US4152404A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Synthetic imogolite
Assignee: National Research Development Corp UK
•
Filing: 1978-03-22
•
Granted: 1979-05-01
•
Expires: 1998-03-22
Abstract
Abstract An inorganic material related to imogolite, a rare constituent of soil, which forms gels with under 1% solids concentration, is synthesized by digesting (at pH 3.1 to 5.0) soluble hydroxyaluminium complexes freshly formed at pH 3.2 to 5.5 in aqueous solution with restricted aluminium concentration.
Inventors
- 👤 Victor C. Farmer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 07:19
CPC Classifications
C; C01; C01B; C01B33/00; C01B33/20; C01B33/36; C01B33/38; C01B33/42; B; B01; B01D; B01D53/00; B01D53/02; B01J; B01J20/00; B01J20/02; B01J20/10; C01B33/26; C01B33/40; C01B33/46
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
136 words
A method of synthesizing an inorganic material resembling imogolite which is a fibrous product displaying discernible electron diffraction peaks at 1.4 A, 2.1 A and 4.2 A, comprising: forming a soluble hydroxyaluminum silicate complex by reacting soluble silica or a soluble silicate compound with an aluminum compound capable of reacting with silica to form a soluble hydroxyaluminum silicate complex in an aqueous solution at a pH of 3.2 to 5.5, the concentration of aluminum from said aluminum compound other than already formed imogolite or stable hydroxyaluminum silicate complex ranging up to 50 mmol/per liter and the Si:Al atomic ratio of the silica and aluminum compound reactants ranging from 0.33 to 0.8; and digesting said aqueous solution of hydroxyaluminum silicate at a pH of from 3.1 to 5.0 thereby forming a colloidal dispersion of said inorganic material.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
136 words
A method of synthesizing an inorganic material resembling imogolite which is a fibrous product displaying discernible electron diffraction peaks at 1.4 A, 2.1 A and 4.2 A, comprising: forming a soluble hydroxyaluminum silicate complex by reacting soluble silica or a soluble silicate compound with an aluminum compound capable of reacting with silica to form a soluble hydroxyaluminum silicate complex in an aqueous solution at a pH of 3.2 to 5.5, the concentration of aluminum from said aluminum compound other than already formed imogolite or stable hydroxyaluminum silicate complex ranging up to 50 mmol/per liter and the Si:Al atomic ratio of the silica and aluminum compound reactants ranging from 0.33 to 0.8; and digesting said aqueous solution of hydroxyaluminum silicate at a pH of from 3.1 to 5.0 thereby forming a colloidal dispersion of said inorganic material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the digestion is performed at 40° to 170° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 2, wherein the digestion is performed at 90° C. to 130° C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the digestion is performed at 95° C. to 100° C.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the digestion is in the presence of sufficient dissolved silica to inhibit boehmite formation.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the hydroxyaluminium silicate complexes are hydroxyaluminium orthosilicate complexes.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein said concentration of Al is up to 25 millimoles per liter.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 7, wherein the said concentration of Al is up to 15 millimoles per liter.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein precipitated material which forms during or following formation of the hydroxyaluminum silicate complexes is quickly redissolved or redispersed in acid.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method according to claim 9, wherein any precipitation accompanying or following formation of the hydroxyaluminium silicate complexes is quickly redissolved or redispersed in a mixture of acetic with one of nitric and perchloric acids.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the pH of digestion is up to 4.6.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein chloride ion, if present, does not exceed a concentration of 25 millimolar.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the digestion is performed in the presence of acetic acid.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method according to claim 13, wherein the molar concentration of the acetic acid is around half that of the available aluminium, and wherein there is also present sufficient perchloric acid to inhibit formation of acetate anion.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the digestion is allowed to continue for from 1 to 60 days.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 1, further comprising forming an aqueous gel having an imogolite concentration of under 1% by weight.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
45 words
A method according to claim 1, which further comprises: adding an aqueous solution containing soluble hydroxyaluminum silicate complex to said reaction mixture with the proviso that the amount of aqueous solution added is constrained by the concentration of aluminum in solution specified in claim 1.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein said inorganic material is precipitated from solution by the addition of an alkali.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein said inorganic material is separated from solution by foam-floatation with an ionic detergent.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method according to claim 1, which further comprises: after isolating the inorganic materials synthetized in claim 1, forming a colloidal imogolite dispersion; casting said dispersion on a surface as a film; allowing the cast dispersion to dry; and removing said dried film as a coherent film.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
134 words
A method of synthetizing an inorganic material resembling imogolite which is a fibrous product displaying discernible electron defraction peaks at 1.4 A, 2.1 A and 4.2 A, comprising: forming a soluble hydroxyaluminum silicate complex by reacting silica as Si(OH) 4 monomer with an aluminum compound capable of reacting with silica to form a soluble hydroxyaluminum silicate complex in an aqueous solution at a pH of 3.2 to 5.5, the concentration of aluminum from said aluminum compound other than already formed imogolite or stable hydroxyaluminum silicate complex ranging up to 50 mmol/per liter and the silicon:aluminum atomic ratio of the silica and aluminum compound reactants ranging from 0.33 to 0.8; and digesting said aqueous solution of hydroxyaluminum silicate at a pH of from 3.1 to 5.0 thereby forming a colloidal dispersion of said inorganic material.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
134 words
A method of synthetizing an inorganic material resembling imogolite which is a fibrous product displaying discernible electron defraction peaks at 1.4 A, 2.1 A and 4.2 A, comprising: forming a soluble hydroxyaluminum silicate complex by reacting silica as Si(OH) 4 monomer with an aluminum compound capable of reacting with silica to form a soluble hydroxyaluminum silicate complex in an aqueous solution at a pH of 3.2 to 5.5, the concentration of aluminum from said aluminum compound other than already formed imogolite or stable hydroxyaluminum silicate complex ranging up to 50 mmol/per liter and the silicon:aluminum atomic ratio of the silica and aluminum compound reactants ranging from 0.33 to 0.8; and digesting said aqueous solution of hydroxyaluminum silicate at a pH of from 3.1 to 5.0 thereby forming a colloidal dispersion of said inorganic material.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-04-30 | 1982-10-30 | 1983-05-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-04-30 | 1986-10-30 | 1987-05-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-04-30 | 1990-10-30 | 1991-05-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |