US4152368A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Unsaturated polyester resins having improved fire retardance
Assignee: Occidental Chemical Corp
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Filing: 1976-06-03
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Granted: 1979-05-01
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Expires: 1996-06-03
Abstract
Abstract Unsaturated polyester resins having improved fire retardant properties comprise a halogen-containing unsaturated polyester of a polycarboxylic compound and a polyhydric alcohol together with an additive mixture comprising iron or a compound of iron and at least one member of the group consisting of copper, a compound of copper, antimony and a compound of antimony. The unsaturated polyester resin may be copolymerized with an unsaturated monomer to prepare castings, laminated products, reinforced articles and the like having low burning rates, low smoke generation, and beneficial char formation in the presence of a flame.
Inventors
- 👤 Edwin Dorfman
- 👤 Raymond R. Hindersinn
- 👤 Willis T. Schwartz, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 00:56
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08K; C08K3/00; C08K3/02; C08K3/08; C08K3/18; C08K3/20; C08K3/22; C08K3/24; C08K3/38; C08K5/00; C08K5/04; C08K5/09
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 54
Claim 1
Independent Claim
142 words
In a copolymerizable mixture of an unsaturated polyester composition and a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer capable of copolymerization to form a fire retardant polymer composition, said unsaturated polyester composition comprising a halogenated α, β-ethylenically unsaturated polyester of a polycarboxylic compound and a polyhydric alcohol, which contains halogen in a proportion of about 4 up to about 50 weight percent, the improvement wherein said mixture contains an effective fire retardant proportion of about 0.2 to about 15 weight percent of an additive mixture consisting essentially of at least 0.1 weight percent of iron or an iron compound in combination with at least 0.1 weight percent of at least one member of the group consisting of antimony, an antimony compound, copper, a copper compound, and mixtures thereof; said composition being substantially phosphorus-free and said proportions being based on the weight of the copolymerizable mixture.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
142 words
In a copolymerizable mixture of an unsaturated polyester composition and a copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer capable of copolymerization to form a fire retardant polymer composition, said unsaturated polyester composition comprising a halogenated α, β-ethylenically unsaturated polyester of a polycarboxylic compound and a polyhydric alcohol, which contains halogen in a proportion of about 4 up to about 50 weight percent, the improvement wherein said mixture contains an effective fire retardant proportion of about 0.2 to about 15 weight percent of an additive mixture consisting essentially of at least 0.1 weight percent of iron or an iron compound in combination with at least 0.1 weight percent of at least one member of the group consisting of antimony, an antimony compound, copper, a copper compound, and mixtures thereof; said composition being substantially phosphorus-free and said proportions being based on the weight of the copolymerizable mixture.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the halogen is present in the polycarboxylic compound of the unsaturated polyester.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
10 words
The composition of claim 2 wherein the halogen is chlorine.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein the polycarboxylic compound is chlorendic acid or chlorendic anhydride.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein the polycarboxylic compound is tetrachlorophthalic acid or tetrachlorophathalic anhydride.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
10 words
The composition of claim 2 wherein the halogen is bromine.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 6 wherein the polycarboxylic compound is tetrabromophthalic acid or tetrabromophthalic anhydride.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 2 wherein the polyhydric alcohol is a mixture of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 2 wherein the polyhydric alcohol is propylene glycol.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the unsaturated monomer is styrene.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the unsaturated monomer is vinyl toluene.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the additive mixture comprises a compound of iron and a compound of copper.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the additive mixture comprises a compound of iron and a compound of antimony.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the additive mixture comprises a compound of iron, a compound of copper and a compound of antimony.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 14 wherein the additive mixture comprises an oxide of iron, an oxide of copper and an oxide of antimony.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
66 words
The composition of claim 1 comprising about 0.5 to about 5 weight percent of the additive mixture wherein the components of said additive mixture are present in a ratio of from about 20 to 80 parts of an iron compound to from about 80 to 20 parts of at least one member of the group consisting of a compound of copper and a compound of antimony.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 16 wherein the additive mixture comprises an oxide of iron and an oxide of copper.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 16 wherein the additive mixture comprises an oxide of iron and an oxide of antimony.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
67 words
The composition of claim 15 comprising about 0.5 to about 5 weight percent of the additive mixture wherein the compounds of said additive mixture are present in a ratio of from about 30 to about 40 parts of an oxide of iron; from about 30 to about 40 parts of an oxide of copper; and from about 30 to about 40 parts of an oxide of antimony.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the iron or compound of iron is ferric oxide.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the iron or compound of iron is ferric sulfate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 12 wherein the compound of copper is cupric oxide.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 12 wherein the compound of copper is cupric sulfate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 13 wherein the compound of antimony is antimony oxide.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
127 words
In a fire retardant polymer composition, copolymerizable with an unsaturated monomer, said composition comprising a halogenated α, β-ethylenically unsaturated polyester of a polycarboxylic compound and a polyhydric alcohol, the polyester containing halogen in a proportion of about 4.4 up to about 56 weight percent, the improvement wherein the polyester contains an effective fire retardant proportion of between about 0.22 and about 150 weight percent of an additive mixture consisting essentially of at least 0.11 weight percent of iron or an iron compound in combination with at least 0.11 weight percent of at least one member of the group consisting of antimony, an antimony compound, copper, a copper compound and mixtures thereof; said composition being substantially phosphorus-free and said proportions being based on the weight of unsaturated polyester.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
127 words
In a fire retardant polymer composition, copolymerizable with an unsaturated monomer, said composition comprising a halogenated α, β-ethylenically unsaturated polyester of a polycarboxylic compound and a polyhydric alcohol, the polyester containing halogen in a proportion of about 4.4 up to about 56 weight percent, the improvement wherein the polyester contains an effective fire retardant proportion of between about 0.22 and about 150 weight percent of an additive mixture consisting essentially of at least 0.11 weight percent of iron or an iron compound in combination with at least 0.11 weight percent of at least one member of the group consisting of antimony, an antimony compound, copper, a copper compound and mixtures thereof; said composition being substantially phosphorus-free and said proportions being based on the weight of unsaturated polyester.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 25 wherein the halogen is present in the polycarboxylic compound.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
10 words
The composition of claim 26 wherein the halogen is chlorine.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 27 wherein the polycarboxylic compound is chlorendic acid or chlorendic anhydride.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 27 wherein the polycarboxylic compound is tetrachlorophthalic acid or tetrachlorophthalic anhydride.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
10 words
The composition of claim 26 wherein the halogen is bromine.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 30 wherein the polycarboxylic compound is tetrabromophthalic acid or tetrabromophthalic anhydride.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 25 wherein the additive mixture comprises a compound of iron and a compound of copper.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 25 wherein the additive mixture comprises a compound of iron and a compound of antimony.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 25 wherein the additive mixture comprises a compound of iron, a compound of copper and a compound of antimony.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 34 wherein the additive mixture comprises an oxide of iron, an oxide of copper and an oxide of antimony.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
44 words
The composition of claim 25 wherein the additive mixture comprises about 20 to 80 parts of an iron compound and about 80 to 20 parts of at least one member of the group consisting of a compound of copper and a compound of antimony.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 36 wherein the additive mixture comprises ferric oxide and cupric oxide.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 36 wherein the additive mixture comprises ferric oxide and antimony oxide.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
38 words
The composition of claim 36 wherein the additive mixture comprises about 30 to about 40 parts of ferric oxide; about 30 to about 40 parts of cupric oxide; and about 30 to about 40 parts of antimony oxide.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 25 wherein the iron or compound of iron is ferric oxide.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 25 wherein the iron or compound of iron is ferric sulfate.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 32 wherein the compound of copper is cupric oxide.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 32 wherein the compound of copper is cupric sulfate.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 33 wherein the compound of antimony is antimony oxide.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 1 when copolymerized to an infusible product.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
143 words
In a fire retardant polymer composition comprising a copolymerized reaction product of (a) an unsaturated polyester of chlorendic acid or anhydride, an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or anhydride and a polyhydric alcohol, containing chlorine in a proportion of about 15 up to about 50 weight percent; and (b) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the improvement wherein the polymer composition contains a fire retardant proportion of about 0.5 to about 5 weight percent of an additive mixture of metal compounds consisting essentially of at least 0.1 weight percent of an iron compound in combination with at least about 0.1 weight percent of at least one member of the group consisting of a copper compound, an antimony compound and mixtures thereof wherein said compounds permit the transmission of light; said composition being substantially phosphorus-free and said proportions being used on the weight of the copolymerized reaction product.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
143 words
In a fire retardant polymer composition comprising a copolymerized reaction product of (a) an unsaturated polyester of chlorendic acid or anhydride, an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or anhydride and a polyhydric alcohol, containing chlorine in a proportion of about 15 up to about 50 weight percent; and (b) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer; the improvement wherein the polymer composition contains a fire retardant proportion of about 0.5 to about 5 weight percent of an additive mixture of metal compounds consisting essentially of at least 0.1 weight percent of an iron compound in combination with at least about 0.1 weight percent of at least one member of the group consisting of a copper compound, an antimony compound and mixtures thereof wherein said compounds permit the transmission of light; said composition being substantially phosphorus-free and said proportions being used on the weight of the copolymerized reaction product.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 6 wherein the polyester is a post-brominated polyester.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 47 wherein the post-brominated polyester is the brominated product of the ester of ethylene glycol with tetrahydrophthalic anhydride and maleic anhydride.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
10 words
The composition of claim 25 wherein the halogen is bromine.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 49 wherein the polyester is a post-brominated polyester.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 50 wherein the post-brominated polyester is the brominated product of the ester of ethylene glycol with tetrahydrophthalic anhydride and maleic anhydride.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-04-30 | 1982-10-30 | 1983-05-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-04-30 | 1986-10-30 | 1987-05-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-04-30 | 1990-10-30 | 1991-05-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |