US4197187A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Hydrocarbon conversion
Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Filing: 1978-07-03
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Granted: 1980-04-08
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Expires: 1998-07-03
Abstract
Abstract Hydrocarbon hydroconversion, especially hydrocarbon reforming, using catalysts whose supports have been prepared by a sol-gel process. For hydrocarbon reforming, it is preferred that the primary particles used to prepare the porous gel should have been prepared by a vapor phase condensation method, for example flame hydrolysis and that the support should have a narrow pore size distribution. The process produces much less gas by hydrocracking at given aromatics yields than comparative processes using conventional catalysts.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael A. Day
- 👤 David Jackson
- 👤 Roy J. Sampson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 20:56
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/38; B01J23/54; B01J23/56; B01J23/63; B01J35/00; B01J35/60; B01J37/00; B01J37/02; B01J37/03; B01J37/036; C; C10; C10G; C10G35/00; C10G35/04; C10G35/06; C10G49/00; C10G49/02; B01J35/61; B01J35/615; B01J35/63; B01J35/635; B01J35/64; B01J35/647; B01J35/66; B01J35/67
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
86 words
A process for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen and at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with a catalyst comprising a metal supported on a porous gel of an inorganic substance, the gel having been prepared by a method which comprises dispersing solid primary particles of the inorganic substance in a liquid to form a sol containing colloidal particles which are aggregates of the primary particles, drying the sol to produce a porous gel and calcining the porous gel.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
86 words
A process for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen and at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with a catalyst comprising a metal supported on a porous gel of an inorganic substance, the gel having been prepared by a method which comprises dispersing solid primary particles of the inorganic substance in a liquid to form a sol containing colloidal particles which are aggregates of the primary particles, drying the sol to produce a porous gel and calcining the porous gel.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the catalyst comprises 0.01 to 5% by weight (of the total catalyst) of a metal of Group 8 of the Periodic Table.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the solid primary particles used in preparation of the porous gel are substantially spherical, non-aggregated and non-hydrated prior to mixing with the liquid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the solid primary particles used in preparation of the porous gel are those produced by a vapour phase condensation method.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process as claimed in claim 4 in which the solid primary particles are those produced by flame hydrolysis.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the solid primary particles have a particle size in the range 4 to 50 nm.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the solid primary particles are of one or more refractory inorganic oxides.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
44 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the porous gel support has a pore size distribution such that at least 70% of the total pore volume is contained within pores having a size within the range ±25% of the mean pore size.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
89 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises contacting the feedstock in the presence of hydrogen and at reforming conditions with a catalyst comprising a metal supported on a porous gel of an inorganic substance, the gel having been prepared by a method which comprises dispersing solid primary particles of the inorganic substance in a liquid to form a sol containing colloidal particles which are aggregates of the primary particles, drying the sol to produce a porous gel, and calcining the porous gel.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as claimed in claim 9 in which the porous gel comprises alumina.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as claimed in claim 10 in which the porous gel contains 0.01 to 1% yttria.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process as claimed in claim 9 in which the average diameter of the pores of the calcined porous gel lies in the range 10 to 35 nm.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
47 words
A process as claimed in claim 9 in which the pore volume of the calcined porous gel lies in the range 0.5 to 1 ml/g with at least 80% of the pore volume being provided by pores having a diameter within the range 10 to 35 nm.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process as claimed in claim 9 in which the surface area of the calcined porous gel is within the range 80 to 250 m 2 /g, and in which at least 80% of the surface area is contained in pores of diameter within the range 15 to 35 nm.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
144 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen and at reforming conditions with a catalyst comprising platinum supported on a porous gel of a refractory inorganic oxide, the gel having been prepared by a method which comprises dispersing in water solid primary particles of the refractory inorganic oxide, which primary particles have been prepared by flame hydrolysis, to form a sol containing colloidal particles which are aggregates of the primary particles, drying the sol to produce a porous gel and calcining the porous gel, the average diameter of the pores of the calcined porous gel lying within the range of 10 to 35 nm, the pore volume lying within the range 0.5 to 1 ml/g and the surface area lying within the range 80 to 250 m 2 /g.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
138 words
A process for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen and at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with a catalyst comprising 0.01 to 5% by weight of the total catalyst of a metal of Group 8 of the Periodic Table supported on a porous gel of an inorganic substance, the gel having been prepared by a method which comprises dispersing solid primary particles of the inorganic substance having a particle size in the range of 4 to 50 nm in a liquid to form a sol containing colloidal particles which are aggregates of the primary particles, drying the sol to produce a porous gel and calcining the porous gel, the solid primary particles used in preparation of the porous gel being substantially spherical, non-aggregated and non-hydrated prior to mixing with the liquid.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
138 words
A process for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen and at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with a catalyst comprising 0.01 to 5% by weight of the total catalyst of a metal of Group 8 of the Periodic Table supported on a porous gel of an inorganic substance, the gel having been prepared by a method which comprises dispersing solid primary particles of the inorganic substance having a particle size in the range of 4 to 50 nm in a liquid to form a sol containing colloidal particles which are aggregates of the primary particles, drying the sol to produce a porous gel and calcining the porous gel, the solid primary particles used in preparation of the porous gel being substantially spherical, non-aggregated and non-hydrated prior to mixing with the liquid.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
139 words
A process for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feed-stock in the presence of hydrogen and at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with a catalyst comprising 0.01 to 5% by weight of the total catalyst of a metal of Group 8 of the Periodic Table supported on a porous gel of an inorganic substance, the porous gel support having a pore size distribution such that at least 70% of the total pore volume is contained within pores having a size within the range of ±25% of the mean pore size, the gel having been prepared by a method which comprises dispersing solid primary particles of the inorganic substance in a liquid to form a sol containing colloidal particles which are aggregates of the primary particles, drying the sol to produce a porous gel and calcining the porous gel.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
139 words
A process for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feed-stock in the presence of hydrogen and at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with a catalyst comprising 0.01 to 5% by weight of the total catalyst of a metal of Group 8 of the Periodic Table supported on a porous gel of an inorganic substance, the porous gel support having a pore size distribution such that at least 70% of the total pore volume is contained within pores having a size within the range of ±25% of the mean pore size, the gel having been prepared by a method which comprises dispersing solid primary particles of the inorganic substance in a liquid to form a sol containing colloidal particles which are aggregates of the primary particles, drying the sol to produce a porous gel and calcining the porous gel.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
153 words
A process for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen and at reforming conditions with a catalyst comprising a metal supported on a porous gel comprising alumina, the gel having been prepared by a method which comprises dispersing solid primary particles comprising alumina in a liquid to form a sol containing colloidal particles which are aggregates of the primary particles, drying the sol to produce a porous gel, and calcining the porous gel, the average diameter of the pores of the calcined porous gel lies in the range of 10 to 35 nm, the pore volume lying in the range 0.5 to 1 ml/g with at least 80% of the pore volume being provided by pores having a diameter within the range 10 to 35 nm, and the surface area of the calcined porous gel is within the range 80 to 250 m 2 /g.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
153 words
A process for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen and at reforming conditions with a catalyst comprising a metal supported on a porous gel comprising alumina, the gel having been prepared by a method which comprises dispersing solid primary particles comprising alumina in a liquid to form a sol containing colloidal particles which are aggregates of the primary particles, drying the sol to produce a porous gel, and calcining the porous gel, the average diameter of the pores of the calcined porous gel lies in the range of 10 to 35 nm, the pore volume lying in the range 0.5 to 1 ml/g with at least 80% of the pore volume being provided by pores having a diameter within the range 10 to 35 nm, and the surface area of the calcined porous gel is within the range 80 to 250 m 2 /g.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
133 words
A process for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen and at reforming conditions with a catalyst comprising platinum supported on a porous gel of alumina, the gel having been prepared by a method which comprises dispersing in water solid primary particles of alumina, which primary particles have been prepared by flame hydrolysis, to form a sol containing colloidal particles which are aggregates of the primary particles, drying the sol to produce a porous gel and calcining the porous gel, the average diameter of the pores of the calcined porous gel lying within the range of 10 to 35 nm, the pore volume lying within the range 0.5 to 1 ml/g and the surface area lying within the range 80 to 250 m 2 /g.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
133 words
A process for reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen and at reforming conditions with a catalyst comprising platinum supported on a porous gel of alumina, the gel having been prepared by a method which comprises dispersing in water solid primary particles of alumina, which primary particles have been prepared by flame hydrolysis, to form a sol containing colloidal particles which are aggregates of the primary particles, drying the sol to produce a porous gel and calcining the porous gel, the average diameter of the pores of the calcined porous gel lying within the range of 10 to 35 nm, the pore volume lying within the range 0.5 to 1 ml/g and the surface area lying within the range 80 to 250 m 2 /g.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3977999A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-04-08 | 1983-10-08 | 1984-04-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-04-08 | 1987-10-08 | 1988-04-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-04-08 | 1991-10-08 | 1992-04-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |