US4194550A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Apparatus for insulating against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission
Assignee: INSULATING SHADE LP
•
Filing: 1977-07-19
•
Granted: 1980-03-25
•
Expires: 1997-07-19
Abstract
Abstract An apparatus for insulating against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission comprises a plurality of mutually parallel sheets. The sheets may be attached to a retracting device from which they can be drawn to extend in mutually parallel relation and cover a building opening such as a window or onto which they can be retracted to uncover the opening. A number of spacers which may be in the form of collapsible or nestable devices are mounted within the apparatus to separate each pair of adjacent sheets and, thus, define a dead air space therebetween. At least one of the sheets has a surface, facing on the dead air space, that exhibits a low surface emittance. This surface emittance is sufficiently low to yield a total effective emissivity of the surface and dead air space of no greater than 0.60. Important, the spacer devices are designed so as not to abrade or otherwise harm the reflective surface. The combination of these dead air spaces with the low emittance surface synergistically results in an apparatus having low total effective emissivity that effectively impedes radiant heat transfer. The dead air spaces also effectively impede conductive and convective heat transfer.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas P. Hopper
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 12:37
CPC Classifications
E; E04; E04B; E04B1/00; E04B1/62; E04B1/74; E04B1/76; E04B1/7675; A; A47; A47H; A47H23/00; A47H23/02; A47H23/04; A47H23/06; E04B1/7608; E04B1/7612; E06; E06B; E06B9/00; E06B9/24; E06B9/40; E06B9/02; E06B9/08; E06B9/11; E06B9/15; E06B2009/1505; E06B2009/1527; E06B9/17; E06B2009/17069
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 97
Claim 1
Independent Claim
130 words
An apparatus for insulating an area such as a window, door, or wall against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission comprising: A. a plurality of essentially non-transparent imperforate, shade sheets; B. retracting means including a single retracting roller to which all shade sheets are attached to be rolled thereon for mounting said sheets for selective movement between a drawn position covering the area and a retracted position not covering the area; and C. spacer means mounted to separate adjacent sheets to provide a dead space therebetween, said spacer means including one spacer roller for each pair of sheets, each said spacer roller being mounted for free sheet nonabrading rotation in fixed relation to said retracting roller to contact only one of each pair of sheets when in the drawn position.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
130 words
An apparatus for insulating an area such as a window, door, or wall against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission comprising: A. a plurality of essentially non-transparent imperforate, shade sheets; B. retracting means including a single retracting roller to which all shade sheets are attached to be rolled thereon for mounting said sheets for selective movement between a drawn position covering the area and a retracted position not covering the area; and C. spacer means mounted to separate adjacent sheets to provide a dead space therebetween, said spacer means including one spacer roller for each pair of sheets, each said spacer roller being mounted for free sheet nonabrading rotation in fixed relation to said retracting roller to contact only one of each pair of sheets when in the drawn position.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 1 further comprising: seal means for preventing convection air currents from developing between said apparatus and the area.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
80 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 1 wherein said apparatus is mounted at an upper portion of the area to be drawn down over it from said retracting means; wherein the area has a bottom sill surface, and wherein said seal means comprises; a flexible flap mounted with the outermost sheet opposite the area to rest on the sill surface and prevent air currents from flowing under said apparatus.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
51 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 1 wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible seal mounted with the area to engage the sides of said shade sheets when in the drawn position to prevent convection air currents from flowing thereby.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
88 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 1 wherein said apparatus is mounted at an upper portion of the area to be drawn down over it from said retracting means and wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible valance mounted at the top of the area to contact said shade sheets mounted with said retracting means when in both the drawn and retracted positions and to prevent convection air currents from flowing past the top of said apparatus.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as calimed in claim 1 further comprising: a pair of mutually parallel transparent panes mounted in the area, said apparatus being mounted to be moved to its drawn position between said panes.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 1 wherein said shade sheets extends at an angle to the vertical when in the drawn position.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
59 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 1 wherein said retracting means is arranged to urge said shade sheets toward their retracted position and wherein said apparatus further comprises: tensioning means for urging said shade sheets toward their drawn position to hold them at an angle to the vertical.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 1 wherein said roller is provided with a nonabrading surface.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
65 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 19 further comprising: a low emittance surface associated with at least one of said shade sheets, facing on said dead space, said surface having a surface emittance which is sufficiently low to yield a total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 10 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space is no greater than 0.06.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 10 wherein the surface emittance of said surface is no greater than 0.60.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 10 wherein the surface emittance of said surface is no greater than 0.06.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 10 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the infrared range of the radiant energy spectrum.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
46 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 10 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the temperature range of 30° F. to 130° F.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
55 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 10 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the infrared range of the energy spectrum and in the temperature range of 30° F. to 130° F.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
57 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 10 wherein the two outermost shade sheets of said plurality are interconnected at at least one end, one end to seal said dead spaces defined between adjacent sheets and thereby prevent convection air currents from developing in said dead spaces.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 17 wherein the two outermost shade sheets of said plurality are continuously formed on the same sheet of material.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
132 words
An apparatus for insulating an area such as a window, door, or wall against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission comprising: A. a plurality of essentially non-transparent imperforate, shade sheets; B. retracting means for mounting said sheets for selective movement between a drawn position covering the area and a retracted position not covering the area; and C. spacer means mounted to separate adjacent sheets to provide a dead space therebetween, said spacer means comprising at least one spacer device which comprises an elongated strip formed of rigid substantially inflexible sheet material having an arcuate cross sectional shape with an axis extending in the direction of the major dimension of said strip, one of the edges of said strip extending in the direction of the axis, being attached to one of said sheets.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
132 words
An apparatus for insulating an area such as a window, door, or wall against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission comprising: A. a plurality of essentially non-transparent imperforate, shade sheets; B. retracting means for mounting said sheets for selective movement between a drawn position covering the area and a retracted position not covering the area; and C. spacer means mounted to separate adjacent sheets to provide a dead space therebetween, said spacer means comprising at least one spacer device which comprises an elongated strip formed of rigid substantially inflexible sheet material having an arcuate cross sectional shape with an axis extending in the direction of the major dimension of said strip, one of the edges of said strip extending in the direction of the axis, being attached to one of said sheets.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
50 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 19 wherein said retracting means is a roller and wherein said elongated strip is attached to said sheet to curve in the same direction as said roller when said sheet is retracted thereon.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
65 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 19 further comprising: a low emittance surface associated with at least one of said shade sheets, facing on said dead space, said surface having a surface emittance which is sufficiently low to yield a total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 21 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space is no greater than 0.06.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective, and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 21 wherein the surface emittance of said surface is no greater than 0.60.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 21 wherein the surface emittance of said surface is no greater than 0.06.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 21 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the infrared range of the radiant energy spectrum.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
46 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 21 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the temperature range of 30° F. to 130° F.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
55 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 21 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the infrared range of the energy spectrum and in the temperature range of 30° F. to 130° F.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
55 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 19 wherein the two outermost shade sheets of said plurality are interconnected at at least one end, to seal said dead spaces defined between adjacent sheets and thereby prevent convection air currents from developing in said dead spaces.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 28 wherein the two outermost shade sheets of said plurality are continuously formed on the same sheet of material.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 19 further comprising: seal means for preventing convection air currents from developing between said apparatus and the area.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
80 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 19 wherein said apparatus is mounted at an upper portion of the area to be drawn down over it from said retracting means; wherein the area has a bottom sill surface, and wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible flap mounted with the outermost sheet opposite the area to rest on the sill surface and prevent air currents from flowing under said apparatus.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
51 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 19 wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible seal mounted with the area to engage the sides of said shade sheets when in the drawn position to prevent convection air currents from flowing thereby.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
88 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 19 wherein said apparatus is mounted at an upper portion of the area to be drawn down over it from said retracting means and wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible valance mounted at the top of the area to contact said shade sheets mounted with said retracting means when in both the drawn and retracted positions and to prevent convection air currents from flowing past the top of said apparatus.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 19 further comprising: a pair of mutually parallel transparent panes mounted in the area, said apparatus being mounted to be moved to its drawn position between said panes.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 19 wherein said shade sheets extend at an angle to the vertical when in the drawn position.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
59 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 19 wherein said retracting means is arranged to urge said shade sheets toward their retracted position and wherein said apparatus further comprises: tensioning means for urging said shade sheets toward their drawn position to hold them at an angle to the vertical.
Claim 39
Independent Claim
174 words
An apparatus for insulating an area such as a window, door or wall against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission comprising: A. a plurality of essential non-transparent imperforate, shade sheets; B. retracting means for mounting said sheets for selective movement between a drawn position covering the area and a retracted position not covering the area; and C. spacer means mounted to separate adjacent sheets to provide a dead space therebetween, said spacer means comprising at least one spacer device which comprises an elongated strip formed of rigid substantially inflexible sheet material having an arcuate cross-sectional shape with an axis extending in the direction of the major dimension of said strip, said sheet being attached to one face of said strip adjacent one edge of said strip which extends in the direction of the axis said sheet being attached to the other face of said strip adjacent the opposite edge of said strip whereby tension applied to said sheet causes said strip to rotate toward a position generally perpendicular to the surface of said sheet.
Claim 40
Independent Claim
174 words
An apparatus for insulating an area such as a window, door or wall against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission comprising: A. a plurality of essential non-transparent imperforate, shade sheets; B. retracting means for mounting said sheets for selective movement between a drawn position covering the area and a retracted position not covering the area; and C. spacer means mounted to separate adjacent sheets to provide a dead space therebetween, said spacer means comprising at least one spacer device which comprises an elongated strip formed of rigid substantially inflexible sheet material having an arcuate cross-sectional shape with an axis extending in the direction of the major dimension of said strip, said sheet being attached to one face of said strip adjacent one edge of said strip which extends in the direction of the axis said sheet being attached to the other face of said strip adjacent the opposite edge of said strip whereby tension applied to said sheet causes said strip to rotate toward a position generally perpendicular to the surface of said sheet.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
65 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 37 further comprising: a low emittance surface associated with at least one of said shade sheets, facing on said dead space, said surface having a surface emittance which is sufficiently low to yield a total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 38 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space is no greater than 0.06.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 38 wherein the surface emittance of said surface is no greater than 0.60.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 38 wherein the surface emittance of said surface is no greater than 0.06.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 38 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the infrared range of the radiant energy spectrum.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
46 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 38 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the temperature range of 30° F. to 130° F.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
56 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 38 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the infrared range of the radiant energy spectrum and in the temperature range of 30° F. to 130° F.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
55 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 37 wherein the two outermost shade sheets of said plurality are interconnected at at least one end, to seal said dead spaces defined between adjacent sheets and thereby prevent convection air currents from developing in said dead spaces.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 45 wherein the two outermost shade sheets of said plurality are continuously formed on the same sheet of material.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 37 further comprising: seal means for preventing convection air currents from developing between said apparatus and the area.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
80 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 37 wherein said apparatus is mounted at an upper portion of the area to be drawn down over it from said retracting means; wherein the area has a bottom sill surface, and wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible flap mounted with the outermost sheet opposite the area to rest on the sill surface and prevent air currents from flowing under said apparatus.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
51 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 37 wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible seal mounted with the area to engage the sides of said shade sheets when in the drawn position to prevent convection air currents from flowing thereby.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
88 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 37 wherein said apparatus is mounted at an upper portion of the area to be drawn down over it from said retracting means and wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible valance mounted at the top of the area to contact said shade sheets mounted with said retracting means when in both the drawn and retracted positions and to prevent convection air currents from flowing past the top of said apparatus.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 37 further comprising: a pair of mutually parallel transparent panes mounted in the area, said apparatus being mounted to be moved to its drawn position between said panes.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 37 wherein said shade sheets extend at an angle to the vertical when in the drawn position.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
59 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 37 wherein said retracting means is arranged to urge said shade sheets toward their retracted position and wherein said apparatus further comprises: tensioning means for urging said shade sheets toward their drawn position to hold them at an angle to the vertical.
Claim 57
Independent Claim
151 words
An apparatus for insulating an area such as a window, door, or wall against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission comprising: A. a plurality of essentially non-transparent imperforate, shade sheets; B. retracting means including a single retracting roller to which all shade sheets are attached to be rolled thereon for mounting said sheets for selective movement between a drawn position covering the area and a retracted position not covering the area; and C. spacer means mounted to separate adjacent sheets to provide a dead space therebetween, said spacer means comprising a cylindrical member associated in coaxial relation with said retracting roller, having a plurality of spaced parallel slots extending in the direction of the axis thereof, one of said sheets passing through each of said slots, said member being arranged to space said slots apart in a direction not parallel to said sheets when said apparatus is in the drawn position.
Claim 58
Independent Claim
151 words
An apparatus for insulating an area such as a window, door, or wall against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission comprising: A. a plurality of essentially non-transparent imperforate, shade sheets; B. retracting means including a single retracting roller to which all shade sheets are attached to be rolled thereon for mounting said sheets for selective movement between a drawn position covering the area and a retracted position not covering the area; and C. spacer means mounted to separate adjacent sheets to provide a dead space therebetween, said spacer means comprising a cylindrical member associated in coaxial relation with said retracting roller, having a plurality of spaced parallel slots extending in the direction of the axis thereof, one of said sheets passing through each of said slots, said member being arranged to space said slots apart in a direction not parallel to said sheets when said apparatus is in the drawn position.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
65 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 54 further comprising: a low emittance surface associated with at least one of said shade sheets, facing on said dead space, said surface having a surface emittance which is sufficiently low to yield a total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 55 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space is no greater than 0.06.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 55 wherein the surface emittance of said surface is no greater than 0.60.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 55 wherein the surface emittance of said surface is no greater than 0.06.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 55 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the infrared range of the radiant energy spectrum.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
46 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 55 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the temperature range of 30° F. to 130° F.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
55 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 55 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the infrared range of the energy spectrum and in the temperature range of 30° F. to 130° F.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
55 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 54 wherein the two outermost shade sheets of said plurality are interconnected at at least one end, to seal said dead spaces defined between adjacent sheets and thereby prevent convection air currents from developing in said dead spaces.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 62 wherein the two outermost shade sheets of said plurality are continuously formed on the same sheet of material.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 54 further comprising: seal means for preventing convection air currents from developing between said apparatus and the area.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
80 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 54 wherein said apparatus is mounted at an upper portion of the area to be drawn down over it from said retracting means; wherein the area has a bottom sill surface, and wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible flap mounted with the outermost sheet opposite the area to rest on the sill surface and prevent air currents from flowing under said apparatus.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
51 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 54 wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible seal mounted with the area to engage the sides of said shade sheets when in the drawn position to prevent convection air currents from flowing thereby.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
88 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 54 wherein said apparatus is mounted at an upper portion of the area to be drawn down over it from said retracting means and wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible valance mounted at the top of the area to contact said shade sheets mounted with said retracting means when in both the drawn and retracted positions and to prevent convection air currents from flowing past the top of said apparatus.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 54 further comprising: a pair of mutually parallel transparent panes mounted in the area, said apparatus being mounted to be moved to its drawn position between said panes.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 54 wherein said shade sheets extend at an angle to the vertical when in the drawn position.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
59 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 54 wherein said retracting means is arranged to urge said shade sheets toward their retracted position and wherein said apparatus further comprises: tensioning means for urging said shade sheets toward their drawn position to hold them at an angle to the vertical.
Claim 75
Independent Claim
114 words
An apparatus for insulating an area such as a window, door or wall against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission comprising: A. a plurality of essentially non-transparent imperforate, shade sheets; B. retracting means comprising a single retracting roller to which all shade sheets are attached to be rolled thereon for mounting said sheets for selective movement between a drawn position covering the area and a retracted position not covering the area; and C. spacer means mounted to separate adjacent sheets to provide a dead space therebetween, said spacer means comprising a cam member mounted on one of each pair of sheets in the region of the attachment of said sheets to said retracting roller.
Claim 76
Independent Claim
114 words
An apparatus for insulating an area such as a window, door or wall against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission comprising: A. a plurality of essentially non-transparent imperforate, shade sheets; B. retracting means comprising a single retracting roller to which all shade sheets are attached to be rolled thereon for mounting said sheets for selective movement between a drawn position covering the area and a retracted position not covering the area; and C. spacer means mounted to separate adjacent sheets to provide a dead space therebetween, said spacer means comprising a cam member mounted on one of each pair of sheets in the region of the attachment of said sheets to said retracting roller.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
65 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 71 further comprising: a low emittance surface associated with at least one of said shade sheets, facing on said dead space, said surface having a surface emittance which is sufficiently low to yield a total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 72 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space is no greater than 0.06.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 72 wherein the surface emittance of said surface is no greater than 0.60.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 72 wherein the surface emittance of said surface is no greater than 0.06.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 72 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the infrared range of the radiant energy spectrum.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
46 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 72 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the temperature range of 30° F. to 130° F.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
55 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 72 wherein said total effective emissivity of said surface and dead space of no greater than 0.60 is achieved in the infrared range of the energy spectrum and in the temperature range of 30° F. to 130° F.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
55 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 71 wherein the two outermost shade sheets of said plurality are interconnected at at least one end, to seal said dead spaces defined between adjacent sheets and thereby prevent convection air currents from developing in said dead spaces.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 79 wherein the two outermost shade sheets of said plurality are continuously formed on the same sheet of material.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 71 further comprising: seal means for preventing convection air currents from developing between said apparatus and the area.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
80 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 71 wherein said apparatus is mounted at an upper portion of the area to be drawn down over it from said retracting means; wherein the area has a bottom sill surface, and wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible flap mounted with the outermost sheet opposite the area to rest on the sill surface and prevent air currents from flowing under said apparatus.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
51 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 71 wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible seal mounted with the area to engage the sides of said shade sheets when in the drawn position to prevent convection air currents from flowing thereby.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
88 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 71 wherein said apparatus is mounted at an upper portion of the area to be drawn down over it from said retracting means and wherein said seal means comprises: a flexible valance mounted at the top of the area to contact said shade sheets mounted with said retracting means when in both the drawn and retracted positions and to prevent convection air currents from flowing past the top of said apparatus.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 71 further comprising: a pair of mutually parallel transparent panes mounted in the area, said apparatus being mounted to be moved to its drawn position between said panes.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 71 wherein said shade sheets extend at an angle to the vertical when in the drawn position.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
59 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 71 wherein said retracting means is arranged to urge said shade sheets toward their retracted position and wherein said apparatus further comprises: tensioning means for urging said shade sheets toward their drawn position to hold them at an angle to the verticle.
Claim 93
Independent Claim
88 words
An apparatus for insulating an area such as a window, door, or wall against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission comprising: A. a plurality of essentially non-transparent imperforate, shade sheets; B. retracting means for mounting said sheets for selective movement between a drawn position covering the area and a retracted position not covering the area; and C. spacer means mounted to separate adjacent sheets to provide a dead space therebetween, and D. means for actuating said retracting in response to environmental conditions on the exterior of said area.
Claim 94
Independent Claim
88 words
An apparatus for insulating an area such as a window, door, or wall against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission comprising: A. a plurality of essentially non-transparent imperforate, shade sheets; B. retracting means for mounting said sheets for selective movement between a drawn position covering the area and a retracted position not covering the area; and C. spacer means mounted to separate adjacent sheets to provide a dead space therebetween, and D. means for actuating said retracting in response to environmental conditions on the exterior of said area.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
50 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 88 wherein said actuating means comprises A. motor means for driving said retracting means to move said sheets between the drawn and retracted positions; and B. sensor means for detecting the environmental condition.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
25 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 89 wherein said sensor means comprises a photosensor.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
79 words
The apparatus for insulating an area against conductive, convective and radiant heat transmission as claimed in claim 90 further comprising: a microcomputer, connected to photosensor and said motor means, programmed to actuate said motor means to move said sheets to the drawn position during the daylight hours and retracted position at night in the air conditioning season and to move said sheets to the drawn position at night and retracted position during the daylight hours in the heating season.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-03-25 | 1983-09-24 | 1984-03-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-03-25 | 1987-09-24 | 1988-03-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-03-25 | 1991-09-24 | 1992-03-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |