US4195487A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Concrete piles suitable as foundation pillars
Assignee: Nippon Concrete Industries Co Ltd
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Filing: 1977-01-04
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Granted: 1980-04-01
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Expires: 1997-01-04
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to foundation work of structures in a very cold district, especially to a method of preventing the upward movement of foundation pillars in weak ground in which concrete piles are required as foundation pillars. Concrete piles are driven to a permanent frozen stratum passing through a weak stratum which repeats freeze and melt conditions according to the atmospheric change and the like, and then the concrete piles themselves are cooled artificially or by utilizing the ultra-low temperature of the permanent frozen stratum during the period of refreeze of the weak stratum in order to make frozen parts in the weak stratum around each concrete pile. Therefore, the upward movement of the weak stratum due to its cubic expansion during the period of freeze is done with slide around the boundary between the frozen part and the other part of the weak stratum, and thereby the concrete piles are not directly affected by pulling force due to the cubic expansion of the weak stratum and the upward movement of the concrete piles is prevented. Furthermore, the present invention relates to concrete piles suitable as foundation pillars in a very cold district characterized in respectively having a cooling unit which is set at the time of producing each concrete pile and used to make a frozen part in the weak stratum.
Inventors
- 👤 Yoshikiyo Fukushima
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 23:35
CPC Classifications
E; E02; E02D; E02D27/00; E02D27/32; E02D27/35; E02D31/00; E02D31/10; E02D31/14; E02D5/00; E02D5/22; E02D5/24; E02D5/30
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
161 words
A concrete pile apparatus adapted to be driven to a permanent frozen stratum passing through a weak stratum which repeats freeze and thaw conditions according to atmospheric changes and the like, comprising: a concrete pile suitable as a foundation pillar in a very cold district; thermal conductive means in physical engagement with said concrete pile for cooling said concrete pile; a cooling chamber in physical engagement with said concrete pile for receiving a refrigerant and connected to said thermal conductive means; and cooling means disposed above ground and separate from said concrete pile, being fluidically connected with said cooling chamber for providing said refrigerant thereto for cooling said concrete pile and the weak stratum thereabout to a suitable temperature lower than 0° C. and maintaining the same at such temperature; wherein said thermal conductive means is a plurality of cooling rods of good thermal conductive material which are embedded within said concrete pile, extending from the top to the bottom thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
161 words
A concrete pile apparatus adapted to be driven to a permanent frozen stratum passing through a weak stratum which repeats freeze and thaw conditions according to atmospheric changes and the like, comprising: a concrete pile suitable as a foundation pillar in a very cold district; thermal conductive means in physical engagement with said concrete pile for cooling said concrete pile; a cooling chamber in physical engagement with said concrete pile for receiving a refrigerant and connected to said thermal conductive means; and cooling means disposed above ground and separate from said concrete pile, being fluidically connected with said cooling chamber for providing said refrigerant thereto for cooling said concrete pile and the weak stratum thereabout to a suitable temperature lower than 0° C. and maintaining the same at such temperature; wherein said thermal conductive means is a plurality of cooling rods of good thermal conductive material which are embedded within said concrete pile, extending from the top to the bottom thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
Concrete pile apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said cooling chamber is provided around the top of said concrete pile.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
Concrete pile apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said cooling chamber is provided on the outer periphery at the top of said concrete pile.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
A concrete pile apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said cooling means comprises a plurality of horizontally disposed cooling fins and each of said cooling rods is connected to said plurality of cooling fins.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
163 words
A concrete pile apparatus adapted to be driven to a permanent frozen stratum passing through a weak stratum which repeats freeze and thaw conditions according to atmospheric changes and the like, comprising: a concrete pile suitable as a foundation pillar in a very cold district; thermal conductive means in physical engagement with said concrete pile for cooling said concrete pile; a cooling chamber in physical engagement with said concrete pile for receiving a refrigerant and connected to said thermal conductive means; and cooling means disposed above ground and separate from said concrete pile, being fluidically connected with said cooling chamber for providing said refrigerant thereto for cooling said concrete pile and the weak stratum thereabout to a suitable temperature lower than 0° C. and maintaining the same at such temperature; wherein said thermal conductive means is a cooling cover of good thermal conductive material on the outer surface of said concrete pile and a number of cooling fins attached outside said cooling cover.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
163 words
A concrete pile apparatus adapted to be driven to a permanent frozen stratum passing through a weak stratum which repeats freeze and thaw conditions according to atmospheric changes and the like, comprising: a concrete pile suitable as a foundation pillar in a very cold district; thermal conductive means in physical engagement with said concrete pile for cooling said concrete pile; a cooling chamber in physical engagement with said concrete pile for receiving a refrigerant and connected to said thermal conductive means; and cooling means disposed above ground and separate from said concrete pile, being fluidically connected with said cooling chamber for providing said refrigerant thereto for cooling said concrete pile and the weak stratum thereabout to a suitable temperature lower than 0° C. and maintaining the same at such temperature; wherein said thermal conductive means is a cooling cover of good thermal conductive material on the outer surface of said concrete pile and a number of cooling fins attached outside said cooling cover.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
A concrete pile apparatus according to claim 5 wherein said cooling fins are vertically oriented and radially extending fin members.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
21 words
A concrete pile apparatus according to claim 5 wherein said cooling chamber is provided around the top of said concrete pile.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
25 words
A concrete pile apparatus according to claim 5 wherein said cooling chamber is provided on the outer periphery at the top of said concrete pile.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
187 words
A concrete pile apparatus adapted to be driven to a permanent frozen stratum passing through a weak stratum which repeats freeze and thaw conditions according to atmospheric changes and the like, comprising: a concrete pile suitable as a foundation pillar in a very cold district; thermal conductive means in physical engagement with said concrete pile for cooling said concrete pile; a cooling chamber in physical engagement with said concrete pile for receiving a refrigerant and connected to said thermal conductive means; and, cooling means disposed above ground and separate from said concrete pile, being fluidically connected with said cooling chamber for providing said refrigerant thereto for cooling said concrete pile and the weak stratum thereabout to a suitable temperature lower than 0° C. and maintaining the same at such temperature; wherein a plurality of cooling fins are disposed in said cooling chamber, said thermal conductive means comprises a plurality of cooling rods embedded within sid concrete pile, extending from the top to the bottom thereof, and wherein said concrete pile apparatus further comprises a plurality of radially extending members connecting said cooling rods and said cooling fins.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
187 words
A concrete pile apparatus adapted to be driven to a permanent frozen stratum passing through a weak stratum which repeats freeze and thaw conditions according to atmospheric changes and the like, comprising: a concrete pile suitable as a foundation pillar in a very cold district; thermal conductive means in physical engagement with said concrete pile for cooling said concrete pile; a cooling chamber in physical engagement with said concrete pile for receiving a refrigerant and connected to said thermal conductive means; and, cooling means disposed above ground and separate from said concrete pile, being fluidically connected with said cooling chamber for providing said refrigerant thereto for cooling said concrete pile and the weak stratum thereabout to a suitable temperature lower than 0° C. and maintaining the same at such temperature; wherein a plurality of cooling fins are disposed in said cooling chamber, said thermal conductive means comprises a plurality of cooling rods embedded within sid concrete pile, extending from the top to the bottom thereof, and wherein said concrete pile apparatus further comprises a plurality of radially extending members connecting said cooling rods and said cooling fins.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
A concrete pile apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said cooling chamber is provided around the top of said concrete pile.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
A concrete pile apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said cooling chamber is provided on the outer periphery at the top of said concrete pile.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
A concrete pile apparatus according to claim 9, which further comprises a plurality of cooling fins attached around the lower ends of said cooling rods and disposed within said concrete pile.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-04-01 | 1983-10-01 | 1984-04-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-04-01 | 1987-10-01 | 1988-04-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-04-01 | 1991-10-01 | 1992-04-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |