US4221849A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Iron-lithium anode for thermal batteries and thermal batteries made therefrom
Assignee: Saft America Inc
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Filing: 1979-04-27
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Granted: 1980-09-09
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Expires: 1999-04-27
Abstract
Abstract The invention relates to an iron/lithium anode material for use in thermal batteries which comprises about 15% to 30% by weight lithium. Thermal batteries made from such anodes are also disclosed. The anode comprises particulate iron bound together by the surface tension of the lithium which wets the iron particles. A method is disclosed for the manufacture of the anode material which includes adding iron powder to a molten lithium and mixing to form a homogeneous mixture. The mixture is cooled to form an ingot and rolled into strips for fabrication into anode configurations.
Inventors
- 👤 David E. Harney
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 18:12
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/06; H01M4/36; H01M6/00; H01M6/30; H01M6/36; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12014; Y10T428/12028; Y10T428/12063; Y10T428/12097
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
47 words
A composite anode material for use in thermal batteries comprising lithium and a particulate metal capable of being wetted by molten lithium, but only slightly or not at all alloyable with said lithium, said particulate metal being present in amounts of from 70 to 85% by weight.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
47 words
A composite anode material for use in thermal batteries comprising lithium and a particulate metal capable of being wetted by molten lithium, but only slightly or not at all alloyable with said lithium, said particulate metal being present in amounts of from 70 to 85% by weight.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
A composite anode material as set forth in claim 1 wherein said particulate metal is selected from the group consisting of iron, stainless steel, nickel and nichrome.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
40 words
A composite anode material for use in thermal batteries comprising particulate iron and lithium, said particulate iron being present in an amount of from 70 to 85% by weight and being held together by the surface tension of said lithium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
40 words
A composite anode material for use in thermal batteries comprising particulate iron and lithium, said particulate iron being present in an amount of from 70 to 85% by weight and being held together by the surface tension of said lithium.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
A composite anode material as set forth in claim 3 wherein said iron has a particle size of from 1.3μ to 2.1μ, and a surface area of from about 30 to 70 m 2 /gm.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
A composite anode material as set forth in claim 3 wherein said iron has a density of from 0.2 g/cc to 0.8 g/cc.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
50 words
In thermal battery having a lithium anode electrolyte and a two-layer depolarizer, the improvement in said battery comprising a composite lithium anode consisting essentially of lithium and from 70 to 85% by weight particulate metal wettable by molten lithium, but only slightly or not at all alloyable with said lithium.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
50 words
In thermal battery having a lithium anode electrolyte and a two-layer depolarizer, the improvement in said battery comprising a composite lithium anode consisting essentially of lithium and from 70 to 85% by weight particulate metal wettable by molten lithium, but only slightly or not at all alloyable with said lithium.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
In a thermal battery as set forth in claim 6 wherein said particulate metal consists of iron having an apparent density of from 0.2 g/cc to 0.8 g/cc, and a surface area of about 50 m 2 /gm.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
47 words
In a thermal battery having a lithium anode, an eutectic salt electrolyte and a two-layer iron pyrite depolarizer, the improvement in said battery comprising: a. a composite lithium anode consisting essentially of lithium and from 70 to 85% particulate iron; and b. depolarizer binder comprising magnesium oxide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
47 words
In a thermal battery having a lithium anode, an eutectic salt electrolyte and a two-layer iron pyrite depolarizer, the improvement in said battery comprising: a. a composite lithium anode consisting essentially of lithium and from 70 to 85% particulate iron; and b. depolarizer binder comprising magnesium oxide.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
74 words
A thermal primary battery comprising at least one cell including an anode comprising from about 70 to 85% by weight particulate iron bound together with lithium, a depolarizer comprising a first layer of fused eutectic electrolyte and a second layer comprising a homogeneous mixture of iron pyrite, said electrolyte and a binder; said first layer being positioned adjacent to said anode and a combustable heat generating means positioned adjacent to each of said cells.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
74 words
A thermal primary battery comprising at least one cell including an anode comprising from about 70 to 85% by weight particulate iron bound together with lithium, a depolarizer comprising a first layer of fused eutectic electrolyte and a second layer comprising a homogeneous mixture of iron pyrite, said electrolyte and a binder; said first layer being positioned adjacent to said anode and a combustable heat generating means positioned adjacent to each of said cells.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
A thermal battery as set forth in claim 9 wherein said binder comprises magnesium oxide.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
42 words
A thermal battery as set forth in claim 10 wherein said iron has an apparent density of from 0.2 to 0.8 gm/cm 2 , a particle size of 1.3μ to 2.1μ and a surface area of 30 to 70 m 2 /gm.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
35 words
A thermal battery as set forth in claim 11 wherein said density is 0.3 to 0.4 gm/cm 2 , said particle size is 1.8μ to 2.1μ and the surface area is 50 m 2 /gm.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-09-09 | 1984-03-10 | 1984-09-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-09-09 | 1988-03-10 | 1988-09-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-09-09 | 1992-03-10 | 1992-09-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |