Patent US3934872A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4156747A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for flame retarding cellulosics
Assignee: Occidental Chemical Corp
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Filing: 1977-11-18
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Granted: 1979-05-29
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Expires: 1997-11-18
Abstract
Abstract An improved process for imparting durable flame retardancy to textile materials wherein said material is impregnated with a solution having a poly(hydroxyorgano) phosphonium cation content of from about 10 to about 60 percent by weight and having a pH of from about 2 to about 9, dried to a moisture content of from about 0 to about 8 percent, aerated by passing air through the dried material, cured by polymerizing the monomer on and in the cellulose material with exposure in an enclosed chamber to an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia and thereafter contacting with water, the improvement comprising, impregnating said textile materials with a nitrogen containing material, contiguous with impregnation with the poly(hydroxyorgano) phosphonium cation containing solution, and, after contacting said material with said water, further exposing said material to an atmosphere containing gaseous ammonia.
Inventors
- 👤 George M. Wagner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 15:50
CPC Classifications
D; D06; D06M; D06M15/00; D06M15/19; D06M15/37; D06M15/667; D06M13/00; D06M13/244; D06M13/282; D06M13/322; D06M13/46; D06M15/673; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/92; Y10S428/921
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
175 words
A process for rendering cellulosic-containing materials durably flame retardant comprising: a. impregnating a textile material with a poly (hydroxyorgano) phosphonium cation containing solution, having a pH of from about 2 to about 9, containing from about 10 to about 40 percent by weight of poly(hydroxyorgano) phosphonium cation, and contiguously therewith impregnating said textile material with a nitrogen containing compound selected from amino function containing organic materials, amido function containing organic materials, and mixtures thereof b. drying the impregnated material, preferably under relatively mild conditions, to a moisture content of from about 0 to about 8 percent by weight; c. aerating the dried material by directing a current of air through the dried material; d. exposing the aerated material in an enclosed chamber for a period of at least about 5 seconds but less than about 60 seconds to an atmosphere containing at least about 50 percent by volume of gaseous ammonia to cure the phosphorus containing resin in and on the material; e. contacting the material with water to render the material durably flame retardant.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
175 words
A process for rendering cellulosic-containing materials durably flame retardant comprising: a. impregnating a textile material with a poly (hydroxyorgano) phosphonium cation containing solution, having a pH of from about 2 to about 9, containing from about 10 to about 40 percent by weight of poly(hydroxyorgano) phosphonium cation, and contiguously therewith impregnating said textile material with a nitrogen containing compound selected from amino function containing organic materials, amido function containing organic materials, and mixtures thereof b. drying the impregnated material, preferably under relatively mild conditions, to a moisture content of from about 0 to about 8 percent by weight; c. aerating the dried material by directing a current of air through the dried material; d. exposing the aerated material in an enclosed chamber for a period of at least about 5 seconds but less than about 60 seconds to an atmosphere containing at least about 50 percent by volume of gaseous ammonia to cure the phosphorus containing resin in and on the material; e. contacting the material with water to render the material durably flame retardant.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
40 words
The process of claim 1 wherein at least one of said nitrogen containing compounds is selected from the group consisting of ureas, melamines, guanidines, substituted ureas, and the reaction product of amino and amido function containing organic materials with aldehydes.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 2 wherein said nitrogen containing compound is urea.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein a basic catalyst agent is present in the impregnating solution.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said cation containing solution has a pH of from about 4.0 to about 8.1.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said water treatment step (e) occurs within the enclosed chamber of step (d).
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said water contacted material is further exposed to an ammonia atmosphere containing at least about 50 percent by volume of gaseous ammonia for from about 1 to about 10 seconds within the enclosed chamber of step (d).
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 7 wherein water treatment step (e) and the additional ammonia atmosphere exposure step occur within the enclosed chamber of step (d).
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 7 wherein water treatment step (e) and the additional ammonia atmosphere exposure step occur within a separate enclosed chamber from that of step (d).
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1 wherein water is sprayed on the material in water treatment step (d).
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the material is passed through a trough of water in water treatment step (d).
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the material is squeezed after passing through said trough.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the material is water treated by means of a kiss roll in water treatment step (d).
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 13 wherein water pick-up is regulated by a doctor blade.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said cellulosic material is selected from the group consisting of cotton, rayon, paper, jute, ramie, wood, and mixtures and blends thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 15 wherein said cellulosic material is blended with proteinaceous fibers, synthetic fibers and mixtures thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said proteinaceous fiber is selected from the group consisting of wool, mohair, alpaca and mixtures thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said synthetic fiber is selected from the group consisting of polyester, nylon, acrylics, acetate and mixtures thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said poly(hydroxyorgano) phosphonium cation is prepared by reacting an aqueous solution of poly(hydroxyorgano) phosphonium salt with up to an equivalent quantity of a base.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 19 wherein said poly(hydroxyorgano) phosphonium salt is selected from the group consisting of halides, sulfates, acetates, phosphates, carboxylates, oxalates, lactates, formates, sulfonates and mixtures thereof.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 20 wherein said salt is tetrakis(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 4 wherein said basic catalyst agent is in the textile treating solution in an amount within the range of about 0.5 to about 20% by weight.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said basic catalyst agent is selected from carbonates, bicarbonates, acetates, phosphates and metasilicate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 23 wherein said agent is sodium hypophosphate.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 2 wherein said amino function containing organic materials are melamines.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-05-28 | 1982-11-27 | 1983-05-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-05-28 | 1986-11-27 | 1987-05-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-05-28 | 1990-11-27 | 1991-05-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |