US4189712A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Switch and lock activating system and method
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1977-11-09
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Granted: 1980-02-19
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Expires: 1997-11-09
Abstract
Abstract A system and method are provided for opening a lock or activating a switch by electronically controlled means. In one form, a finger ring is provided which contains a code recording supported within or adjacent the crown thereof. When the hand of the person wearing the ring is held near a reading device, such as to dispose the crown within a recepticle containing the reading device, the code is automatically read and electrical signals generated thereby are applied to close or open an electrical switch or operate a motor or solenoid for opening a lock and/or drive a door to open. If the signals generated in reading the ring recording is a code, they may be applied to a comparator for operating the lock or switch if the code is an enabling code. The reading device may comprise a photoelectric cell or bank of cells adapted to read variations in reflectivity of the ring code. In another form, the ring may contain an electronic circuit or devices which generate a code in the presence of a radiation field generated in the vicinity of the recepticle for the ring upon sensing the presence of the ring. In another form, the ring may contain a battery and electronic circuit means for generating the enabling code when a switch is closed. In another form, the combination of the code generating means of the ring and a separate circuit such as a circuit card, may be required to enable the switch to close or the lock to open. Improvements are also provided in the constructions of electronic keys in the configurations of finger rings, wrist watches, cards and the like, for use in switch and lock activating systems, security and transaction systems and the like.
Inventors
- 👤 Jerome H. Lemelson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 19:53
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06K; G06K19/00; G06K19/06; G06K19/067; G06K19/07; G06K19/077; G06K19/07749; G06K19/07758; G06K19/07762; E; E05; E05B; E05B49/00; E05B49/002; E05B49/006; G06K19/04; G06K19/06009; G06K7/00; G06K7/08; G06K7/082; G06K7/083; G06K7/086; G06K7/10; G06K7/10544; G06K7/10821; G06K7/1097; G07; G07C; G07C9/00; G07C9/00174; G07C9/00309; G06K2019/06215; G06K2019/06225; G06K2019/06253; G07C2009/00753; G07C2009/00769; G07C2009/00777
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
198 words
An electronic control system for enabling the operation of an electrically operated device, such as a lock opening means or other means, comprising in combination: first means defining a key adapted to be carried by a person, said key including a support in the shape of a finger ring and having a crown portion and a coded means disposed behind the outer surface of said crown portion, reading means for the coded means of said first means, said reading means comprising: radiation generating means for generating and directing radiation toward said first means wherein said coded means of said first means operates to provide modulated radiation directed at said first means, and sensing means associated with said reading means for sensing said modulated radiation and generating output signals which are representative of the code defined by said coded means, signal processing means operable to receive said output signals generated by said sensing means and generate a control signal when signals are received thereby or predetermined characteristics, control means optically connected to receive said control signals and an electrically operated device controlled by said control means and operable to perform a given function when said control signal is generated.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
198 words
An electronic control system for enabling the operation of an electrically operated device, such as a lock opening means or other means, comprising in combination: first means defining a key adapted to be carried by a person, said key including a support in the shape of a finger ring and having a crown portion and a coded means disposed behind the outer surface of said crown portion, reading means for the coded means of said first means, said reading means comprising: radiation generating means for generating and directing radiation toward said first means wherein said coded means of said first means operates to provide modulated radiation directed at said first means, and sensing means associated with said reading means for sensing said modulated radiation and generating output signals which are representative of the code defined by said coded means, signal processing means operable to receive said output signals generated by said sensing means and generate a control signal when signals are received thereby or predetermined characteristics, control means optically connected to receive said control signals and an electrically operated device controlled by said control means and operable to perform a given function when said control signal is generated.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
130 words
A system in accordance with claim 1 including a jewel having a light conducting portion and supported by said finger ring and defining the crown portion thereof, said coded means defined by optically contrasting elements disposed behind said jewel, said radiation generating means comprising a light source and means for predeterminately positioning said jewel with respect to said light source to permit light from said light source to pass through said light conducting portion of said jewel and to be reflected back through said jewel from said light contrasting means, said sensing means comprising photoelectric means for receiving said reflected light when said jewel is prepositioned by said prepositioning means for generating electrical signals which define the pattern of light received by said sensing means from said light contrasting means.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
A system in accordance with claim 2 wherein said photoelectric means comprises a bank of photodetectors which are operable for scanning respective portions of said contrasting means when said crown of said ring is predeterminately located.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
59 words
A system in accordance with claim 1 including means for movably supporting said sensing means and means for power driving said photoelectric means to cause said photoelectric means to scan light received from said light contrasting means to generate a code signal on its output which code signal is representative of the code defined by said light contrasting means.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
94 words
A system in accordance with claim 1 including means for receiving and guiding the crown of said ring in a path past said sensing means when said ring is moved by the movement of the hand supporting said ring with respect to said sensing means to permit said sensing means to scan and detect light reflected across the code defining area of said light contrasting means so as to effect the generation of code defining signals on the output of said sensing means as said ring is moved with respect to said guide means.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
43 words
A system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said finger ring includes a housing containing said coded means supported therein and operable for modulating radiation generated by said radiation generating means when said housing is in the vicinity of said radiation generating means.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
94 words
A system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said signal processing means includes an electronic comparator for receiving the signal generated by said sensing means and memory means forming part of said signal processing means and containing a plurality of different code generating means for comparison with the code signals generated by said sensing means and wherein said comparator means is operable to generate said code signal when the code signal is received thereby from said sensing means match one of said codes generated by said different code signal generating means of said memory.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
71 words
A system in accordance with claim 1 including further signal generating means and second key means carried by the person carrying said first means, said further signal generating means being responsive to the presence of said second key means to generate a further signal, said signal processing means being operable to generate said control signal in response its receipt of the signals generated by said sensing means and said further signal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
59 words
A system in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first means includes light emitting means for defining the code of said coded means, said light emitting means being responsive to the radiation generated by said radiation generating means to emit light which is readable by said sensing means for generating said output signals which are representative of said code.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
183 words
An electronic keying system comprising in combination: a base in the shape of a finger ring having a crown portion and a ring portion for holding the ring on a finger, a housing supported by said base and defining part of the crown portion of said ring, an electrically operated locking system including an operable lock and a support for said lock, control means for said system including a switching means, activating means for said switching means, said lock support having a receptacle with a cavity formed therein, at least a portion of said housing of said ring conforming to the wall of said cavity, optically scannable code means supported by said ring housing, electro-optical scanning means supported by said receptacle, said electro-optical scanning means being located and operable to scan said code means of said ring housing when said ring housing is disposed in said cavity and to generate an output signal, means for transmitting said output signal to said electrically operated locking system, and means responsive to said output signal and operable for activating said operable lock of said locking system.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
183 words
An electronic keying system comprising in combination: a base in the shape of a finger ring having a crown portion and a ring portion for holding the ring on a finger, a housing supported by said base and defining part of the crown portion of said ring, an electrically operated locking system including an operable lock and a support for said lock, control means for said system including a switching means, activating means for said switching means, said lock support having a receptacle with a cavity formed therein, at least a portion of said housing of said ring conforming to the wall of said cavity, optically scannable code means supported by said ring housing, electro-optical scanning means supported by said receptacle, said electro-optical scanning means being located and operable to scan said code means of said ring housing when said ring housing is disposed in said cavity and to generate an output signal, means for transmitting said output signal to said electrically operated locking system, and means responsive to said output signal and operable for activating said operable lock of said locking system.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
52 words
A system in accordance with claim 10 wherein said housing has an arcuate outer surface and said cavity is defined by a wall conforming to the shape of said ring housing and configured to permit said housing to be inserted into said cavity and to conform to said wall of said cavity.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
61 words
A system in accordance with claim 11 wherein said code means supported by said ring housing is of such a configuration to be readable by said electro-optical reading means during the disposition of said housing of said ring within said cavity of said receptacle over a wide range of attitudes said ring base may be disposed with respect to said cavity.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
21 words
A system in accordance with claim 12 wherein said code means comprises an array of concentric code bars in circular form.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
98 words
A system in accordance with claim 12 wherein said code means comprises an array of code bars of variable shape which are centrally disposed with respect to the wall of the cavity in said receptacle when said ring is disposed therein and said reading means is operable to read said code means by moving said ring base while conforming said crown of said ring to the surface of said wall of said cavity, said cavity wall and the surface of said housing being configured to permit said ring housing to be slidably engaged and rotated within said cavity.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
113 words
A coded identifying means comprising in combination: a first support having a ring portion adapted to retain said support on the finger of a person, a crown portion supported by said ring portion, and an optically scannable code means disposed within said crown portion, a transparent window forming part of said crown portion and disposed in direct alignment with said optically scannable code means, a second support unattached to said first support, electro-optical scanning means supported by said second support, and means for aligning said window of said ring with said electro-optical scanning means to permit said scanning means to scan said optically readable code and to generate code signals defining said code.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
113 words
A coded identifying means comprising in combination: a first support having a ring portion adapted to retain said support on the finger of a person, a crown portion supported by said ring portion, and an optically scannable code means disposed within said crown portion, a transparent window forming part of said crown portion and disposed in direct alignment with said optically scannable code means, a second support unattached to said first support, electro-optical scanning means supported by said second support, and means for aligning said window of said ring with said electro-optical scanning means to permit said scanning means to scan said optically readable code and to generate code signals defining said code.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
A device in accordance with claim 15 wherein said window is in the shape of a simulated transparent jewel.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
A device in accordance with claim 16 wherein said optically scannable code is disposed against a face of said jewel.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
A device in accordance with claim 16 wherein said optically scannable code is supported within the structure of said jewel.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
49 words
A device in accordance with claim 16 wherein said jewel is shaped to define an enlarging lens and said optically scannable code is disposed behind said lens with said lens being operable to enlarge the image of said code and present said enlarged image to said electro-optical scanning means.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
45 words
A device in accordance with claim 15 wherein said second support contains a cavity formed therein and having a wall conforming to at least a portion of said first portion for aligning said window thereof with said electro-optical scanning means supported by said second support.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-02-18 | 1983-08-20 | 1984-02-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-02-18 | 1987-08-20 | 1988-02-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-02-18 | 1991-08-20 | 1992-02-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |