US4205994A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Expansive cement and agent therefor
Assignee: Raychem Corp
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Filing: 1978-09-15
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Granted: 1980-06-03
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Expires: 1998-09-15
Abstract
Abstract Expansive cement compositions and novel expansion agents containing free lime for use in such compositions. The expansion agents are prepared by heating lime of particle size less than 250 microns in an atmosphere comprising water vapor at 100° to 400° C. or carbon dioxide at 350° to 850° C., or by heating a partially hydrated lime at a temperature of at least 100° C. The encapsulated limes produced in this way are useful as expansion agents in hydratable cement compositions, the amount thereof generally being less than 30%, preferably 3 to 10%, based on the weight of the cement and additive. Cement compositions containing the novel expansion agents are useful in a wide variety of uses where shrinkage of the composition on drying has to be prevented or reduced.
Inventors
- 👤 Wendell W. Moyer, Jr.
- 👤 Robert Smith-Johannsen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 02:39
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B22/00; C04B22/06; C04B22/062; C04B22/064
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 52
Claim 1
Independent Claim
63 words
A pulverulent composition which is useful as an expansion additive for hydratable cement compositions; which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium carbonate; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
63 words
A pulverulent composition which is useful as an expansion additive for hydratable cement compositions; which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium carbonate; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
A composition according to claim 1 which comprises 40 to 91% by weight of calcium oxide and wherein said protective coating consists essentially of calcium carbonate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition according to claim 2 which comprises 64 to 91% by weight of calcium oxide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein said particles have a size of 1 to 100 microns.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composition according to claim 4 wherein said particles have a size of 5 to 60 microns.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition according to claim 1 having an Expansion Factor of 0.07 to 0.4%.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
98 words
A process for the production of a composition useful as an expansion additive for hydratable cement compositions, which process comprises heating particles (a) having a size less than 100 microns and (b) initially comprising at least 80% by weight of CaO at a temperature of 100 to 400° C. in an atmosphere comprising water vapor for a time sufficient to increase the weight of the particles by at least 2%, said heating being carried out under conditions such that the product contains 36 to 95% by weight of CaO and exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
98 words
A process for the production of a composition useful as an expansion additive for hydratable cement compositions, which process comprises heating particles (a) having a size less than 100 microns and (b) initially comprising at least 80% by weight of CaO at a temperature of 100 to 400° C. in an atmosphere comprising water vapor for a time sufficient to increase the weight of the particles by at least 2%, said heating being carried out under conditions such that the product contains 36 to 95% by weight of CaO and exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 7 wherein the weight of the particles is increased by 4 to 12%.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 8 wherein the weight of the particles is increased by 5 to 11%.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
98 words
A process for the production of a composition useful as an expansive additive for hydratable cement compositions, which process comprises heating particles (a) having a size less than 100 microns and (b) initially comprising at least 80% by weight of CaO at a temperature of 350° to 850° C. in an atmosphere comprising CO 2 for a time sufficient to increase the weight of the particles by at least 2%, said heating being carried out under conditions such that the product contains 36 to 95% by weight of CaO and exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
98 words
A process for the production of a composition useful as an expansive additive for hydratable cement compositions, which process comprises heating particles (a) having a size less than 100 microns and (b) initially comprising at least 80% by weight of CaO at a temperature of 350° to 850° C. in an atmosphere comprising CO 2 for a time sufficient to increase the weight of the particles by at least 2%, said heating being carried out under conditions such that the product contains 36 to 95% by weight of CaO and exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the weight of the particles is increased by 4 to 16%.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
106 words
A process for the production of a composition useful as an expansion additive for hydratable cement compositions, which process comprises heating particles (a) having a size less than 100 microns and (b) initially comprising at least 80% by weight of CaO, the particles being maintained at a temperature of at least 100° C. in an atmosphere which comrpises CO 2 and water vapor for a time sufficient to increase the weight of the particles by 4 to 14%, said heating being carried out under conditions such that the product contains 36 to 95% by weight of CaO and exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
106 words
A process for the production of a composition useful as an expansion additive for hydratable cement compositions, which process comprises heating particles (a) having a size less than 100 microns and (b) initially comprising at least 80% by weight of CaO, the particles being maintained at a temperature of at least 100° C. in an atmosphere which comrpises CO 2 and water vapor for a time sufficient to increase the weight of the particles by 4 to 14%, said heating being carried out under conditions such that the product contains 36 to 95% by weight of CaO and exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
90 words
A process for the production of a composition useful as an expansion additive for hydratable cement compositions, which process comprises heating hydrated lime particles at a temperature of 100° to 400° C., said particles (a) having a size less than 100 microns and (b) comprising at least 36% by weight of CaO and 8 to 64% by weight of Ca(OH) 2 , said heating being carried out under conditions such that the product contains 36 to 95% by weight of CaO and exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
90 words
A process for the production of a composition useful as an expansion additive for hydratable cement compositions, which process comprises heating hydrated lime particles at a temperature of 100° to 400° C., said particles (a) having a size less than 100 microns and (b) comprising at least 36% by weight of CaO and 8 to 64% by weight of Ca(OH) 2 , said heating being carried out under conditions such that the product contains 36 to 95% by weight of CaO and exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 13 wherein said particles initially contain 16 to 50% by weight of Ca(OH) 2 .
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
83 words
A cement composition comprising a Portland cement, water and a pulverulent composition which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium carbonate; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%; said pulverulent composition being present in amount less than 30%, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
83 words
A cement composition comprising a Portland cement, water and a pulverulent composition which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium carbonate; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%; said pulverulent composition being present in amount less than 30%, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
28 words
A cement composition according to claim 15 which comprises 3 to 10% of said pulverulent composition, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
29 words
A cement composition according to claim 15 wherein said pulverulent composition comprises 40 to 91% by weight of calcium oxide and said protective coating consists essentially of calcium carbonate.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cement composition according to claim 17 wherein said pulverulent composition comprises 64 to 91% by weight of calcium oxide.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
18 words
A cement composition according to claim 15 wherein said particles have a size of 1 to 100 microns.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
18 words
A cement composition according to claim 19 wherein said particles have a size of 5 to 60 microns.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
18 words
A composition according to claim 15 wherein said pulverulent composition has an Expansion Factor of 0.07 to 0.4%.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
122 words
A process for the production of a cement composition comprising a Portland cement, water and a pulverulent composition which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium carbonate; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%; said pulverulent composition being present in amount less than 30%, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition; which process comprises (a) mixing together at least part of the Portland cement and at least part of the water; and (b) adding the pulverulent composition to the mixture produced in step (a).
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
122 words
A process for the production of a cement composition comprising a Portland cement, water and a pulverulent composition which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium carbonate; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%; said pulverulent composition being present in amount less than 30%, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition; which process comprises (a) mixing together at least part of the Portland cement and at least part of the water; and (b) adding the pulverulent composition to the mixture produced in step (a).
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
52 words
A pulverulent composition which is useful as an expansion additive for hydratable cement compositions; which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium hydroxide; which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
52 words
A pulverulent composition which is useful as an expansion additive for hydratable cement compositions; which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium hydroxide; which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
55 words
A pulverulent composition which is useful as an expansion additive for hydratable cement compositions; which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate; which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
55 words
A pulverulent composition which is useful as an expansion additive for hydratable cement compositions; which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate; which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
83 words
A cement composition comprising a Portland cement, water and a pulverulent composition which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium hydroxide; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%; said pulverulent composition being present in amount less than 30%, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
83 words
A cement composition comprising a Portland cement, water and a pulverulent composition which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium hydroxide; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%; said pulverulent composition being present in amount less than 30%, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
86 words
A cement composition comprising a Portland cement, water and a pulverulent composition which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%; said pulverulent composition being present in amount less than 30%, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
86 words
A cement composition comprising a Portland cement, water and a pulverulent composition which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%; said pulverulent composition being present in amount less than 30%, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
122 words
A process for the production of a cement composition comprising a Portland cement, water and a pulverulent composition which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium hydroxide; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%; said pulverulent composition being present in amount less than 30%, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition; which process comprises (a) mixing together at least part of the Portland cement and at least part of the water; and (b) adding the pulverulent composition to the mixture produced in step (a).
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
122 words
A process for the production of a cement composition comprising a Portland cement, water and a pulverulent composition which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium hydroxide; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%; said pulverulent composition being present in amount less than 30%, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition; which process comprises (a) mixing together at least part of the Portland cement and at least part of the water; and (b) adding the pulverulent composition to the mixture produced in step (a).
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
125 words
A process for the production of a cement composition comprising a Portland cement, water and a pulverulent composition which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%; said pulverulent composition being present in amount less than 30%, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition; which process comprises (a) mixing together at least part of the Portland cement and at least part of the water; and (b) adding the pulverulent composition to the mixture produced in step (a).
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
125 words
A process for the production of a cement composition comprising a Portland cement, water and a pulverulent composition which consists essentially of particles having a size less than 100 microns and comprising a core of calcium oxide and a protective coating around said core of calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate; which contains 36 to 95% by weight of calcium oxide; and which exhibits an Expansion Factor of at least 0.06%; said pulverulent composition being present in amount less than 30%, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition; which process comprises (a) mixing together at least part of the Portland cement and at least part of the water; and (b) adding the pulverulent composition to the mixture produced in step (a).
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
26 words
A composition according to claim 23 which comprises 36 to 92% by weight of calcium oxide and wherein said protective coating consists essentially of calcium hydroxide.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition according to claim 29 which comprises 50 to 84% by weight of calcium oxide.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
19 words
A composition according to claim 23 or 24 wherein said particles have a size of 1 to 100 microns.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composition according to claim 31 wherein said particles have a size of 5 to 60 microns.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition according to claim 23 or 24 having an Expansion Factor of 0.07 to 0.4%.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
30 words
A cement composition according to claim 25 or 26 which comprises 3 to 10% of said pulverulent composition, based on the combined weight of the cement and the pulverulent composition.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
31 words
A cement composition according to claim 25 or 26 wherein said pulverulent composition comprises 36 to 92% by weight of calcium oxide and said protective coating consists essentially of calcium hydroxide.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cement composition according to claim 35 wherein said pulverulent composition comprises 50 to 84% by weight of calcium oxide.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
20 words
A cement composition according to claim 25 or 26 wherein said particles have a size of 1 to 100 microns.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
18 words
A cement composition according to claim 37 wherein said particles have a size of 5 to 60 microns.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composition according to claim 25 or 26 wherein said pulverulent composition has an Expansion Factor of 0.07 to 0.04%.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-06-03 | 1983-12-03 | 1984-06-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-06-03 | 1987-12-03 | 1988-06-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-06-03 | 1991-12-03 | 1992-06-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |