US4158634A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Particles of thermoplastic polymer, and process of making the same
Assignee: Apeco Corp
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Filing: 1977-09-23
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Granted: 1979-06-19
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Expires: 1997-09-23
Abstract
Abstract Finely comminuted particles of a normally solid thermoplastic organic polymer, which is particularly useful as a toner base for electrostatic reproduction utilizing pressure fusing on the toner, is prepared by dissolving a polymer in a normally solid first solvent, cooling the resulting solution to form a friable solid, and removing the first solvent from the solid, preferably by extraction with a normally liquid, relatively volatile, second solvent in which the polymer is substantially insoluble. When using the process to make magnetic mono-component toners, powered magnetic material and/or carbon black or other pigment are added to the solution of polymer and first solvent.
Inventors
- 👤 Luigi Amariti
- 👤 John S. Juskey
- 👤 Shapoor Azari
- 👤 Thomas J. Kucera
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 03:24
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J3/00; C08J3/12; C08J3/14; C08J3/20; C08J3/205; C08J3/21; C08J3/212; G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/0802
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
120 words
A process for preparing finely comminuted particles of a normally solid organic thermoplastic polymer, which comprises: dissolving said polymer in a normally solid first solvent in a sufficient excess above a weight ration of 1:1 of said solvent to polymer to maintain said polymer and said solvent as a macroscopically homogenous, friable, solid composed predominantly of said solvent when the resulting mass is cooled, said dissolution being at an elevated temperature above the melting point of said solvent, cooling said mass below the solidification temperature of said mass to form said macroscopically homogenous, friable solid mass and comminuting said solid mass, removing said first solvent from said mass, and recovering the normally solid organic thermoplastic polymer in finely comminuted form.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
120 words
A process for preparing finely comminuted particles of a normally solid organic thermoplastic polymer, which comprises: dissolving said polymer in a normally solid first solvent in a sufficient excess above a weight ration of 1:1 of said solvent to polymer to maintain said polymer and said solvent as a macroscopically homogenous, friable, solid composed predominantly of said solvent when the resulting mass is cooled, said dissolution being at an elevated temperature above the melting point of said solvent, cooling said mass below the solidification temperature of said mass to form said macroscopically homogenous, friable solid mass and comminuting said solid mass, removing said first solvent from said mass, and recovering the normally solid organic thermoplastic polymer in finely comminuted form.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
Process of claim 1 including the step of introducing an insoluble pigment into said mass prior to said cooling to thereby disperse the same in said mass.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
Process of claim 2 wherein said insoluble pigment is carbon black.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
Process of claim 1 in which said organic thermoplastic polymer is a polyamide resin.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
Process of claim 1 wherein said organic thermoplastic polymer is polyethylene.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
Process of claim 1 wherein said organic thermoplastic polymer is an acrylic ester.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
Process of claim 1 wherein said first solvent is a tertiary butyl phenol.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
Process of claim 7 wherein said tertiary butyl phenol is 2,6-di-tert-butyl 4-methylphenol.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
37 words
Process of claim 1 wherein said first solvent is removed from said mass by extraction with a normally liquid, relatively volatile, second solvent for said first solvent, in which said polymer is substantially insoluble at extraction temperature.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
Process of claim 9 wherein said second solvent is an aliphatic hydrocarbon.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
Process of claim 9 including the step of introducing carbon black into said mass subsequent to said dissolving and prior to said extracting.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
141 words
A process for preparing finely comminuted particles of a normally solid organic thermoplastic polymer, which comprises: dissolving said polymer in a normally solid first solvent in a sufficient excess above a weight ratio of 1:1 of said solvent to polymer to maintain said polymer and said solvent as a macroscopically homogenous, friable, solid composed predominantly of said solvent when the resulting mass is cooled for subsequent extraction, said dissolution being at an elevated temperature above the melting point of said solvent, cooling said mass below the solidification temperature of said mass to form said macroscopically homogenous friable solid mass and comminuting said solid mass, extracting said first solvent from said mass with a normally liquid, relatively volatile, second solvent for said first solvent, in which said polymer is substantially insoluble at extraction temperature, and recovering the polymer in finely comminuted form.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
141 words
A process for preparing finely comminuted particles of a normally solid organic thermoplastic polymer, which comprises: dissolving said polymer in a normally solid first solvent in a sufficient excess above a weight ratio of 1:1 of said solvent to polymer to maintain said polymer and said solvent as a macroscopically homogenous, friable, solid composed predominantly of said solvent when the resulting mass is cooled for subsequent extraction, said dissolution being at an elevated temperature above the melting point of said solvent, cooling said mass below the solidification temperature of said mass to form said macroscopically homogenous friable solid mass and comminuting said solid mass, extracting said first solvent from said mass with a normally liquid, relatively volatile, second solvent for said first solvent, in which said polymer is substantially insoluble at extraction temperature, and recovering the polymer in finely comminuted form.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
Process of claim 12 wherein said first solvent is a tertiary butyl phenol.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
Process of claim 12 wherein said second solvent is an aliphatic hydrocarbon.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-06-18 | 1982-12-18 | 1983-06-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-06-18 | 1986-12-18 | 1987-06-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-06-18 | 1990-12-18 | 1991-06-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |