Low cost cast-in place port liner

Claim 1

In an internal combustion engine having an engine casing with at least one combustion chamber formed in said engine casing and at least one exhaust passage extending from said combustion chamber to the exterior of said engine casing for discharge of exhaust gases generated in said combustion chamber, the improvement comprising, a three-zone tubular insert assembly having one end formed with a radially outwardly extending flange and the other end an open elbow, said insert having a radially outer zone consisting essentially of silicon plastic having a melting temperature greater than 200° F. and a thickness of about 0.01 inches, an innermost zone comprised of a high temperature resistant metal alloy consisting essentially of iron in the range of 70-85% by weight, chromium in the range of 12-22%, and aluminum in the range of 1/2-3%, and having a thickness of 0.025 inches, said innermost zone having a specific heat of 0.1 BTU/lb./°F., and an intermediate zone 0.06-0.08 inches thick comprising a sleeve insulating ceramic fibers adhered to the outer surface of said metal alloy, and means for supporting said insert assembly in intimate contact with said exhaust passage throughout the entire outer surface of said assembly, said latter means having a plain carbon steel cylinder fused to the wall of said exhaust passage throughout substantially said cylinder's outer surface.