US4179926A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Multiple signal thermoparticulating coating
Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp
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Filing: 1977-05-12
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Granted: 1979-12-25
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Expires: 1997-05-12
Abstract
Abstract A composition is disclosed of a solution of a resinous carrier and at least two compounds which thermoparticulate at different temperatures between 60° and 200° C. A coating is made by applying the composition to a portion of an electrical apparatus exposed to a gas stream. As the temperature of the coating increases the compounds therein thermoparticulate. The time between which the compounds thermoparticulate indicates the rate of rise of the temperature and analysis of the products of thermoparticulation indicates the location of the coating in the electrical apparatus. Alternatively, the coating can consist of several layers with a thermoparticulating compound in each layer which thermoparticulates at different temperatures.
Inventors
- 👤 David C. Phillips
- 👤 William M. Hickam
- 👤 James D. B. Smith
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 16:40
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N25/00; G01K; G01K11/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
116 words
A composition comprising at least two mutually non-reactive compounds which thermoparticulate at different temperatures between 60° and 200° C., at least 25° C. apart where the concentration of the compound which thermoparticulates at the lowest temperature is at least 33% less than the concentration of the compound which thermoparticulates at the next higher temperature, said composition including a solution of a resinous carrier curable at 60° C., stable at 60° C. when cured, and unreactive with any of said compounds which thermoparticulate, wherein the amount of said compounds total about 20 to about 250 phr and the amount of solvent in said solution is about 25 to about 75% (by weight based on the resinous carrier).
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
116 words
A composition comprising at least two mutually non-reactive compounds which thermoparticulate at different temperatures between 60° and 200° C., at least 25° C. apart where the concentration of the compound which thermoparticulates at the lowest temperature is at least 33% less than the concentration of the compound which thermoparticulates at the next higher temperature, said composition including a solution of a resinous carrier curable at 60° C., stable at 60° C. when cured, and unreactive with any of said compounds which thermoparticulate, wherein the amount of said compounds total about 20 to about 250 phr and the amount of solvent in said solution is about 25 to about 75% (by weight based on the resinous carrier).
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
A composition according to claim 1 which contains two compounds, one of which thermoparticulates between about 125° and about 175° C. and the other of which thermoparticulates between about 175° and about 200° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
44 words
A composition according to claim 1 which contains three compounds, one of which thermoparticulates between about 80° and about 125° C., one of which thermoparticulates between about 125° and about 175° C., and one of which thermoparticulates between about 175° and about 200° C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
38 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein the amount of said compounds totals about 40 to about 60 phr and the amount of said solvent is about 45 to about 55% (by weight based on said resinous carrier).
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein said resinous carrier is an epoxy resin.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition according to claim 5 which includes about 0.1 to about 3 phr of a drier for said epoxy resin.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
A composition according to claim 6 which is prepared by first mixing said solution of resinous carrier and said drier and then mixing in said compounds which thermoparticulate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition according to claim 1 where the solvent in said solution is toluene.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein said compounds which thermoparticulate are dispersed in said solution.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
A composition according to claim 1 wherein said resinous carrier is air-dryable.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
97 words
A thermoparticulating coating comprising a solid layer on a substrate which comprises a cured resinous carrier stable at 60° C. and at least two mutually unreactive compounds which thermoparticulate at different temperatures at least 25° C. apart between 60° and 200° C., where the concentration of the compound which thermoparticulates at the lower temperature is at least 33% less than the concentration of the compound which thermoparticulates at the next higher temperature, said resinous carrier being unreactive with any of said compounds which thermoparticulate, wherein the amount of said compounds totals about 20 to about 250 phr.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
97 words
A thermoparticulating coating comprising a solid layer on a substrate which comprises a cured resinous carrier stable at 60° C. and at least two mutually unreactive compounds which thermoparticulate at different temperatures at least 25° C. apart between 60° and 200° C., where the concentration of the compound which thermoparticulates at the lower temperature is at least 33% less than the concentration of the compound which thermoparticulates at the next higher temperature, said resinous carrier being unreactive with any of said compounds which thermoparticulate, wherein the amount of said compounds totals about 20 to about 250 phr.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
44 words
A thermal detection system for electrical apparatus cooled by a gas stream, comprising a coating according to claim 11 on a portion of said electrical apparatus exposed to said gas stream and a monitor for detecting the presence of particles in said gas stream.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
130 words
A thermoparticulating coating on a substrate comprising at least two solid layers one atop the other, each layer comprising at least one compound which thermoparticulates at a different temperature between 60° and 200° C. where the concentration of a compound which thermoparticulates at the next lower temperature than another compound is at least 33% less than the concentration of the other compound, at least one of said layers including a resinous carrier curable at 60° C. stable when cured, and unreactive with any of said compounds which thermoparticulate, wherein the amount of each of said compounds in a resinous carrier is about 20 to about 250 phr, said layers being arranged so that no layer thermoparticulates at a higher temperature than a layer which is between it and said substrate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
130 words
A thermoparticulating coating on a substrate comprising at least two solid layers one atop the other, each layer comprising at least one compound which thermoparticulates at a different temperature between 60° and 200° C. where the concentration of a compound which thermoparticulates at the next lower temperature than another compound is at least 33% less than the concentration of the other compound, at least one of said layers including a resinous carrier curable at 60° C. stable when cured, and unreactive with any of said compounds which thermoparticulate, wherein the amount of each of said compounds in a resinous carrier is about 20 to about 250 phr, said layers being arranged so that no layer thermoparticulates at a higher temperature than a layer which is between it and said substrate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
44 words
A thermal detection system for electrical apparatus cooled by a gas stream, comprising a coating according to claim 13 on a portion of said electrical apparatus exposed to said gas stream and a monitor for detecting the presence of particles in said gas stream.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
95 words
A method of determining the rate of temperature rise in an electrical apparatus which includes a cooling gas stream and a monitor for detecting particles in said gas stream and for emitting a signal when said particles are detected comprising: (A) preparing at least one composition according to claim 1; (B) applying at least one of said compositions to said electrical apparatus at positions exposed to said gas stream; (C) monitoring said gas stream to detect the presence of particulates therein; and (D) measuring the time between successive detections of particulates in said gas stream.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method according to claim 15 including the additional last step of inspecting said apparatus visually for blistered and darkened areas, after a signal has been emitted, to locate the area of overheating.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method according to claim 15 including the additional last steps of collecting a sample of said gas stream after a signal has been emitted, and analyzing said sample.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method according to claim 15 including the additional last step of measuring the interval of time between signals emitted from said monitor.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
95 words
A method of determining the rate of temperature rise in an electrical apparatus which includes a cooling gas stream and a monitor for detecting particles in said gas stream and for emitting a signal when said particles are detected comprising: (A) preparing at least one composition according to claim 11; (B) applying at least one of said compositions to said electrical apparatus at positions exposed to said gas stream; (C) monitoring said gas stream to detect the presence of particulates therein; and (D) measuring the time between successive detections of particulates in said gas stream.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
17 words
A coating according to claim 13 wherein said compounds thermoparticulate at temperatures at least 25° C. apart.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-12-24 | 1983-06-25 | 1983-12-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-12-24 | 1987-06-25 | 1987-12-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-12-24 | 1991-06-25 | 1991-12-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |