US4189392A — Tracking resistant HV insulation material contain…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 127 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler, said group being selected from groups compatible with said polymeric material so as to render the compound soluble in said polymeric material, miscible with said polymeric material, or resistant to leaching from said polymeric material and groups capable of interacting with the surface of the anti-tracking filler to form a layer thereon, said material having initial tracking voltage of at least 2.5kV as measured by ASTM D2303.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 127 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler, said group being selected from groups compatible with said polymeric material so as to render the compound soluble in said polymeric material, miscible with said polymeric material, or resistant to leaching from said polymeric material and groups capable of interacting with the surface of the anti-tracking filler to form a layer thereon, said material having initial tracking voltage of at least 2.5kV as measured by ASTM D2303.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 36 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the polymeric material comprises a polyolefin, an olefin copolymer, a substituted polyolefin, an acrylic rubber, a silicone polymer, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane or a polyether.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 17 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 2 wherein said olefin copolymer is an olefin/unsaturated ester copolymer.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 15 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the polymeric material is crosslinked.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 16 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the polymeric material is heat recoverable.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 25 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the anti-tracking filler comprises an inorganic metal oxide, hydroxide or salt, or a mixture thereof.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 18 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 6, in which the anti-tracking filler is a hydrate of alumina.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 17 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 7, in which the anti-tracking filler is α alumina trihydrate.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 26 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the anti-tracking filler has a specific surface area of from 5 to 50 m 2 /g.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 50 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the anti-tracking filler includes an adjuvant which comprises an oxide, mixed oxide, or mixture of oxides, which oxide, mixed oxide, or mixture of oxides contains at least one element from the transition elements, the lanthanide series, or the actinide series.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 37 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the anti-tracking filler is present in an amount of from 20 to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymeric material and the filler.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 26 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the fluorine-substituted compound comprises a fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 20 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 12, in which the fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain is a fluorinated alkyl group.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 38 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 12, in which the fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain comprises a CH 2 -group adjacent to the link with the group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 24 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 12, in which the fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain has a terminal carbon atom carrying three fluorine atoms.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 31 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the fluorine-substituted carbon chain is linked directly to the group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 38 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the fluorine-substituted carbon chain is linked to the group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler through an alkoxy, acyl, amide or ester linkage.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 41 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the polymeric material comprises a polyolefin, or an olefin copolymer, and the group having an affinity for the polymeric material comprises a carbon chain containing from 3 to 20 carbon atoms.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 36 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1 in which the polymeric material comprises an acrylate or methacrylate polymer and the group having an affinity for the polymeric material comprises an ester, ether, or amide group.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 40 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the polymeric material comprises a silicone polymer, and the group having an affinity for the polymeric material comprises a silicon atom bonded to oxygen, carbon, a halogen, nitrogen or hydrogen.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 34 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 20, in which the group having an affinity for the polymeric material comprises a siloxane linkage, or a polysiloxane chain containing from 4 to 30 siloxane linkages.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 35 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1 in which the group having an affinity for the anti-tracking filler is a group which hydrolyses, or may be hydrolysed, in the presence of the anti-tracking filler.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 34 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 22, in which the group having an affinity for the anti-tracking filler is a hydroxyl, alkyl or hydroxy ester group, or an amine or carboxyl containing group.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 23 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 23, in which the group having an affinity for the anti-tracking filler is a citrate group.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 39 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1 in which the molecular weight ratio of the fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain to the group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler is from 2:1 to 1:2.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 24 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1 in which the fluorine-substituted compound is an ester of a fluoroaliphatic alcohol and an aliphatic acid.

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 41 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 26, in which the fluorine-substituted compound is an ester of Rf CH 2 CH 2 .OH where Rf is a perfluorinated C 4 -C 6 alkyl group, wth azelaic, citric, lauric or stearic acid.

Claim 29

Dependent Claim 137 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1 in which the fluorine-substituted compound is a compound of the formula: ##STR9## where R'f is a fluorinated alkyl group containing from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, Y is an ester group such that the Y--Si linkage is a carbon-silicon bond, X is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or Y--R'f; R 1 to R 5 are lower alkyl groups, which may be the same or different, containing up to 6 carbon atoms, R 6 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group containing up to 6 carbon atoms, x is an integer of from 2 to 5; Z is a divalent linking group; n is an integer of from 4 to 30; and m is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 30.

Claim 30

Dependent Claim 32 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 28 in which Y represents a group of formula --CO.O--(CH 2 ) x -- in which x is an integer of from 2 to 5.

Claim 31

Dependent Claim 39 words

An electrically insulating material according to claim 28 in which the fluorine-substituted compound is a compound of the formula: ##STR10## where X is CH 3 or (CH 2 ) 3 --O.CO--R'f and n and R'f are as previously defined.

Claim 32

Dependent Claim 54 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the fluorine-substituted compound is a compound of the formula R'fCH.sub. 2.CH.sub.2 --A where A is a silane or siloxane group linked to the fluorine-containing carbon chain by a C-Si bond, and R'f is a fluorinated alkyl group containing from 6 to 18 carbon atoms.

Claim 33

Dependent Claim 51 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the fluorine-substituted compound is a compound of formula: ##STR11## Where R"f is a fluorinated alkyl group comprising from 2 to 16 carbon atoms and m is 0 or an integer of from 1-30 and n is an integer of from 4-30.

Claim 34

Dependent Claim 20 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the fluorine-substituted compound is covalently bound to the polymeric material.

Claim 35

Dependent Claim 21 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 33, in which the fluorine-substituted compound is an allyl ester of a fluoroalkanoic acid.

Claim 36

Dependent Claim 37 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the fluorine-substituted compound is present in an amount sufficient to give the surface of the insulating material an equilibrium contact angle with water of greater than 110°.

Claim 37

Dependent Claim 31 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1, in which the fluorine-substituted compound is present in an amount of from 0.01 to 2% based upon the weight of the polymeric material.

Claim 38

Dependent Claim 43 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1 in which the polymeric material is selected from a polyolefin or an olefin copolymer and the group having an affinity for the polymeric material comprises a carbon chain containing up to about 100 carbon atoms.

Claim 39

Dependent Claim 20 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 37 in which said carbon chain comprises from 3 to 20 carbon atoms.

Claim 40

Dependent Claim 37 words

An electrical insulating material according claim 1 in which the polymeric material is selected from an acrylate or methacrylate polymer and the group having an affinity for the polymeric material is an ester, ether or amide group.

Claim 41

Dependent Claim 42 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1 in which the polymeric material is selected from epoxy resins, polyethers and epichlorohydrin rubbers and the group having an affinity for the polymeric material is selected from the groups containing epoxide or ether linkages.

Claim 42

Dependent Claim 32 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1 in which the polymeric material is polyurethane and the group having an affinity for the polymeric material is a group containing a urethane linkage.

Claim 43

Dependent Claim 31 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 1 in which the polymeric material is a silicone polymer and the group having an affinity for the polymeric material comprises a siloxane linkage.

Claim 44

Dependent Claim 25 words

An electrical insulating composition according to claim 42 wherein the group having an affinity for the polymeric material contains up to about 40 siloxane linkages.

Claim 45

Dependent Claim 26 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 42 in which the group having an affinity for the polymeric material contains from 4 to 30 siloxane linkages.

Claim 46

Dependent Claim 32 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 42 in which the group having an affinity for the polymeric material contains at least one silicon atom bonded to carbon halogen, nitrogen or hydrogen.

Claim 47

Dependent Claim 17 words

A moulding or extrusion composition suitable for processing into an electrical insulating material according to claim 1.

Claim 48

Dependent Claim 17 words

A high voltage cable connection or termination protected by an electrical insulating material according to claim 1.

Claim 49

Dependent Claim 14 words

A high voltage electrical insulator comprising an electrical insulating material according to claim 1.

Claim 50

Dependent Claim 67 words

A high voltage electrical insulating polymeric material having an initial tracking voltage of at least 2.5kV as measured in accordance with ASTM D2303 comprising an anti-tracking filler and an erosion inhibiting non-ionic aliphatic fluorine-substituted compound selected from compounds soluble in said polymeric material, compounds miscible with said polymeric material, compounds resistant to leaching from said polymeric material and compounds that form a layer on said anti-tracking filler.

Claim 51

Dependent Claim 67 words

A high voltage electrical insulating polymeric material having an initial tracking voltage of at least 2.5kV as measured in accordance with ASTM D2303 comprising an anti-tracking filler and an erosion inhibiting non-ionic aliphatic fluorine-substituted compound selected from compounds soluble in said polymeric material, compounds miscible with said polymeric material, compounds resistant to leaching from said polymeric material and compounds that form a layer on said anti-tracking filler.

Claim 52

Dependent Claim 62 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an inorganic metal hydroxide anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler.

Claim 53

Dependent Claim 62 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an inorganic metal hydroxide anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler.

Claim 54

Dependent Claim 65 words

An electrical component protected by an electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler.

Claim 55

Dependent Claim 65 words

An electrical component protected by an electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler.

Claim 56

Dependent Claim 60 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a citrate group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler.

Claim 57

Dependent Claim 60 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a citrate group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler.

Claim 58

Dependent Claim 84 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material said group selected from the group consisting of laurate, stearate, amylate, n--C 5 H 11 .O.CO--, n--C 12 H 25 O.CO--, n--C 18 H 37 O.CO--, azelate and citrate.

Claim 59

Dependent Claim 84 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material said group selected from the group consisting of laurate, stearate, amylate, n--C 5 H 11 .O.CO--, n--C 12 H 25 O.CO--, n--C 18 H 37 O.CO--, azelate and citrate.

Claim 60

Dependent Claim 83 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material selected from groups of the formula ##STR12## where m is O or an integer from 1 to 30, and n is an integer of from 4 to 30.

Claim 61

Dependent Claim 83 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material selected from groups of the formula ##STR12## where m is O or an integer from 1 to 30, and n is an integer of from 4 to 30.

Claim 62

Dependent Claim 69 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the anti-tracking filler which group is selected from the group consisting of hydrolysable silicone or siloxane groups.

Claim 63

Dependent Claim 69 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the anti-tracking filler which group is selected from the group consisting of hydrolysable silicone or siloxane groups.

Claim 64

Dependent Claim 47 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, said compound being an ester of a fluoroaliphatic alcohol and an aliphatic acid.

Claim 65

Dependent Claim 47 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, said compound being an ester of a fluoroaliphatic alcohol and an aliphatic acid.

Claim 66

Dependent Claim 186 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler, said compound being selected from the group consisting of ##STR13## where R'f is a fluorinated alkyl group containing from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, Y is an ester group such that the Y--Si linkage is a carbon-silicon bond, X is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or Y--R'f; R 1 to R 5 are lower alkyl groups, which may be the same or different, containing up to 6 carbon atoms, R 6 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group containing up to 6 carbon atoms, x is an integer of from 2 to 5; Z is a divalent linking group; n is an integer of from 4 to 30; and m is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 30.

Claim 67

Dependent Claim 186 words

An electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler, said compound being selected from the group consisting of ##STR13## where R'f is a fluorinated alkyl group containing from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, Y is an ester group such that the Y--Si linkage is a carbon-silicon bond, X is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or Y--R'f; R 1 to R 5 are lower alkyl groups, which may be the same or different, containing up to 6 carbon atoms, R 6 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group containing up to 6 carbon atoms, x is an integer of from 2 to 5; Z is a divalent linking group; n is an integer of from 4 to 30; and m is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 30.

Claim 68

Dependent Claim 19 words

An electrical insulating material according to claim 57 wherein Z is selected from ester, amide and ether linking groups.

Claim 69

Independent Claim 72 words

A method of protecting an electrical component comprising electrically insulating the component using an electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler.

Claim 70

Independent Claim 72 words

A method of protecting an electrical component comprising electrically insulating the component using an electrical insulating material suitable for high voltage applications which is resistant to tracking and spark erosion comprising a polymeric material having incorporated therein an anti-tracking filler and an erosion-inhibiting, hydrophobic, non-ionic, fluorine-substituted compound, the compound having at least one fluorine-substituted aliphatic carbon chain linked to a group having an affinity for the polymeric material and/or the anti-tracking filler.

Claim 71

Dependent Claim 28 words

A method according to claim 59, in which the electrical insulating material is recoverable and is recovered so as to form a close fit over the electrical component.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1983-02-18	1983-08-20	1984-02-19	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1987-02-18	1987-08-20	1988-02-19	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1991-02-18	1991-08-20	1992-02-19	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Tracking resistant HV insulation material containing fluorine-substituted component to inhibit erosion

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