US4201441A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Hologram and method of production thereof
Assignee: Canon Inc
•
Filing: 1979-01-18
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Granted: 1980-05-06
•
Expires: 1999-01-18
Abstract
Abstract Holograms are produced by exposing a film-like sensitive member composed of polyvinylcarbazole or its derivatives containing an iodine compound to an interference pattern of laser, swelling the sensitive member thus exposed in a first solvent and simultaneously eluting most of the iodine compound, if desired, the iodine compound may be eluted before this swelling treatment, and then shrinking the swollen sensitive member in a second solvent.
Inventors
- 👤 Masakazu Matsumoto
- 👤 Koujiro Yokono
- 👤 Takashi Tanaka
- 👤 Shigeo Toganou
- 👤 Hiroyoshi Kishi
- 👤 Katsuhiko Nishide
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 15:36
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03C; G03C1/00; G03C1/675; G03H; G03H1/00; G03H1/04; G03H1/18; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S359/00; Y10S359/90; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/146
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
124 words
A process for producing holograms which comprises (i) exposing to an interference pattern of laser a film-like sensitive member for recording holograms which is mainly composed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcarbazole, alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof and halogen-substituted derivatives thereof and is sensitized to a radiation by using an iodine compound, (ii) swelling the sensitive member in a first solvent until a volume of the sensitive member becomes 120% or more based on the volume immediately after the exposure and simultaneously eluting most of the iodine compound, and (iii) transferring the sensitive member into a second solvent to treat the sensitive member until the volume of the sensitive member becomes 110% or less based on the volume immediately after the exposure.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
124 words
A process for producing holograms which comprises (i) exposing to an interference pattern of laser a film-like sensitive member for recording holograms which is mainly composed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcarbazole, alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof and halogen-substituted derivatives thereof and is sensitized to a radiation by using an iodine compound, (ii) swelling the sensitive member in a first solvent until a volume of the sensitive member becomes 120% or more based on the volume immediately after the exposure and simultaneously eluting most of the iodine compound, and (iii) transferring the sensitive member into a second solvent to treat the sensitive member until the volume of the sensitive member becomes 110% or less based on the volume immediately after the exposure.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the iodine compound is used in an amount of 0.1-200% by weight based on the polymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the iodine compound is a member selected from the group consisting of carbon tetraiodide, iodoform, ethylene tetraiodide, ethane triiodide, ethane tetraiodide, ethane pentaiodide, and ethane hexaiodide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the first solvent and the second solvent hardly elute the polymer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the laser has an emission line in the visible wavelength region.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
58 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the first solvent is a member selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, cumene, phenol, cresol, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, benzyl alcohol, benzyl chloride, benzyl bromide, α-methylnaphthalene, α-chloronaphthalene, dichloromethane, chloroform, trichloroethylene, dichloroethane, bromoform, trichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, and ethyl formate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
46 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the second solvent is a member selected from the group consisting of pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, isooctane, cyclohexane, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, and diisopropyl ether.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the polymer is a member selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcarbazole, poly-3-chlorovinylcarbazole, poly-3-bromovinylcarbazole, poly-3-iodovinylcarbazole, poly-3-methylvinylcarbazole, poly-3-ethylvinylcarbazole, chlorinated polyvinlycarbazole, and brominated polyvinylcarbazole.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
139 words
A process for producing holograms which comprises (i) exposing to an interference pattern of laser a film-like sensitive member for recording holograms which is mainly composed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcarbazole, alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof and halogen-substituted derivatives thereof and is sensitized to a radiation by using an iodine compound, (ii) soaking the sensitive member in a first solvent to elute and remove most of the iodine compound without eluting the polymer, (iii) then swelling the sensitive member in a second solvent until a volume of the sensitive member becomes 120% or more based on the volume immediately after the exposure, and (iv) transferring the sensitive member into a third solvent to treat the sensitive member until the volume of the sensitive member becomes 100% or less based on the volume immediately after the exposure.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
139 words
A process for producing holograms which comprises (i) exposing to an interference pattern of laser a film-like sensitive member for recording holograms which is mainly composed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcarbazole, alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof and halogen-substituted derivatives thereof and is sensitized to a radiation by using an iodine compound, (ii) soaking the sensitive member in a first solvent to elute and remove most of the iodine compound without eluting the polymer, (iii) then swelling the sensitive member in a second solvent until a volume of the sensitive member becomes 120% or more based on the volume immediately after the exposure, and (iv) transferring the sensitive member into a third solvent to treat the sensitive member until the volume of the sensitive member becomes 100% or less based on the volume immediately after the exposure.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 9 in which the iodine compound is used in an amount of 0.1-200% by weight based on the polymer.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process according to claim 9 which the iodine compound is a member selected from the group consisting of carbon tetraiodide, iodoform, ethylene tetraiodide, ethane triiodide, ethane tetraiodide, ethane pentaiodide, and ethane hexaiodide.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 9 in which the second solvent and the third solvent hardly elute the polymer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 9 in which the laser has an emission line in the visible wavelength region.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
58 words
A process according to claim 9 in which the second solvent is a member selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, cumene, phenol, cresol, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, benzyl alcohol, benzyl chloride, benzyl bromide, α-methylnaphthalene, α-chloronaphthalene, dichloromethane, chloroform, trichloroethylene, dichloroethane, bromoform, trichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, and ethyl formate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
46 words
A process according to claim 9 in which the third solvent is a member selected from the group consisting of pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, isooctane, cyclohexane, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, diethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, and diisopropyl ether.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process according to claim 9 in which the polymer is a member selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcarbazole, poly-3-chlorovinylcarbazole, poly-3-bromovinylcarbazole, poly-3-iodovinylcarbazole, poly-3-methylvinylcarbazole, poly-3-ethylvinylcarbazole, chlorinated polyvinylcarbazole, and brominated polyvinylcarbazole.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
121 words
A hologram produced by (i) exposing to an interference pattern of laser a film-like sensitive member for recording holograms which is mainly composed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcarbazole, alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof and halogen-substituted derivatives thereof and is sensitized to a radiation by using an iodine compound, (ii) swelling the sensitive member in a first solvent until a volume of the sensitive member becomes 120% or more based on the volume immediately after the exposure and simultaneously eluting most of the iodine compound, and (iii) transferring the sensitive member into a second solvent to treat the sensitive member until the volume of the sensitive member becomes 110% or less based on the volume immediately after the exposure.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
121 words
A hologram produced by (i) exposing to an interference pattern of laser a film-like sensitive member for recording holograms which is mainly composed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcarbazole, alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof and halogen-substituted derivatives thereof and is sensitized to a radiation by using an iodine compound, (ii) swelling the sensitive member in a first solvent until a volume of the sensitive member becomes 120% or more based on the volume immediately after the exposure and simultaneously eluting most of the iodine compound, and (iii) transferring the sensitive member into a second solvent to treat the sensitive member until the volume of the sensitive member becomes 110% or less based on the volume immediately after the exposure.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
A hologram according to claim 17 in which the hologram is a volume phase hologram.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
136 words
A hologram produced by (i) exposing to an interference pattern of laser a film-like sensitive member for recording holograms which is mainly composed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcarbazole, alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof and halogen-substituted derivatives thereof and is sensitized to a radiation by using an iodine compound, (ii) soaking the sensitive member in a first solvent to elute and remove most of the iodine compound without eluting the polymer, (iii) then swelling the sensitive member in a second solvent until a volume of the sensitive member becomes 120% or more based on the volume immediately after the exposure, and (iv) transferring the sensitive member into a third solvent to treat the sensitive member until the volume of the sensitive member becomes 110% or less based on the volume immediately after the exposure.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
136 words
A hologram produced by (i) exposing to an interference pattern of laser a film-like sensitive member for recording holograms which is mainly composed of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylcarbazole, alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof and halogen-substituted derivatives thereof and is sensitized to a radiation by using an iodine compound, (ii) soaking the sensitive member in a first solvent to elute and remove most of the iodine compound without eluting the polymer, (iii) then swelling the sensitive member in a second solvent until a volume of the sensitive member becomes 120% or more based on the volume immediately after the exposure, and (iv) transferring the sensitive member into a third solvent to treat the sensitive member until the volume of the sensitive member becomes 110% or less based on the volume immediately after the exposure.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
A hologram according to claim 19 in which the hologram is a volume phase hologram.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-05-06 | 1983-11-05 | 1984-05-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-05-06 | 1987-11-05 | 1988-05-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-05-06 | 1991-11-05 | 1992-05-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |