US4166753A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Binding of refractory materials
Assignee: Zirconal Processes Ltd
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Filing: 1977-12-05
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Granted: 1979-09-04
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Expires: 1997-12-05
Abstract
Abstract The invention provides a method of producing a usefully gellable cohydrolysate from a normally gellable substance and a substance not normally gellable. The latter substance has an alkoxy group implanted on it and preferably is a hydrous oxide which offers appropriate bridge groups for this implant.
Inventors
- 👤 Harold G. Emblem
- 👤 Anup K. Das
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 06:58
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B28/00; C04B28/24; C04B33/00; C04B33/02; C04B33/13; C04B33/18
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
74 words
A method of producing a gellable hydrolysate, such method including the etherification step of implanting alkoxy groups onto the surface of a first substance comprising a finely divided hydrous inorganic oxide that is not inherently capable of being hydrolysed, said first substance having at least one group selected from hydroxyl, oxide or oxo bridge groups available to participate in said implant, and jointly hydrolysing the said first substance with a second inherently hydrolysable substance.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
74 words
A method of producing a gellable hydrolysate, such method including the etherification step of implanting alkoxy groups onto the surface of a first substance comprising a finely divided hydrous inorganic oxide that is not inherently capable of being hydrolysed, said first substance having at least one group selected from hydroxyl, oxide or oxo bridge groups available to participate in said implant, and jointly hydrolysing the said first substance with a second inherently hydrolysable substance.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reaction to implant the alkoxy groups is induced by heat.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reaction to implant the alkoxy groups is induced by physical work.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said second substance is an organic silicate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method as claimed in claim 4 wherein the oxide is silica.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method as claimed in claim 4 wherein the oxide is alumina.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method as claimed in claim 4 wherein the oxide is zirconia.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method as claimed in claim 4 wherein the hydrous oxide is a gel.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the etherification is carried out by reaction of the hydrous oxide with a water soluble or water miscible alcohol.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method as claimed in claim 9 wherein the reaction system also contains an organic solvent.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method as claimed in claim 4 wherein up to 75% of the SiO 2 in the hydrolysate is provided by a silica gel constituting the hydrous metal oxide.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as claimed in claim 11 wherein 50% of the SiO 2 in the hydrolysate is provided by the silica gel.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as claimed in claim 4 wherein the mean particle size in the finely divided oxide is less than 1 μ.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method as claimed in claim 13 wherein the mean particle size is less than 0.7 μ.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method as claimed in claim 13 wherein the starting material for the finely divided metal oxide initially has a mean particle size larger than 1 micron, the mean particle size being reduced to less than 1 micron.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the mean particle size is reduced by chemical attack with a strong mineral acid.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the reduction in mean particle size is caused by the shearing action of mechanical agitators.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the reduction in mean particle size is caused by wetting in the presence of an organic solvent and a surfactant under the influence of heat.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the reduction in mean particle size is carried out by a combination of mechanical agitation and the action of a surface active agent.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reaction to implant the alkoxy groups is induced by heat.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reaction to implant the alkoxy groups is induced by physical work.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the alkoxy implanting and the joint hydrolysis are performed as separate sequential steps.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as claimed in claim 4 wherein the alkoxy implanting and the joint hydrolysis are performed in the same reaction system in the presence of a surfactant.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-09-03 | 1983-03-05 | 1983-09-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-09-03 | 1987-03-05 | 1987-09-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-09-03 | 1991-03-05 | 1991-09-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |