US4180407A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Ink for application to unglazed paper surfaces
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1978-09-15
•
Granted: 1979-12-25
•
Expires: 1998-09-15
Abstract
Abstract Ink which is especially suitable for application to or for drawing lines on unglazed or porous surfaces is an aqueous suspension of an opaque, water-insoluble powdered pigment, containing also a binder which forms a flexible film upon drying, and a small amount of surfactant and, if desired, a fungicide.
Inventors
- 👤 Donald M. Gibson
- 👤 Donald C. Pierce
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 22:25
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09D; C09D11/00; C09D11/16
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
242 words
An ink for ruling pens for direct use on unglazed paper surface including cardboard picture mats, consisting essentially of the following components: (a) from 2.8 to 13.7% by weight of opaque water-insoluble pigment of particles passing through a 325 mesh sieve and said particles being of from 0.1 to 5.0 micron size in at least one dimension, (b) from 2.5 to 4% by weight of an organic binder, adapted to bind said particles together and to said surfaces and to form a flexible film upon drying, (c) a small but effective amount of a surfactant sufficient to effect wetting of the pigment by water and dispersion therein, (d) a small but effective amount of fungicide sufficient to prevent bacterial degradation of said organic binder, and (e) water to make 100% by weight and to form said ink having a surface tension of from 50 to 60 dynes per cm, to provide an opaque ink, (f) the viscosity of said ink being adjusted so that the pigment holds in said pen while the ink is being used; and the surface tension and viscosity being so adjusted as to determine the rheological properties of said ink so that an adequate charge of said ink will hold in the pen without dripping out while the ink will flow out of said pen readily when a line is being drawn; and said ink will not spread and feather out when applied to a porous paper surface.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
242 words
An ink for ruling pens for direct use on unglazed paper surface including cardboard picture mats, consisting essentially of the following components: (a) from 2.8 to 13.7% by weight of opaque water-insoluble pigment of particles passing through a 325 mesh sieve and said particles being of from 0.1 to 5.0 micron size in at least one dimension, (b) from 2.5 to 4% by weight of an organic binder, adapted to bind said particles together and to said surfaces and to form a flexible film upon drying, (c) a small but effective amount of a surfactant sufficient to effect wetting of the pigment by water and dispersion therein, (d) a small but effective amount of fungicide sufficient to prevent bacterial degradation of said organic binder, and (e) water to make 100% by weight and to form said ink having a surface tension of from 50 to 60 dynes per cm, to provide an opaque ink, (f) the viscosity of said ink being adjusted so that the pigment holds in said pen while the ink is being used; and the surface tension and viscosity being so adjusted as to determine the rheological properties of said ink so that an adequate charge of said ink will hold in the pen without dripping out while the ink will flow out of said pen readily when a line is being drawn; and said ink will not spread and feather out when applied to a porous paper surface.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
An ink as in claim 1 wherein said particles are predominantly of uniform sizes between 0.5 and 5.0 microns.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
An ink as in claim 1 wherein said particles are flat metallic flakes of from 0.1 to 5 microns thickness.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
An ink as in claim 3 wherein said particles are non-tarnishing bronze flakes.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
220 words
An ink for ruling pens for direct use on unglazed paper surface including cardboard picture mats, consisting essentially of the following components: (a) from 2.8 to 13.7% by weight of opaque, water-insoluble pigment of particle sizes predominantly in the range of from 0.1 to 5 microns, (b) from 2.5% to 4% by weight of an organic binder, adapted to bind said particles together and to said surfaces and to form a flexible film upon drying, (c) a small amount of surfactant effective to cause wetting and dispersion of said pigment in water, (d) a small amount of fungicide sufficient to prevent bacterial degradation of said binder, and (e) water to make 100% by weight and to form said ink having a surface tension of from 50 to 60 dynes per cm, to provide an opaque ink, (f) the viscosity of said ink being such that the pigment holds in said pen while the ink is being used; and the surface tension and viscosity being such as to determine the rheological properties of said ink so that an adequate charge thereof will hold in the pen without dripping out while the ink will flow out of said pen readily when a line is being drawn; and said ink will not spread and feather out when applied to a porous paper surface.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
220 words
An ink for ruling pens for direct use on unglazed paper surface including cardboard picture mats, consisting essentially of the following components: (a) from 2.8 to 13.7% by weight of opaque, water-insoluble pigment of particle sizes predominantly in the range of from 0.1 to 5 microns, (b) from 2.5% to 4% by weight of an organic binder, adapted to bind said particles together and to said surfaces and to form a flexible film upon drying, (c) a small amount of surfactant effective to cause wetting and dispersion of said pigment in water, (d) a small amount of fungicide sufficient to prevent bacterial degradation of said binder, and (e) water to make 100% by weight and to form said ink having a surface tension of from 50 to 60 dynes per cm, to provide an opaque ink, (f) the viscosity of said ink being such that the pigment holds in said pen while the ink is being used; and the surface tension and viscosity being such as to determine the rheological properties of said ink so that an adequate charge thereof will hold in the pen without dripping out while the ink will flow out of said pen readily when a line is being drawn; and said ink will not spread and feather out when applied to a porous paper surface.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
An ink as in claim 5 wherein said pigment is at least one substance chosen from the group consisting of iron oxides, chromic oxide, carbon black ultramarine blue, raw umber, burnt umber, and titanium dioxide.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
An ink as in claim 5 wherein said binder is chosen from the group consisting of hydroxy ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and carboxy methyl cellulose.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
An ink as in claim 5 wherein said binder is hydroxy ethyl cellulose.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
An ink as in claim 8 wherein said hydroxy ethyl cellulose is present in an amount of 2.5% by wt.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
An ink as in claim 5 wherein said binder is methyl cellulose.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
An ink as in claim 5 wherein said binder is carboxy methyl cellulose.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
13 words
An ink as in claim 5 wherein said surfactant is amino methyl propanol.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
An ink as in claim 5 wherein said surfactant is present in an amount of about 0.5%.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
An ink as in claim 5 wherein said fungicide is present in an amount of about 0.2%.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
An ink as in claim 5 wherein said fungicide is di(phenyl mercury) dodecenyl succinate.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3010833A
Cited
US3891581A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-12-24 | 1983-06-25 | 1983-12-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-12-24 | 1987-06-25 | 1987-12-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-12-24 | 1991-06-25 | 1991-12-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |