US4168241A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Lubricant and method for non-chip metal forming
Assignee: Aichi Steel Corp
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Filing: 1978-03-14
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Granted: 1979-09-18
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Expires: 1998-03-14
Abstract
Abstract A lubricant for non-chip metal forming comprising (1) 5% by weight or more of at least one powdered sulfate selected from the group consisting of calcium sulfate and barium sulfate having a mean particle size of 100 μ or less and (2) at least one conventional lubricant selected from the group consisting of inorganic solid lubricants, organic solid lubricants and organic liquid lubricants. This lubricant is excellent in galling resistance (anti-weld property) as well as in other properties required for a lubricant for non-chip metal forming. In the non-chip metal forming using this lubricant, it is sufficient to subject the raw material to a simple pretreatment such as pickling or shot blasting to accomplish the desired non-chip metal forming.
Inventors
- 👤 Takashi Kozima
- 👤 Shigehiro Ogisu
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 01:39
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10M; C10M103/00; C10M111/00; C10M2201/00; C10M2201/04; C10M2201/041; C10M2201/042; C10M2201/06; C10M2201/061; C10M2201/065; C10M2201/066; C10M2201/08; C10M2201/081; C10M2201/082; C10M2201/084; C10M2201/16; C10M2201/18; C10M2205/00; C10M2205/02; C10M2205/18; C10M2207/00; C10M2207/10; C10M2207/12; C10M2207/125; C10M2207/129; C10M2207/40; C10M2207/402; C10M2207/404; C10N; C10N2010/00; C10N2010/02; C10N2010/04; C10N2010/06; C10N2010/08; C10N2040/00; C10N2040/20; C10N2040/24; C10N2040/241; C10N2040/242; C10N2040/243; C10N2040/244; C10N2040/245; C10N2040/246; C10N2040/247
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 45
Claim 1
Independent Claim
66 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming consisting of (1) 5% by weight or more of at least one powdered sulfate selected from the group consisting of calcium sulfate and barium sulfate having a mean particle size of 100μ or less and (2) at least one conventional lubricant selected from the group consisting of graphite, graphite fluoride, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, and organic solid lubricants.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
66 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming consisting of (1) 5% by weight or more of at least one powdered sulfate selected from the group consisting of calcium sulfate and barium sulfate having a mean particle size of 100μ or less and (2) at least one conventional lubricant selected from the group consisting of graphite, graphite fluoride, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, and organic solid lubricants.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the organic solid lubricants are selected from the group consisting of fatty acids, waxes and metallic salts of fatty acids.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
48 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 2, wherein the fatty acids, are lauric acid, tridecylic acid, myristic acid, pentadecylic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecylic acid, stearic acid, nonadecanoic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, heptacosanoic acid, montanic acid, melissic acid, or lacceroic acid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
50 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 2, wherein the waxes are carnauba wax, candelilla wax, cotton wax, palm wax, sugar cane wax, flax wax, tree wax, bees wax, spermaceti wax, wool wax, insect wax, paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, petrolatum, polyolefin wax, chloronaphthalene wax, montan wax, or ozokerite.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
65 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 2, wherein the metallic salts of fatty acids are the lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, zinc, aluminum or lead salts of lauric acid, tridecylic acid, myristic acid, pentadecylic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecylic acid, stearic acid, nonadecanoic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, heptacosanoic acid, montanic acid, melissic acid, or lacceroic acid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the graphite is colloidal graphite.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
50 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the conventional lubricant (2) is at least one inorganic solid lubricant selected from the group consisting of graphite, graphite fluoride, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, and tungsten disulfide, and the amount of said lubricant is 5 to 95% by weight.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
32 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the conventional lubricant (2) is a metallic salt of a fatty acid, and its amount is 3 to 95% by weight.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
46 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the sulfate is 5 to 80% by weight and the conventional lubricant (2) is a fatty acid, a wax or a mixture thereof, and its amount is 20 to 95% by weight.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
78 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the sulfate (1) is 5 to 80% by weight and the conventional lubricant (2) consists of 17 to 92% by weight of a fatty acid or a wax or a mixture thereof and 3 to 70% by weight of a metallic salt of a fatty acid, all the percentages being based on the total weight of the sulfate (1) and the conventional lubricant (2).
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to any one of claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 8,9, or 10, wherein the amount of the sulfate is at least 10% by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is calcium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is graphite.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is calcium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is molybdenum disulfide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is barium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is graphite.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is barium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is molybdenum disulfide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is calcium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is colloidal graphite.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
25 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is barium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is colloidal graphite.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
25 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is calcium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is calcium stearate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is calcium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is zinc stearate.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
25 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is barium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is calcium stearate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
25 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is barium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is zinc stearate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
25 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is calcium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is stearic acid.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
24 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is calcium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is paraffin.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
25 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is barium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is stearic acid.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
24 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is barium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) is paraffin.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
29 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is calcium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) consists of stearic acid and calcium stearate.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
29 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is calcium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) consists of stearic acid and zinc stearate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
28 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is calcium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) consists of paraffin and calcium stearate.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
28 words
A lubricant for non-chip metal forming according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate (1) is calcium sulfate and the conventional lubricant (2) consists of paraffin and zinc stearate.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
103 words
A method for non-chip metal forming which comprises subjecting a slug to a pretreatment which is pickling, shot blasting, shot peening or sand blasting, coating the pretreated slug with a lubricant for non-chip metal forming comprising (1) 5% by weight or more of at least one sulfate selected from the group consisting of calcium sulfate and barium sulfate having a mean particle size of 100μ or less and (2) at least one conventional lubricant selected from the group consisting of graphite, graphite fluoride, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten, disulfide, and organic solid lubricants, and then subjecting the coated slug to non-chip metal forming.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
103 words
A method for non-chip metal forming which comprises subjecting a slug to a pretreatment which is pickling, shot blasting, shot peening or sand blasting, coating the pretreated slug with a lubricant for non-chip metal forming comprising (1) 5% by weight or more of at least one sulfate selected from the group consisting of calcium sulfate and barium sulfate having a mean particle size of 100μ or less and (2) at least one conventional lubricant selected from the group consisting of graphite, graphite fluoride, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten, disulfide, and organic solid lubricants, and then subjecting the coated slug to non-chip metal forming.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 30, wherein the pretreatment is pickling.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 30, wherein the pretreatment is shot blasting.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 30, wherein the non-chip metal forming is cold forging.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 30, wherein the non-chip metal forming is warm forging.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 30, wherein the non-chip metal forming is drawing.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 30, wherein the non-chip metal forming is cold rolling.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 30, wherein the conventional lubricant (2) is graphite, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, graphite fluoride, boron nitride, or a mixture thereof.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 37, wherein the non-chip metal forming is cold forging.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 37, wherein the non-chip metal forming is warm forging.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 37, wherein the non-chip metal forming is drawing.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 30, wherein the organic solid lubricant is a metallic salt of a fatty acid.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 41, wherein the non-chip metal forming is cold forging.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method for non-chip metal forming according to claim 41, wherein the non-chip metal forming is drawing.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-09-17 | 1983-03-19 | 1983-09-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-09-17 | 1987-03-19 | 1987-09-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-09-17 | 1991-03-19 | 1991-09-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |