylii aligned with the roller provides a line printer apparatus.
Inventors
- 👤 Sam A. Davidson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 14:49
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G15/00; G03G15/22; G03G15/34; G03G15/344; G03G15/348; G01; G01D; G01D15/00; G01D15/06; G01D15/16
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 72
Claim 1
Independent Claim
84 words
An electrodynamic printing system comprising, a back electrode having at least one conductive stylus, a front electrode having a store of conductive imaging material spaced from the back electrode, means for mounting an image receiving sheet between said electrodes in close, material transfer relationship to the front electrode, and means for applying current pulses between said electrodes to cause current conduction between said electrodes through said sheet to erode a portion of said conductive writing material and transfer the eroded material to said sheet.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
84 words
An electrodynamic printing system comprising, a back electrode having at least one conductive stylus, a front electrode having a store of conductive imaging material spaced from the back electrode, means for mounting an image receiving sheet between said electrodes in close, material transfer relationship to the front electrode, and means for applying current pulses between said electrodes to cause current conduction between said electrodes through said sheet to erode a portion of said conductive writing material and transfer the eroded material to said sheet.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 1 further defined by said circuit means having a signal means for applying across said electrodes a voltage exceeding the conduction threshold voltage.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 1 wherein said imaging material includes a thermoplastic vehicle having been converted to an electrically conductive state, forming a conductive crayon.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 3 wherein said front electrode further includes coloring agents mixed in suspension in said thermoplastic.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 3 wherein said front electrode further includes coloring agents in solution with said thermoplastic vehicle.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 3 wherein said thermoplastic vehicle consists substantially of wax.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 6 wherein said wax consists substantially of microcrystalline wax.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 6 wherein said wax consists substantially of paraffin wax.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 6 wherein said wax is colorless.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 6 wherein said wax includes 2%-5% polyethylene and is made conductive with polyethylene compatible antistatic agents.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 6 wherein said wax includes approximately 5% vinyl copolymer and is made conductive with vinyl copolymer compatible antistatic agents.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 3 wherein said writing material is formed into a cylindrical roller having means for rolling relative to a side of said sheet.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 12 wherein said circuit means includes an elongated conductor axially disposed within said cylindrical roller.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 12 wherein spring means are connected to said roller for urging said roller toward said back electrode.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 12 wherein means for smoothing the outer surface of said roller are disposed adjacent to said roller.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
29 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 12 wherein the cylindrical roller is rotatable about a fixed axis, and additionally comprising means for moving the sheet relative to said axis.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
32 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 1 wherein said conductive material comprises wax previously exposed to ionizing radiation for a duration and an intensity coverting said wax to an electrically conducting state.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 1 wherein said conductive material comprises antistatic agents.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 1 wherein said conductive material comprises carbon particles.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
19 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 19 wherein the concentration of carbon particles is greater than 30 wt. %.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
18 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 1 wherein said back electrode comprises a dot matrix array of styli.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 21 wherein said array is substantially linear.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 1 wherein said sheet to be written upon is a fibrous sheet.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 16 wherein said fibrous sheet is paper.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
32 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 1 wherein said means for applying current pulses is connected to said back electrode which transmits said current pulses through said sheet to said front electrode.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
19 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 1 wherein the image receiving sheet is in contact with the front electrode.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
19 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 1 wherein the image receiving sheet is in contact with the back electrode.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
29 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 1 and additionally comprising means for biasing the front and back electrodes toward one another and against the image receiving sheet mounted therebetween.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
112 words
A process for printing on sheet material comprising, disposing at least one conductive stylus on a back side of an image-receiving sheet, disposing a store of conductive imaging material in close, material transfer relationship to a front side of said sheet and opposite said stylus, and establishing a current path from the conductive stylus to the conductive writing material through the sheet therebetween, said current path established by providing a current pulse in said current path for eroding imaging material from said store, said current pulse having an intensity and a duration sufficient for causing writing material erosion from said store and adherance on said sheet, without hole formation in said sheet.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
112 words
A process for printing on sheet material comprising, disposing at least one conductive stylus on a back side of an image-receiving sheet, disposing a store of conductive imaging material in close, material transfer relationship to a front side of said sheet and opposite said stylus, and establishing a current path from the conductive stylus to the conductive writing material through the sheet therebetween, said current path established by providing a current pulse in said current path for eroding imaging material from said store, said current pulse having an intensity and a duration sufficient for causing writing material erosion from said store and adherance on said sheet, without hole formation in said sheet.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
23 words
The printing process of claim 29 further defined by feeding said sheet between said conductive stylus and said store of conductive imaging material.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 30 further defined by providing a series of sequential current pulses to said current path for forming a series of dots in rectilinear or curvilinear alignment.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
16 words
The printing process of claim 31 further defined by spacing dots sufficiently close as to overlap.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
31 words
The printing process of claim 31 further defined by forming a new dot overlapping an existing dot with sufficient energy to cause the new dot to flow into the existing dot.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
24 words
The printing process of claim 29 further defined by printing with sufficient energy to cause the imaging material to penetrate a sheet of paper.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
36 words
The printing process of claim 34 further defined by printing with sufficient energy to cause imaging the material to penetrate at least one sheet of paper and mark another laminated sheet, for printing multiple copies simultaneously.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
19 words
The printing process of claim 29 further defined by altering the current pulse to print dots of variable diameter.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
19 words
The printing process of claim 29 further defined by altering the current pulse to print dots of variable intensity.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
32 words
The printing process of claim 29 further defined by disposing a plurality of conductive styli opposite said store of conductive imaging material, said styli aligned in a row transverse to said sheet.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
29 words
The printing process of claim 29 further defined by moving said store of imaging material relative to said sheet to expose fresh areas of said store to said sheet.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
23 words
The printing process of claim 29 further defined by arranging said store in a cylinder and rotating said cylinder relative to said sheet.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
24 words
The printing process of claim 29 further defined by smoothing areas of said store which have become roughened by erosion of said imaging material.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
16 words
The printing process of claim 29 further defined by including pigments to color said imaging material.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
16 words
The printing process of claim 29 further defined by including dyes to color said imaging material.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
111 words
An electrodynamic printing system comprising, an array of independently addressable conductive styli, a store of substantially solid electrically conductive imaging material adapted to erode in the presence of an electric current spaced from said array, means for mounting an image-receiving sheet between the conductive styli and the store of imaging material in close, material transfer relationship to said store, and means for applying current pulses between selected styli and the store of conductive imaging material to establish localized electric currents between the imaging material and the selective styli and erode portions of the imaging materials so that said portions of material are transferred to the sheet and provide an image thereon.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
111 words
An electrodynamic printing system comprising, an array of independently addressable conductive styli, a store of substantially solid electrically conductive imaging material adapted to erode in the presence of an electric current spaced from said array, means for mounting an image-receiving sheet between the conductive styli and the store of imaging material in close, material transfer relationship to said store, and means for applying current pulses between selected styli and the store of conductive imaging material to establish localized electric currents between the imaging material and the selective styli and erode portions of the imaging materials so that said portions of material are transferred to the sheet and provide an image thereon.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 44 wherein the array of styli is linear.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
16 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 44 wherein the store is in contact with the sheet.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
27 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 44 and additionally comprising means for biasing the array and the store toward one another and in contact with the sheet.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
23 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 44 wherein the localized electrical currents are initiated from the store through the sheet to the styli.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
21 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 44 wherein the store is in the shape of a cylindrical roller which is rotatable.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
26 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 44 wherein the mounting means includes means for moving the paper through the space between the array and the store.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
31 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 44 wherein the imaging material includes a thermoplastic vehicle having been converted to an electrically conductive state and including coloring agents, forming a conductive crayon.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 51 wherein said thermoplastic vehicle consists substantially of wax.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
25 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 51 wherein the roller and the array are biased toward one another in contact with the image-receiving sheet inbetween.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
31 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 51 wherein the imaging material is adapted to at least partially melt in the presence of an electric current and flow onto the image-receiving sheet.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
56 words
The electrodynamic printing system of claim 44 wherein said imaging material is adapted to at least partially melt in the presence of an electric current, and wherein said mounting means comprises means for mounting the image-receiving sheet so that said sheet is in contact with the store and the melted imaging material flows onto said sheet.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
110 words
An electrodynamic printing system comprising, an array of independently addressable conductive styli, a roller having an outer surface of substantially solid electrically conductive imaging material adapted to erode in the presence of an electric current, said roller being spaced from said array, means for mounting an image-receiving sheet in contact with the roller between the roller and the styli, and means for applying current pulses between selected styli and the electrically conductive imaging material to initiate localized electric currents between said selected styli and the imaging material so that portions of the imaging material proximate the selected styli erode and adhere to the image-receiving sheet to form an image thereon.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
110 words
An electrodynamic printing system comprising, an array of independently addressable conductive styli, a roller having an outer surface of substantially solid electrically conductive imaging material adapted to erode in the presence of an electric current, said roller being spaced from said array, means for mounting an image-receiving sheet in contact with the roller between the roller and the styli, and means for applying current pulses between selected styli and the electrically conductive imaging material to initiate localized electric currents between said selected styli and the imaging material so that portions of the imaging material proximate the selected styli erode and adhere to the image-receiving sheet to form an image thereon.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
120 words
An electrodynamic printing system comprising a substantially linear array of independently addressable conductive styli, a roller of substantially solid electrically conductive imaging material adapted to erode in the presence of an electric current, said roller being spaced from said array, means for mounting an image-receiving sheet between the conductive styli and the roller, means for biasing the array and the roller toward one another in contact with the paper, and means for applying current pulses between selected styli and the electrically conductive imaging material to initiate localized electric currents between said selected styli and the imaging material so that portions of the imaging material proximate the selected styli erode and adhere to the image-receiving sheet to form an image thereon.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
120 words
An electrodynamic printing system comprising a substantially linear array of independently addressable conductive styli, a roller of substantially solid electrically conductive imaging material adapted to erode in the presence of an electric current, said roller being spaced from said array, means for mounting an image-receiving sheet between the conductive styli and the roller, means for biasing the array and the roller toward one another in contact with the paper, and means for applying current pulses between selected styli and the electrically conductive imaging material to initiate localized electric currents between said selected styli and the imaging material so that portions of the imaging material proximate the selected styli erode and adhere to the image-receiving sheet to form an image thereon.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
132 words
An electrodynamic printing system comprising, an array of independently addressable conductive styli, a roller having an outer surface including a thermoplastic conductive vehicle and color agents forming a conductive crayon, said outer surface adapted to at least partially desolidify in the presence of an electric current, and an electrode underlying said outer surface, said roller being spaced from said array, means for mounting an image-receiving sheet between the array and the roller, and means for applying current pulses between the selected styli and the electrode to initiate localized electric currents between selected styli and the electrode through the outer surface of the roller so that portions of the other surface of the roller proximate the selected styli at least partially desolidify and adhere to the image-receiving sheet to form an image thereon.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
132 words
An electrodynamic printing system comprising, an array of independently addressable conductive styli, a roller having an outer surface including a thermoplastic conductive vehicle and color agents forming a conductive crayon, said outer surface adapted to at least partially desolidify in the presence of an electric current, and an electrode underlying said outer surface, said roller being spaced from said array, means for mounting an image-receiving sheet between the array and the roller, and means for applying current pulses between the selected styli and the electrode to initiate localized electric currents between selected styli and the electrode through the outer surface of the roller so that portions of the other surface of the roller proximate the selected styli at least partially desolidify and adhere to the image-receiving sheet to form an image thereon.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
103 words
An electrodynamic printing system comprising, at least one conductive stylus, a store of substantially solid electrically conductive imaging material adapted to at least partially melt in the presence of an electric current spaced from said stylus, means for mounting an image-receiving sheet between the conductive stylus and the store of imaging material in contact with said store, and means for applying current pulses between said stylus and the store to cause current conduction between said electrodes through said sheet to melt a portion of said store proximate the stylus so that said melted portion flows onto said sheet to form an image thereof.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
103 words
An electrodynamic printing system comprising, at least one conductive stylus, a store of substantially solid electrically conductive imaging material adapted to at least partially melt in the presence of an electric current spaced from said stylus, means for mounting an image-receiving sheet between the conductive stylus and the store of imaging material in contact with said store, and means for applying current pulses between said stylus and the store to cause current conduction between said electrodes through said sheet to melt a portion of said store proximate the stylus so that said melted portion flows onto said sheet to form an image thereof.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
75 words
A process for printing on sheet material comprising, feeding the sheet material between a substantially linear array of electrically conductive styli and a store of conductive imaging material which erodes in the presence of an electric current, and establishing localized current paths between the store of conductive imaging material and selected styli through the sheet material so that localized portions of the store erode and adhere to the sheet material to form an image thereon.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
75 words
A process for printing on sheet material comprising, feeding the sheet material between a substantially linear array of electrically conductive styli and a store of conductive imaging material which erodes in the presence of an electric current, and establishing localized current paths between the store of conductive imaging material and selected styli through the sheet material so that localized portions of the store erode and adhere to the sheet material to form an image thereon.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
42 words
A process as recited in claim 60 wherein said feeding step includes maintaining the sheet material in contact with the store, and wherein said store at least partially melts in the presence of an electric current and flows onto the sheet material.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
36 words
A process as recited in claim 62 wherein said localized current paths are intermittent so that dots of material from the store erode and adhere to the sheet material and merge to form an image thereon.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
105 words
A process for printing on sheet material comprising, feeding the sheet material between an array of electrically conductive styli and a roller having an outer surface including a store of conductive imaging material which at least partially melts in the presence of an electric current and an internal electrode, biasing the array and the roller toward one another and against the sheet material, and establishing localized current paths between the selective styli and the electrode through the outer surface of the roller and the sheet material so that localized portions of the store melt and flow onto the sheet material to form an image thereon.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
105 words
A process for printing on sheet material comprising, feeding the sheet material between an array of electrically conductive styli and a roller having an outer surface including a store of conductive imaging material which at least partially melts in the presence of an electric current and an internal electrode, biasing the array and the roller toward one another and against the sheet material, and establishing localized current paths between the selective styli and the electrode through the outer surface of the roller and the sheet material so that localized portions of the store melt and flow onto the sheet material to form an image thereon.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-09-23 | 1984-03-24 | 1984-09-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-09-23 | 1988-03-24 | 1988-09-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-09-23 | 1992-03-24 | 1992-09-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |