US4168346A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Asbestos treatment with metal tungstates
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
•
Filing: 1977-01-03
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Granted: 1979-09-18
•
Expires: 1997-01-03
Abstract
Abstract A method of treating asbestos comprising depositing on at least a portion of the asbestos a material consisting essentially of at least one metal tungstate.
Inventors
- 👤 Paul A. Pezzoli
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 11:00
CPC Classifications
C; C03; C03C; C03C25/00; C03C25/10; C03C25/42; C04; C04B; C04B20/00; C04B20/10; C04B20/1055; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2904; Y10T428/2907; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2991; Y10T428/2993; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31652
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 46
Claim 1
Independent Claim
31 words
A method of treating asbestos to reduce its hemolytic activity comprising depositing on at least a portion of the asbestos a material consisting essentially of at least one hemolysis-reducing metal tungstate.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
31 words
A method of treating asbestos to reduce its hemolytic activity comprising depositing on at least a portion of the asbestos a material consisting essentially of at least one hemolysis-reducing metal tungstate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, first series transition metals, second series transition metals, group II B metals, group III metals, and group IV metals.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the alkali metal is sodium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the alkaline earth metal is selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, and barium.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the first series transition metal is selected from the group consisting of titanium (III), titanium (IV), chromium, manganese, iron (II), iron (III), cobalt, and nickel.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the second series transition metal is selected from the group consisting of zirconium and silver.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the group III metal is aluminum.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the group IV metal is selected from the group consisting of tin (II), tin (IV), and lead.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the group II B metal is selected from the group consisting of zinc and cadmium.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the metal is tin (IV).
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
78 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the depositing step comprises: (a) contacting the asbestos with a solution of an ionizable salt of at least one first metal to deposit at least a portion of the ionizable salt on the asbestos; (b) contacting the asbestos with a solution of a tungstate salt of at least one second metal to form a tungstate of at least one first metal on at least a portion of the surface of the asbestos.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the second metal is an alkali metal.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 12 wherein the alkali metal is selected from the group consisting of sodium and potassium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the first metal is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, first series transition metals, second series transition metals, group II B metals, group III metals, and group IV metals.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the solution of the ionizable salt has a salt concentration of from about 1 percent by weight to about a concentration corresponding to a saturated solution of the salt.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the solution of the ionizable salt has a salt concentration of from about 5 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight of the salt.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the ionizable salt includes at least one member selected from the group consisting of a chloride, a sulfate, and a nitrate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 17 wherein the ionizable salt is a chloride.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the solution of the tungstate salt has a concentration of from about 1 percent by weight to about the concentration corresponding to a saturated solution of the tungstate of the second metal.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the solution of the tungstate salt has a concentration of from about 1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight of the tungstate of the second metal.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the solution of the ionizable salt is an aqueous solution.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the solution of the tungstate salt is an aqueous solution.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the depositing step comprises spraying at least a portion of the asbestos with at least one metal tungstate suspended in a liquid medium.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 23 wherein the medium is water.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
57 words
A fibrous asbestos material consisting essentially of asbestos fibers having deposited thereon a sufficient amount of at least one metal tungstate selected from the group consisting of nickel tungstate, tin(II) tungstate, tin(IV) tungstate, aluminum tungstate, cobalt tungstate, iron(II) tungstate and titanium(IV) tungstate to reduce the hemolytic activity of the asbestos to at least about 7 percent hemolysis.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
57 words
A fibrous asbestos material consisting essentially of asbestos fibers having deposited thereon a sufficient amount of at least one metal tungstate selected from the group consisting of nickel tungstate, tin(II) tungstate, tin(IV) tungstate, aluminum tungstate, cobalt tungstate, iron(II) tungstate and titanium(IV) tungstate to reduce the hemolytic activity of the asbestos to at least about 7 percent hemolysis.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
132 words
A method for treating asbestos comprising: (a) slurrying the asbestos with a sufficient amount of an aqueous solution of an ionizable salt of at least one first metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, first series transition metals, second series transition metals, group II B metals, group III metals, and group IV metals to deposit at least a portion of the ionizable salt of at least one first metal on at least a portion of the asbestos; (b) slurrying the asbestos from step (a) with an aqueous solution of a tungstate salt of at least one alkali metal to form a tungstate salt of at least one first metal on at least that portion of the asbestos wherein the ionizable salt of the first metal was deposited.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
132 words
A method for treating asbestos comprising: (a) slurrying the asbestos with a sufficient amount of an aqueous solution of an ionizable salt of at least one first metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, first series transition metals, second series transition metals, group II B metals, group III metals, and group IV metals to deposit at least a portion of the ionizable salt of at least one first metal on at least a portion of the asbestos; (b) slurrying the asbestos from step (a) with an aqueous solution of a tungstate salt of at least one alkali metal to form a tungstate salt of at least one first metal on at least that portion of the asbestos wherein the ionizable salt of the first metal was deposited.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of claim 26 including agitating the asbestos and the aqueous solution of the ionizable salt of the first metal for a sufficient time to allow the ionizable salt to contact at least a portion of the asbestos.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
18 words
A fibrous asbestos material consisting essentially of asbestos fibers having deposited thereon at least one hemolysis-reducing metal tungstate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
18 words
A fibrous asbestos material consisting essentially of asbestos fibers having deposited thereon at least one hemolysis-reducing metal tungstate.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
39 words
The material of claim 28 wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, first series transition metals, second series transition metals, group II B metals, group III metals, and group IV metals.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
11 words
The material of claim 29 wherein the alkali metal is sodium.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
21 words
The material of claim 29 wherein the alkaline earth metal is selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, and barium.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
31 words
The material of claim 29 wherein the first period transition metal is selected from the group consisting of titanium (III), titanium (IV), chromium, manganese, iron (II), iron (III), cobalt, and nickel.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
21 words
The material of claim 29 wherein the second period transition metal is selected from the group consisting of zirconium and silver.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
12 words
The material of claim 29 wherein the group III metal is aluminum.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
23 words
The material of claim 29 wherein the group IV metal is selected from the group consisting of tin (II), tin (IV), and lead.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
21 words
The material of claim 29 wherein the group II B metal is selected from the group consisting of zinc and cadmium.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
11 words
The material of claim 28 wherein the metal is tin (IV).
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
31 words
The material of claim 28 wherein the metal tungstate is present in an amount of from about 0.05 to about 5.0 percent by weight, based on the weight of the asbestos.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the deposited step comprises contacting the asbestos with a solution of a tungstate salt of at least one second metal to deposit at least a portion of the tungstate salt on the asbestos.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method of claim 39 including the step of subsequently contacting the asbestos with a solution of an ionizable salt of at least one first metal to form a tungstate of at least one first metal on at least a portion of the surface of the asbestos.
Claim 45
Independent Claim
72 words
A method of treating asbestos to reduce its hemolytic activity comprising depositing on at least a portion of the asbestos an effective amount of a material to reduce the hemolytic activity of the asbestos to at least about 7 percent hemolysis, said material consisting essentially of at least one metal tungstate selected from the group consisting of nickel tungstate, tin(II) tungstate, tin(IV) tungstate, aluminum tungstate, cobalt tungstate, iron(II) tungstate, and titanium(IV) tungstate.
Claim 46
Independent Claim
72 words
A method of treating asbestos to reduce its hemolytic activity comprising depositing on at least a portion of the asbestos an effective amount of a material to reduce the hemolytic activity of the asbestos to at least about 7 percent hemolysis, said material consisting essentially of at least one metal tungstate selected from the group consisting of nickel tungstate, tin(II) tungstate, tin(IV) tungstate, aluminum tungstate, cobalt tungstate, iron(II) tungstate, and titanium(IV) tungstate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-09-17 | 1983-03-19 | 1983-09-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-09-17 | 1987-03-19 | 1987-09-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-09-17 | 1991-03-19 | 1991-09-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |