US4176060A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for soluble cyanide removal from wastewater streams
Assignee: Novartis Corp
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Filing: 1978-01-03
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Granted: 1979-11-27
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Expires: 1998-01-03
Abstract
Abstract A process for destroying the soluble cyanide complex content of industrial wastewater streams which comprises acidification of the stream and chlorination at temperatures of at least 80 DEG C., the soluble cyanide complexes breaking down to free CN- which subsequently hydrolyzes to ammonium chloride and carbon dioxide.
Inventors
- 👤 Yel S. Sury
- 👤 Melvin J. Guillory, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 11:42
CPC Classifications
C; C02; C02F; C02F1/00; C02F1/72; C02F1/76; C02F2101/00; C02F2101/10; C02F2101/16; C02F2101/18; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S210/00; Y10S210/902; Y10S210/903; Y10S210/904
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
69 words
A method for removing soluble iron cyanide complexes present in an aqueous stream which comprises contacting said aqueous stream containing measurable amounts of cyanide with a concentration of hydrochloric acid sufficient to lower the pH of the system to a level of 3 or below, heating the acidic system to a temperature of at least about 80° C. and contacting the heated acidic system with a source of chlorine.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
69 words
A method for removing soluble iron cyanide complexes present in an aqueous stream which comprises contacting said aqueous stream containing measurable amounts of cyanide with a concentration of hydrochloric acid sufficient to lower the pH of the system to a level of 3 or below, heating the acidic system to a temperature of at least about 80° C. and contacting the heated acidic system with a source of chlorine.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said temperature is at least about 95° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said chlorine source is present in a stoichiometric excess concentration of at least about 100%.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 3, wherein said source of chlorine is gaseous chlorine.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 3, wherein said source of chlorine is a chlorine-producing compound.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 4 which is conducted on a counter-current basis in a packed column, said heated acidic system being introduced into the top of the column and said gaseous chlorine being introduced into the bottom of the column.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said aqueous stream is an industrial waste stream.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
130 words
A method for removing soluble and insoluble iron cyanide complexes present in an aqueous stream which comprises (1) physically removing insoluble iron cyanide complexes from said aqueous stream; (2) contacting said aqueous stream with a concentration of hydrochloric acid sufficient to lower the pH of the system to a level of 3 or below, heating the acidic system to a temperature of at least about 80° C. and contacting the heated acidic system with a source of chlorine; and (3) reacting the cyanogen chloride and ammonium chloride generated in step (2) with a source of chlorine at a pH level of the system of at least about 9.5 and thereafter reacting the resulting system with a source of chlorine at a pH level of the system of from about 6-9.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
130 words
A method for removing soluble and insoluble iron cyanide complexes present in an aqueous stream which comprises (1) physically removing insoluble iron cyanide complexes from said aqueous stream; (2) contacting said aqueous stream with a concentration of hydrochloric acid sufficient to lower the pH of the system to a level of 3 or below, heating the acidic system to a temperature of at least about 80° C. and contacting the heated acidic system with a source of chlorine; and (3) reacting the cyanogen chloride and ammonium chloride generated in step (2) with a source of chlorine at a pH level of the system of at least about 9.5 and thereafter reacting the resulting system with a source of chlorine at a pH level of the system of from about 6-9.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 8, wherein said chlorine source in steps (2) and (3) is gaseous chlorine.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method of claim 9, wherein step (2) is conducted on a countercurrent basis in a packed column, said heated acidic system being introduced into the top of the column and said gaseous chlorine being introduced into the bottom of the column.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 8, wherein said aqueous stream is an industrial waste stream.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-11-26 | 1983-05-28 | 1983-11-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-11-26 | 1987-05-28 | 1987-11-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-11-26 | 1991-05-28 | 1991-11-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |