US4192910A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Catalyst surfaces for the chromous/chromic redox couple
Assignee: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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Filing: 1978-11-29
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Granted: 1980-03-11
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Expires: 1998-11-29
Abstract
Abstract There is disclosed an electricity producing cell of the reduction-oxidation (REDOX) type divided into two compartments by a membrane, each compartment containing a solid inert electrode. A ferrous/ferric couple in a chloride solution serves as a cathode fluid which is circulated through one of the compartments to produce a positive electric potential disposed therein. A chromic/chromous couple in a chloride solution serves as an anode fluid which is circulated through the second compartment to produce a negative potential on an electrode disposed therein. The electrode is an electrically conductive, inert material plated with copper, silver or gold. A thin layer of lead plates onto the copper, silver or gold layer when the cell is being charged, the lead ions being available from lead chloride which has been added to the anode fluid. If the REDOX cell is then discharged, the current flows between the electrodes causing the lead to deplate from the negative electrode and the metal coating on the electrode will act as a catalyst to cause increased current density.
Inventors
- 👤 with respect to an invention of Frosch Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- 👤 Jose D. Giner
- 👤 Kathleen J. Cahill
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 06:26
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/64; H01M4/66; H01M4/661; H01M10/00; H01M10/36; H01M8/00; H01M8/18; H01M8/184; H01M8/188; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10; Y02E60/30; Y02E60/50
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
92 words
A REDOX cell having first and second chambers separated by an ion permeable membrane; an anode fluid in the first chamber; and a cathode fluid in the second chamber; an anode electrode in said first chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the anode fluid; a cathode electrode in said second chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the cathode fluid, said anode fluid having lead chloride salt dissolved therein whereby lead is plated onto the anode electrode when the cell is initially charged.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
92 words
A REDOX cell having first and second chambers separated by an ion permeable membrane; an anode fluid in the first chamber; and a cathode fluid in the second chamber; an anode electrode in said first chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the anode fluid; a cathode electrode in said second chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the cathode fluid, said anode fluid having lead chloride salt dissolved therein whereby lead is plated onto the anode electrode when the cell is initially charged.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
The REDOX cell of claim 1 wherein the lead ions in said anode fluid are in the amount of 10 -4 M/liter of the fluid to 10 -5 M/liter.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
The REDOX cell of claim 1 wherein said anode and cathode electrodes are selected from the group of materials consisting of carbon and graphite.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
40 words
The REDOX cell of claim 1 wherein said anode is coated with a thin layer of metal selected from the group consisting of silver, gold and copper to inhibit the oxidation of lead ions when the cell is being discharged.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
The REDOX cell of claim 4 wherein said thin layer of metal is 2-5 monolayers thick and amounts to 10 -4 to 10 -5 M/liter of anode fluid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
78 words
A REDOX cell having first and second chambers separated by an ion permeable membrane; an anode fluid in the first chamber; a cathode fluid in the second chamber; an anode electrode in said first chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the anode fluid; a cathode electrode in said second chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the cathode fluid, said anode electrode having thereon a thin coating of lead.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
78 words
A REDOX cell having first and second chambers separated by an ion permeable membrane; an anode fluid in the first chamber; a cathode fluid in the second chamber; an anode electrode in said first chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the anode fluid; a cathode electrode in said second chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the cathode fluid, said anode electrode having thereon a thin coating of lead.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
The REDOX cell of claim 1 wherein said coating of lead is about 2-5 monolayers thick.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
The REDOX cell of claim 7 wherein the amount of lead is 10 -4 to 10 -5 M/liter of anode fluid.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
31 words
The REDOX cell of claim 6 wherein a coating selected from the group of metals consisting of silver, gold and copper is disposed between the anode electrode and the lead coating.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
The REDOX cell of claim 4 wherein said coating disposed between the anode electrode and the lead coating is about 2-5 monolayers thick.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
91 words
A REDOX cell having first and second chambers separated by an ion permeable membrane; an anode fluid in the first chamber; and a cathode fluid in the second chamber; an anode electrode in said first chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the anode fluid; a cathode electrode in said second chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the cathode fluid, said anode fluid having cadmium salt dissolved therein whereby cadmium is plated onto the anode electrode when the cell is initially charged.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
91 words
A REDOX cell having first and second chambers separated by an ion permeable membrane; an anode fluid in the first chamber; and a cathode fluid in the second chamber; an anode electrode in said first chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the anode fluid; a cathode electrode in said second chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the cathode fluid, said anode fluid having cadmium salt dissolved therein whereby cadmium is plated onto the anode electrode when the cell is initially charged.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
78 words
A REDOX cell having first and second chambers separated by an ion permeable membrane; an anode fluid in the first chamber; a cathode fluid in the second chamber; an anode electrode in said first chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the anode fluid; a cathode electrode in said second chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the cathode fluid, said anode electrode having thereon a thin coating of cadmium.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
78 words
A REDOX cell having first and second chambers separated by an ion permeable membrane; an anode fluid in the first chamber; a cathode fluid in the second chamber; an anode electrode in said first chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the anode fluid; a cathode electrode in said second chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the cathode fluid, said anode electrode having thereon a thin coating of cadmium.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
The REDOX cell of claim 12 wherein said coating of cadmium is about 2-5 monolayers thick.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
90 words
A REDOX cell having first and second chambers separated by an ion permeable membrane; an anode fluid in the first chamber; and a cathode fluid in the second chamber; an anode electrode in said first chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the anode fluid; a cathode electrode in said second chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the cathode fluid, said anode fluid having dissolved therein more than one salt selected from the group consisting of lead chloride and cadmium chloride.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
90 words
A REDOX cell having first and second chambers separated by an ion permeable membrane; an anode fluid in the first chamber; and a cathode fluid in the second chamber; an anode electrode in said first chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the anode fluid; a cathode electrode in said second chamber, said electrode being electrically conductive but inert with respect to the cathode fluid, said anode fluid having dissolved therein more than one salt selected from the group consisting of lead chloride and cadmium chloride.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-03-11 | 1983-09-10 | 1984-03-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-03-11 | 1987-09-10 | 1988-03-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-03-11 | 1991-09-10 | 1992-03-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |