US4152300A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Dehydrogenation catalyst
Assignee: Shell USA Inc
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Filing: 1978-04-24
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Granted: 1979-05-01
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Expires: 1998-04-24
Abstract
Abstract Addition of small amounts of oxidic compounds of aluminum, cadmium, magnesium, manganese, nickel, uranium, and the rare earths to iron-potassium-vanadium oxide catalysts useful in the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons to the corresponding more unsaturated hydrocarbons results in an improved catalyst.
Inventors
- 👤 Gregor H. Riesser
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 07:46
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/70; B01J23/76; B01J23/84; B01J23/889; B01J23/8892; B01J23/85; B01J23/86; B01J23/862; B01J23/866; B01J23/888; C; C07; C07C; C07C5/00; C07C5/32; C07C5/321; C07C5/322; C07C5/327; C07C5/333; C07C5/3332
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
129 words
A catalyst for the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons to more unsaturated hydrocarbons comprising a mixture having: (a) from about 35 to about 67 percent by weight of an iron oxide, measured as iron metal; (b) from about 4 to about 25 percent by weight of potassium oxide measured as potassium metal; (c) from about 0.005 to about 5 percent by weight of a vanadium oxide, measured as vanadium metal; (d) from about 0.005 to about 9 percent by weight of an additive oxide selected from the group consisting of an oxide of cadmium, magnesium, manganese, nickel, a member of a rare earth series, uranium, and mixtures thereof measured as the individual metal; and (e) from 0 to about 21 percent by weight of a chromium oxide measured as chromium metal.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
129 words
A catalyst for the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons to more unsaturated hydrocarbons comprising a mixture having: (a) from about 35 to about 67 percent by weight of an iron oxide, measured as iron metal; (b) from about 4 to about 25 percent by weight of potassium oxide measured as potassium metal; (c) from about 0.005 to about 5 percent by weight of a vanadium oxide, measured as vanadium metal; (d) from about 0.005 to about 9 percent by weight of an additive oxide selected from the group consisting of an oxide of cadmium, magnesium, manganese, nickel, a member of a rare earth series, uranium, and mixtures thereof measured as the individual metal; and (e) from 0 to about 21 percent by weight of a chromium oxide measured as chromium metal.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the additive oxide is selected from the group consisting of an oxide of cadmium, magnesium, manganese, nickel, uranium, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
The catalyst of claim 2 wherein the additive oxide is selected from the group consisting of an oxide of cadmium, manganese, nickel and mixtures thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
24 words
The catalyst of claim 2 wherein the additive oxide is selected from the group consisting of an oxide of magnesium, uranium and mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the additive oxide is selected from the group consisting of an oxide of the rare earth series and mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the chromium oxide ranges from 0 to about 14 percent by weight.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
27 words
The catalyst of claim 6 wherein the additive oxide is selected from the group consisting of an oxide of cadmium, magnesium, manganese, nickel, uranium, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The catalyst of claim 7 wherein the additive oxide is selected from the group consisting of an oxide of cadmium, manganese, nickel, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
The catalyst of claim 7 wherein the additive oxide is selected from the group consisting of an oxide of magnesium, uranium and mixtures thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
26 words
The catalyst of claim 6 wherein the additive oxide is selected from the group consisting of an oxide of the rare earth series and mixtures thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
45 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the hydrocarbon is a mono-olefin, the more unsaturated hydrocarbon is a diene, the iron oxide ranges from about 35 to about 53 percent by weight, and the potassium oxide ranges from about 12 to about 25 percent by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
The catalyst of claim 11 wherein the chromium oxide ranges 0 to about 14 percent by weight.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
15 words
The catalyst of claim 11 wherein the mono-olefin is butylene and the diene is butadiene.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
The catalyst of claim 11 wherein the mono-olefin is amylene and the diene is isoprene.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
50 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein the hydrocarbon is an alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon, and the more unsaturated hydrocarbon is an alkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon, the iron oxide ranges from about 52 to about 67 percent by weight, and the potassium oxide ranges from about 5 to about 21 percent by weight.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The catalyst of claim 15 wherein the alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon is ethylbenzene and the alkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon is styrene.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
The catalyst of claim 16 wherein the additive oxide is selected from the group consisting of an oxide of cadmium, magnesium, manganese, nickel, uranium, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
25 words
The catalyst of claim 17 wherein the additive oxide is selected from the group consisting of an oxide of cadmium, manganese, nickel, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
24 words
The catalyst of claim 17 wherein the additive oxide is selected from the group consisting of an oxide of magnesium, uranium and mixtures thereof.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
26 words
The catalyst of claim 16 wherein the additive oxide is selected from the group consisting of an oxide of the rare earth series and mixtures thereof.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
18 words
The catalyst of claim 16 wherein the chromium oxide ranges from 0 to about 14 percent by weight.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
58 words
The process for preparing the catalyst of claim 1 wherein iron, potassium, vanadium, additive oxides and optionally chromium and/or compounds thermally decomposable to oxides upon calcination are combined with water to form a paste, the paste is formed into pellets, the pellets are dried and then calcined at a temperature from about 600° C. to about 1000° C.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 22 wherein the drying and calcining are performed sequentially in one step.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
60 words
The process for preparing the catalyst of claim 16 wherein iron, potassium, chromium, vanadium, additive oxides and optionally chromium and/or compounds thermally decomposable to oxides upon calcination are combined with water to form a paste, the paste is formed into pellets, the pellets are dried and then calcined at a temperature ranging from about 600° C. to about 1000° C.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 24 wherein the drying and calcining are performed sequentially in one step.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3849339A
Cited
US4064187A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-04-30 | 1982-10-30 | 1983-05-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-04-30 | 1986-10-30 | 1987-05-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-04-30 | 1990-10-30 | 1991-05-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |