US4182614A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Surface active agent for emulsion fuel
Assignee: Kao Corp
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Filing: 1978-06-05
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Granted: 1980-01-08
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Expires: 1998-06-05
Abstract
Abstract Emulsion fuels can be effectively emulsified with a very small amount of a compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein at least 1.25 on the average of the 3 X's stand for an acyl group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms, the remainder being a hydrogen atom, and the sum of numbers n1, n2 and n3 is in the range of from 2 to 50.
Inventors
- 👤 Noboru Moriyama
- 👤 Yoshio Aoki
- 👤 Yukihiro Furuyama
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 01:49
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/32; C10L1/328
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
76 words
In a method for preparing a water-in-oil emulsion fuel which comprises emulsifying water in oil, in the presence of an emulsifying agent, the improvement which comprises using, as the emulsifying agent, surfactant having the formula: ##STR3## wherein at least 1.25 on the average of the three X's are lauroyl or oleoyl and the remaining X's are hydrogen, and the sum of the numbers n1, n2 and n3 is in the range of from 2 to 50.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
76 words
In a method for preparing a water-in-oil emulsion fuel which comprises emulsifying water in oil, in the presence of an emulsifying agent, the improvement which comprises using, as the emulsifying agent, surfactant having the formula: ##STR3## wherein at least 1.25 on the average of the three X's are lauroyl or oleoyl and the remaining X's are hydrogen, and the sum of the numbers n1, n2 and n3 is in the range of from 2 to 50.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, in which said surfactant is used in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of water and oil.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 in which said surfactant is used in an amount of 0.1 to 0.4% by weight, based on the total weight of oil and water.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the emulsion fuel consists essentially of from 5 to 40% by weight of water and from 95 to 60% by weight of oil.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 in which the oil is kerosine or heavy oil.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
85 words
A water-in-oil emulsion fuel consisting essentially of from 5 to 40% by weight of water, from 95 to 60% by weight of fuel oil, and from 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, based on the combined weights of said water and said fuel oil, of surfactant having the formula ##STR4## wherein at least 1.25 on the average of the 3 X's are lauroyl or oleoyl and the remaining X's are hydrogen, and the sum of the numbers n1, n2 and n3 is from 2 to 50.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
85 words
A water-in-oil emulsion fuel consisting essentially of from 5 to 40% by weight of water, from 95 to 60% by weight of fuel oil, and from 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, based on the combined weights of said water and said fuel oil, of surfactant having the formula ##STR4## wherein at least 1.25 on the average of the 3 X's are lauroyl or oleoyl and the remaining X's are hydrogen, and the sum of the numbers n1, n2 and n3 is from 2 to 50.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-01-07 | 1983-07-09 | 1984-01-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-01-07 | 1987-07-09 | 1988-01-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-01-07 | 1991-07-09 | 1992-01-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |